In 9 wells of your plate, add 10 drops of the 0.1 M metal nitrate solutions and label them appropriately.
Carbonates: Add 10 drops of 2 M sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, and mix well. Record your observations. In the column labeled “Formula” write the chemical formula of the precipitate formed. For two representative precipitates formed, write a chemical equation (molecular) to represent the reaction.
Repeat step 6 in a fresh set of 9 wells.
Sulfates: Add 10 drops of 2 M sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, and mix well. Record your observations. In the column labeled “Formula” write the chemical formula of the precipitate formed. For two representative precipitates formed, write a chemical equation (molecular) to represent the reaction.
Repeat step 6 in a fresh set of 9 wells.
Thiocyanates Add 10 drops of 1 M sodium thiocyanate, NaSCN, and mix well. Record your observations. In the column labeled “Formula” write the chemical formula of the precipitate formed. One rather impressive soluble complex will form. See if you can identify it. For two representative precipitates formed, write a chemical equation (molecular) to represent the reaction.
Repeat step 6 in a fresh set of 9 wells.
Hydroxides Add 1 drop (a limited amount) of 4 M sodium hydroxide, NaOH, and mix. Pay close attention when you add the NaOH. Sometimes the precipitate that forms redissolves very quickly. You want to be sure to observe if any precipitate forms, even if it is present for just a short time. Record your observations. In the column labeled “Formula” write the chemical formula of the precipitate formed. For two representative precipitates formed, write a chemical equation (molecular) to represent the reaction.
To those wells containing any precipitate, add 10 drops (an excess amount) of 3 M sodium hydroxide solution and mix. Record your observations.
Clean-up 15. Carefully empty your well plates into the provided waste container. Wash the well plates with soap and water using a test tube brush, rinse well with tap and distilled water and then place them on the drying racks.
Conclusion:Fill in the tables on your report sheet with your observations. Your observations should describe the color of your starting solution, any color change you may have observed, the characteristics of any precipitate that has formed, etc. Write the formula for any precipitate(s) that may have formed in the column titled “formula”, if a complex forms write the word “complex”, if there is no change, leave the box blank. Once your data tables are complete, you will derive a set of solubility rules, based on your results in this experiment and use those solubility rules to answer several questions.
