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Using two of the groups you developed above, list any additional facts about the group and/or topic that you might know. Exclude all but relevant facts.
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What inferences does your information/grouped data suggest? Justify.
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What cause and effect relationships can you infer or deduce from the information you have generated? Using your data, infer prior causes and subsequent effects. Students should make new inferences based on supported inferences.
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What change over time relationships can you infer or deduce from the information you have generated? What is the pattern to change over time in your group(s)?
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Draw conclusions about your information and support it.
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How might you better organize your information to teach the concepts of “cause and effect” as well as “change over time”? How would this information differ from the generalization that “regions develop independently and differently”? What conclusions can you make about global change during this historical period?
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How would you prioritize facts and information from this exercise to teach the lesson? How might you want to comparatively study different historical periods or historical regions? Generalize about new situations and subsequent history.
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EXERCISES THREE: USING GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
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Teachers can instruct students to visualize change over time through the use of the grid. For this exercise, students should select two of the geographic or topical groups they created above and transfer the data to the grid according to the chronological periods. Describe change over time. Working with two different groups or regions allows students to compare and contrast change over time.
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EXTRA CREDIT OR ENRICHMENT
Mnemonic devices help students remember complex and extensive facts through creation of a memory device. Songs especially ballads can achieve the same purpose. Using Billy Joel’s ballad “We did not start the fire” as a model, have students create a ballad of American history in relation to world history. Use the facts as provided above. Limit this exercise to the last three chronological time periods, 1450 – Present. Have three groups cover one of the time periods. You could have six groups, two per time period. You may want to preview the ballad on the web. Alternatively you can use the AP Themes or PERSIAN themes as the organizing theme instead of chronological periods.
ASSESSMENT
Write either a “Compare and Contrast” or a “Change and Continuity Over Time” essay.
U.S. PRIMARY SOURCE DOCUMENTS
FOR WORLD HISTORY
Visit the Internet History Sourcebook Project for documents relating to American history, which can enrich this exercise. These documents can be inserted as comparison documents when studying similar related documents in other cultures. Some however need to be read, as they are critical to world history in their own right.
Mayflower Compact (English Bill of Rights)
Connecticut Order in Council (English Bill of Rights)
Declaration of Independence (Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen)
(Mexican Grito de Delores)
(Seneca Falls Declaration of Women’s Rights)
(Vietnamese Declaration of Independence)
U.S. Constitution (Hammurabi’s Code)
(Athenian Constitution)
(Rome’s Twelve Tables)
(Constitution of Prince Shotoku)
(Mexican Constitution of 1917)
US Governmental Structure (Structure of the United Nations)
US Bill of Rights (UN Declaration of Human Rights)
Monroe Doctrine (Bandung Declaration of Non-Alignment)
Emancipation Proclamation (Alexander III’s Ukase Emancipating the Serfs)
Gettysburg Address (Nehru’s Tryst with Destiny speech)
Lincoln’s 1st, 2nd Inaugural Speeches (Sun Yat Sen’s 3 Principles of the People)
13th, 14th, 15th Amendments (Brazilian Emancipation of the Slaves)
Plessey v Fergeson; Jim Crow Laws (Apartheid Laws, Passbook Law in South Africa)
Wilson’s 14 Points (Versailles Peace Treaty)
Roosevelt’s Four Freedoms
UN Charter
Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech
Truman’s Containment Doctrine
US Civil Rights Documents (Indian Congress Movement, Anti-Apartheid)
SUMMARY OF AMERICAN HISTORY
CHRONOLOGICAL PERIOD: _______________________________
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