Ideas and events from the past have shaped the world as it is today. The actions of individuals and groups have made a difference in the lives of others.
Pacing
Unit 1, Content Statements 1-14, 18 weeks
Content Statement
6. The inability to resolve standing issues with Great Britain and ongoing conflicts with American Indians led the United States into the War of 1812. Victory in the Battle of lake Erie contributed to American success in the war.
Learning Targets:
I can describe the events leading up to the conflicts among Great Britain, Colonists, France, and Native Americans.
I can identify the effects of these conflicts.
I can trace the actions of American Indians as they defended their lands and were forced from Ohio.
For years following the American Revolution, the British continued to supply weapons to the American Indians from their military outposts in Canada, allowing native tribes to continue to fight against the Americans. The British wanted to keep their hold on both Canada and the profitable fur trade in the Northwest Territory.
A coalition of American Indians rejected the Americans’ claim that the Treaty of Paris gave the United States title to Indian lands in the Ohio valley. Tribal leaders, such as Blue Jacket and Little Turtle, fought to resist the flood of American settlers into the region. After initial victories against the American army, the coalition was defeated at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. Many tribes signed the Treaty of Greenville, giving up their claims to land in much of Ohio. Others, with British aid, continued the fight to defend their lands.
Tecumseh and his brother, the Prophet, attempted to form a new Indian confederacy, but they suffered a serious defeat at the Battle of Tippecanoe, leaving the confederacy in a weakened state.
The United States declared war on Great Britain in June of 1812. Fort Meigs was constructed along the Maumee River as a staging area for an invasion of British Canada. British troops and Indian warriors attacked the fort, but were defeated.
Oliver Hazard Perry and American sailors defeated the British navy at the Battle of Lake Erie (1813). This defeat meant the British could no longer provide American Indians with weapons to continue the fight.
Even though the War of 1812 would not end until 1814, Indian resistance to the American settlement of Ohio ended with the Battle of Lake Erie.
Strategies for meeting the needs of all learners including gifted students, English Language Learners (ELL), and students with disabilities can be found on the ODE website. Resources based on the Universal Design for Learning principles are available at www.cast.org.
Grade Four Social Studies
ThemeOhio in the United States
StrandHistory
TopicHeritage
Ideas and events from the past have shaped the world as it is today. The actions of individuals and groups have made a difference in the lives of others.
Pacing
Unit 1, Content Statements 1-14, 18 weeks
Content Statement
7. Sectional issues divided the United States after the War of 1812. Ohio played a key role in these issues, particularly with the antislavery movement and the Underground Railroad.
Learning Targets:
I can describe the conflict that caused the division of the United States after the War of 1812.
I can describe Ohio’s role in the antislavery movement and the Underground Railroad.
I can identify cultural and political events leading up to the Civil War.
Content Elaborations
Following the War of 1812, the nation quickly expanded, forcing the question of whether or not to allow the practice of slavery in the new territories.
Under the terms of the Northwest Ordinance, Ohio was admitted to statehood as a free state.
The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 made it illegal to help slaves escape. While not all Ohioans were abolitionists, seeds of the antislavery movement were planted by local antislavery newspapers, building Ohio into a strong center of opposition to slavery. The Ohio Anti-Slavery Society employed lecturers to travel across the state, hoping they would convince Ohioans to join the abolitionist movement. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a popular novel based on runaway slaves the author had met in Cincinnati.
Ohio served as the northern “trunk line” of the Underground Railroad, a system of secret routes used by free people in the North and South to help slaves escape to freedom. Escape routes developed throughout Ohio with safe houses where slaves could be concealed during the day. Escaped slaves typically traveled at night to their destinations. Many cities in Ohio today have houses that were once used by fugitive slaves heading north along the Underground Railroad.
Content Vocabulary
Emancipation Proclamation
secede
confederacy
Union
free state
Fugitive Slave Act
Civil War
plantation
abolitionist
Underground Railroad
conductor
Ohio Anti-Slavery Society
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
safe house
Academic Vocabulary
identify
cause/effect
Formative Assessments
Summative Assessments
Resources
Enrichment Strategies
Integrations
Intervention Strategies
Strategies for meeting the needs of all learners including gifted students, English Language Learners (ELL), and students with disabilities can be found on the ODE website. Resources based on the Universal Design for Learning principles are available at www.cast.org.
Grade Four Social Studies
ThemeOhio in the United States
StrandHistory
TopicHeritage
Ideas and events from the past have shaped the world as it is today. The actions of individuals and groups have made a difference in the lives of others.
Pacing
Unit 1, Content Statements 1-14, 18 weeks
Content Statement
8. Many technological innovations that originated in Ohio benefitted the United States.
Learning Targets:
I can compile the many innovations in communications and technology and transportation that originated in Ohio.
I can explain how new/efficient ways of transportation enabled Ohio’s economy and population to grow.
I can identify how the invention and manufacturing of new products enhanced Ohio’s businesses/economy and benefitted the United States.
I can identify inventions, their inventors, and other business leaders from Ohio.
Content Elaborations
To understand the influence of Ohio on the growth and development of the United States, students need to recognize the significance of Ohio’s innovations in communication, technology, and transportation.
Inventions that originated in Ohio include the light bulb, telephone, phonograph, traffic signal, gas mask, airplane, automobile self-starter, air brake, and steam boiler. These innovations benefitted the United States.
Strategies for meeting the needs of all learners including gifted students, English Language Learners (ELL), and students with disabilities can be found on the ODE website. Resources based on the Universal Design for Learning principles are available at www.cast.org.
Grade Four Social Studies
ThemeOhio in the United States
StrandGeography
TopicSpatial Thinking and Skills
Spatial thinking examines the relationships among people, places, and environments by mapping and graphing geographic data. Geographic data are compiled, organized, stored, and made visible using traditional and geospatial technologies. Students need to be able to access, read, interpret, and create maps and other geographic representations as tools of analysis.
Pacing
Unit 1, Content Statements 1-14, 18 weeks
Content Statement
9. A map scale and cardinal and intermediate directions can be used to describe the relative location of physical and human characteristics of Ohio and the United States.
Learning Targets:
I can use map scale and compass to describe the relative locations of physical and human places in Ohio and the United States.
I can determine the relative locations and distance between two points on a map.
Content Elaborations
First introduced in grade four, relative location is the location of a place relative to other places (e.g., northwest or downstream). Fourth-grade students describe the relative location of the physical and human characteristics of Ohio and the United States using a map scale and cardinal and intermediate directions.
A map scale shows the relationship between a unit of length on a map and the corresponding length on the Earth’s surface. Students can describe relative location by using the map scale to approximate the distance between places.
Cardinal directions are the four main points of the compass (north, south, east, and west).
Intermediate directions are the points of the compass that fall between north and east, north and west, south and east, and south and west, i.e., NE, NW, SE, and SW.
Cardinal and intermediate directions also can be used to describe relative location, such as Dayton is west of Zanesville or Virginia is southeast of Ohio.
Map skills are developed further in grades five and six as students study the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.
Content Vocabulary
relative location
map scale (large and small)
cardinal
intermediate
physical (natural) characteristics
human characteristics
approximate
Academic Vocabulary
interpret
describe
determine
Formative Assessments
Summative Assessments
Resources
Enrichment Strategies
Integrations
Intervention Strategies
Strategies for meeting the needs of all learners including gifted students, English Language Learners (ELL), and students with disabilities can be found on the ODE website. Resources based on the Universal Design for Learning principles are available at www.cast.org.
Grade Four Social Studies
ThemeOhio in the United States
StrandGeography
TopicPlaces and Regions
A place is a location having distinctive characteristics, which give it meaning and character and distinguish it from other locations. A region is an area with one or more common characteristics, which give it a measure of homogeneity and make it different from surrounding areas. Regions and places are human constructs.
Pacing
Unit 1, Content Statements 1-14, 18 weeks
Content Statement
10. The economic development of the United States continues to influence and be influenced by agriculture, industry, and natural resources in Ohio.
Learning Targets:
I can explain how the agriculture, industry, and natural resources have influenced the economic development of Ohio and the United States.
I can explain how where you live influences how you live.
Content Elaborations
Ohio’s abundant natural resources and skilled laborers, along with its central location and extensive waterways, allowed it to play a crucial role in the early development of the United States. Ohio’s forests provided the resources for building materials and paper. Ohio farms, as well as the fisheries along Lake Erie, supplied food for a rapidly growing nation. Ohio coal powered the factories producing goods and the ships and trains that carried products to market during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
While a significant percentage of Ohio’s corn was once used to feed the growing nation, a significant portion of corn and soybeans is now used in the production of bio-fuels, reflecting national fuel conservation efforts.
Current economic challenges such as global competition influence basic industries in Ohio (e.g., automobile, rubber, steel, heavy equipment) and in the nation as a whole.
Wind turbines are being constructed in Ohio as the nation moves toward alternative energy sources. Ohio’s waterways serve as a conduit for transportation and provide recreational opportunities.
Strategies for meeting the needs of all learners including gifted students, English Language Learners (ELL), and students with disabilities can be found on the ODE website. Resources based on the Universal Design for Learning principles are available at www.cast.org.
Grade Four Social Studies
ThemeOhio in the United States
StrandGeography
TopicPlaces and Regions
A place is a location having distinctive characteristics, which give it meaning and character and distinguish it from other locations. A region is an area with one or more common characteristics, which give it a measure of homogeneity and make it different from surrounding areas. Regions and places are human constructs.
Pacing
Unit 1, Content Statements 1-14, 18 weeks
Content Statement
11. The regions which became known as the North, South, and West of the United States developed in the early 1800s largely based on their physical environments and economies.
Learning Targets:
I can explain how the regions of the United States developed based on their physical environments and economies.
I can compare and contrast the economic development of Northern and Southern regions based on their physical environments and economies.
I can describe and compare the landforms, climates, populations, vegetation, and economic characteristics of places and regions in Ohio.
Content Elaborations
By the early 1800s, the borders of the United States stretched from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River. Regions developed in the United States based upon common physical environments and economies. Ohio was considered part of the West during this time.
Producers of raw materials for northern and British factories
West (including Ohio):
Rural with growing cities and towns
Inexpensive farmland
Rich soil for farming
Producers of raw materials for northern and British factories (timber, minerals)
Content Vocabulary
all landform vocabulary words
manufacturing
raw materials
textiles
cottage industries
cash crop
urban
rural
ports
canal boat
steamboat
location of Ohio cities
Lake Erie/all river identification (with blank map)
Academic Vocabulary
describe
explain
compare/contrast
locate
Formative Assessments
Summative Assessments
Resources
Enrichment Strategies
Integrations
Intervention Strategies
Strategies for meeting the needs of all learners including gifted students, English Language Learners (ELL), and students with disabilities can be found on the ODE website. Resources based on the Universal Design for Learning principles are available at www.cast.org.
