Theology beacon dictionary of theology
(See Antilegomena) Homosexuality
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(See Antilegomena) Homosexuality (See Sex, Sexuality) Honesty Honor Hope Human Nature Humanism Humanity of Christ Humiliation of Christ Humility Hypocrisy Hypostasis Hypostatic Union Icon, Iconoclasm Idealism (See Realism) Idol, Idolatry Ignorance Illusionism Image Imagination Imago Dei (See Divine Image) Imitation of Christ Immaculate Conception Immanence Immanuel Immersion Immortality Immutability Impanation Imparted Righteousness Impeccability of Christ (See Sinlessness of Christ) Impenitence Imputed Righteousness In Adam In Christ Inbred Sin (See Original Sin) Incarnation Indulgences Inerrancy (See Biblical Inerrancy) Infallibility, Biblical (See Biblical Inerrancy) Infallibility, Papal (See Papal Infallibility) Infant Baptism (Pro) Infant Baptism (Con) Infant Communion Infant Salvation Infanticide Infidelity (See Unbelief) Infinite, Infinity Infirmities Infralapsarianism Inheritance Inherited Sin (See Original Sin) Iniquity Initial Sanctification Inspiration of the Bible Institutions of Christianity Integrity Integrity Therapy Intellectualism Intention Intercession Intercession, Problem of Intermediate State Interpretation, Biblical (See Hermeneutics) Islam Israel I-Thou Jealousy Jehovah, Yahweh Jerusalem Jesus (See Christ) John the Baptist Joy Judaism Judaistic Controversy Judge, Judgment Just, Justify (See Justification) Justice Justification Kabbala Kairos (See Chronos) Kenosis Kerygma Keswick, Keswickianism Keys of the Kingdom Kingdom of God Kingly Offices of Christ Knowledge Koinonia Labor Laity Lamb, Sacrificial Lamb of God Language, Theological (See Theological Language) Lasciviousness Last Days, The Latitudinarianism Law Law and Grace Law of Liberty Lay Baptism Laying On of Hands Leaven Legal Sin, Ethical Sin Legalism Leisure Lent Liability to Sin Liberalism Liberation Theology Liberty (See Freedom) License Lie, Liars Life Life-style Light Likeness (See Divine Image) Limbo Limited Atonement (See Atonement) Liturgy, Liturgies Logos Long-suffering Lord Lord's Day Lord's Prayer Lord's Supper (See Holy Communion) Lost, Lost Soul Love Love and Law Love Feast Lust (See Desire) Lutheranism Macedonianism Magic (See Sorcery) Majesty Mammon Man Man of Sin Manhood of Christ (See Humanity of Christ) Manichaeism Marcionism Mariolatry Marriage Martyr, Martyrdom Marxism Mass Materialism Maturity Means of Grace Mediation, Mediator Meditation Meekness Melchizedek Memorial Theory (See Holy Communion) Mercy Mercy Seat Merit (See Work, Works) Messiah Metaphysics Metempsychosis (See Reincarnation) Methodism Might (See Power) Millennium Mind Mind of Christ Minister, Ministry Miracle Mission, Missions, Missiology Mission of Christ Mistakes Modalism (See Sabellianism) Moderation (See Temperance) Modern Realism Modernism (See Liberalism) Monarchianism Monasticism Monergism Money Monism Monophysitism Monotheism Monothelitism Montanism Moral Attributes of God Moral Influence Theory of the Atonement Morality Mortal, Mortality Mortify, Mortification Mosaic Law Moses Mother of God Motif Research Motives Murder Mystery, Mysteries Mystical Theory of the Atonement Mysticism Myth Nation Natural Law Natural Man, The Natural Revelation (See Revelation, Natural) Natural Theology Nature Nazarene Necromancy (See Sorcery) Neighbor Neoevangelicalism Neoorthodoxy Neo-Pentecostalism Neoplatonism Neo-Thomism Nestorianism New Being New Birth New Commandment New Covenant New Heavens and New Earth New Hermeneutic New Morality New Testament (See Bible: The Two Testaments) Nicene Creed Nominalism (See Realism and Nominalism) Non-Christian Religions Nonconformity Nondirective Counseling (See Rogerian Counseling) Numinous, The Nurture (See Discipling) Obedience Obedience of Christ Objectivity Oblation (See Offer, Offering) Occult, Occultism Offer, Offering Offices, Ecclesiastical Offices of Christ (See Estates of Christ) Old Man Old Testament (See Bible: The Two Testaments) Omnipotence Omnipresence Omniscience (See Attributes, Divine) Oneness (See Unity) Only Begotten Ontological Argument Ontology Ordain, Ordination Ordinances Ordination of Women Original Righteousness (See Divine Image) Original Sin Orthodoxy Overseer (See Bishop) Pacifism Paganism Pain (See Suffer, Suffering) Panentheism Pantheism Papacy (See Catholicism, Roman) Papal Infallibility Parables Paraclete Paradise Paradox Pardon (See Forgiveness) Parents and Children Parousia Paschal Controversy Passion of Christ (See Death of Christ) Passover Pastor Pastoral Counseling Pastoral Theology (See Practical Theology) Patripassianism (See Monarchianism) Peace Pelagianism Penal Satisfaction Theory of the Atonement Penance Penitence Pentateuch Pentecost Pentecostalism Perdition, Son of Perdition Perfect, Perfection Perfect Love Perfectionism Perish (See Lost, Lost Soul) Permissive Will (See Providence) Permissiveness Perpetual Virginity Persecution (See Tribulation) Perseverance Person, Personality Personalism Personality of God Personality of the Holy Spirit Pharisaism Pharisees Philanthropy (See Liberality) Philia (See Brotherly Love) Philosophy Pietism Pietism, English Evangelical Piety Pigeon (See Dove) Pilgrim Pity, Pitiful (See Compassion) Platonism Pleasure Plenary Pluralism Polygamy Polytheism Pope (See Catholicism, Roman) Positional Holiness Positivism Postmillennialism Poverty Power Powers (See Principalities and Powers) Practical Theology Pragmatism Praise Prayer Prayers for the Dead Preaching Predestination Preeminence Preexistence of Christ Preexistence of Souls Prejudice Premillennialism Presbyter (See Elder) Presence, Divine Presumption Prevenient Grace Pride Priest, Priesthood Priesthood of Believers Primal History Primitive Holiness (See Divine Image) Principalities and Powers Principles Priority (See Values) Priscillianism Probabilism Probation Process Theology Procession of the Spirit Profane, Profanity Progressive Revelation Progressive Sanctification Promise Promises, Davidic Property Rights Prophet, Prophecy Propitiation Propositional Theology Proselyte Proselytism Protestantism Providence Prudence Pseudepigrapha Pseudo-Isadorian Decretals (See False Decretals) Psychoanalysis Psychology Psychology of Religion Psychotherapy Public Prayer Punishment Purgatory Purification, Ceremonial Purification from Sin (See Heart Purity) Puritan, Puritanism Purity and Maturity Quietism Rabbinic Theology Racial Sin (See Original Sin) Racism Ransom Rapture Rationalism Rationality Real Presence Realism Realism and Nominalism Realism in Theology Reality Therapy Realized Eschatology Reason Rebaptism Receiving the Holy Spirit Reconciliation Redeemer, Redemption Reformation (See Protestant Reformation) Regeneration Reincarnation Rejoice (See Joy) Relational Theology Religion Religious Education (See Christian Education) Religious Knowledge Remarriage (See Divorce) Remission of Sins (See Forgiveness) Remnant Remonstrants Remorse (See Repentance) Repentance Representative Theory Reprobation Resentment (See Hardness of Heart) Respect Respect of Persons (See Prejudice) Responsibility (See Accountability) Rest, Rest of Faith Restitution Restoration of Israel Restorationism Restore, Restoration (See Backsliding) Resurrection of Christ Resurrection of the Body Retaliation (See Revenge) Retribution, Retributive Justice Revelation, Book of Revelation, Natural Revelation, Special Revenge Reverence Revival Revivalism Rewards Riches (See Money) Right, Righteousness Right Hand Righteousness of God (See Attributes, Divine) Rights Ritschlianism Ritual Rogerian Counseling Roman Catholicism (See Catholicism, Roman) Rule, Ruler (See Kingdom of God) Rule of Faith Sabbatarianism Sabbath (See Lord's Day) Sabellianism Sacramentarianism Sacraments Sacraments: Quaker and Salvation Army Views Sacrifice Sacrificial Lamb (See Lamb, Sacrificial) Sadducees Saint, Saintliness Salt Salvation Sanctification Sanctification, Progressive (See Progressive Sanctification) Sanctity of the Body Sarx (See Flesh) Satan Satan Worship Satisfaction Savior Scandal Schism Scholasticism Scottish Realism Scripture (See Bible) Sealing of the Spirit Second Blessing (See Second Work of Grace) Second Chance (See Future Probation) Second Coming of Christ Second Death (See Death) Second Work of Grace Sect (See Church) Secularism Self Self-control (See Discipline) Self-crucifixion (See Death to Self) Self-examination Self-image Semi-Pelagianism Separation Seraph, Seraphim (See Angels) Servant Servant of Jehovah Service Servitude (See Bondage) Seven Cardinal Virtues Seven Deadly Sins Sex, Sexuality Shame Shekinah Sheol Sign Simplicity of Moral Action Sin Sin, Origin of Sin Offering Sincerity Sinless Perfection Sinlessness of Christ Sinning Religion Sins Against the Spirit Situation Ethics (See New Morality) Skepticism Slave, Slavery Social Ethics Social Holiness Social Welfare Socinianism Sociology Son of God Son of Man Son of Perdition (See Perdition) Sorcery Sorrow (See Suffering) Soteriology Soul Soul Sleep Soul Winning Sovereignty (See Divine Sovereignty) Sowing and Reaping Speaking in Tongues (See Tongues) Spirit Spirit, Holy (See Holy Spirit) Spirits in Prison (See Descent into Hell) Spiritual Death (See Death) Spiritual Gifts (See Gifts of the Spirit) Spiritual Warfare Spiritualism, Spiritism Spirituality Standing and State State, The Stewardship Stigmata Stoicism Sublapsarianism (See Infralapsarianism) Submission (See Obedience) Substance, Substantive Substitution (See Vicarious) Suffer, Suffering Suicide Sunday Supererogation Supernatural, Supernaturalism Superstition Supplication Suppression Supralapsarianism (See Infralapsarianism) Surrender Swedenborgianism Symbolic Eschatology (See Eschatology) Symbolics (See Creed, Creeds) Symbolism Syncretism Synergism Systematic Theology Tabernacle (See Temple) Talmud Targum Teach, Teaching, Teacher Teleological Eschatology (See Eschatology) Teleology (See Theistic Proofs) Temperance Temple Temptation Temptation of Christ Ten Commandments (See Decalogue) Testimony, Witness Textual Criticism Thanksgiving (See Praise) Theism Theistic Evolution Theistic Proofs Theocracy Theodicy (See Evil) Theological Language Theological Methodology (See Systematic Theology) Theology Theology, Natural (See Natural Theology) Theology of Missions (See Mission, Missions, Missiology) Theophany Theosophy Theothanatology (See Death of God Doctrine) Thomism Thought (See Reason) Time Tithe, The Tolerance Tongues, Gift of Torah (See Mosaic Law) Total Depravity Tractarianism Tradition Traducianism Transactional Analysis Transcendence Transcendental Meditation Transfiguration Transgression (See Sin) Transignification Transmigration of Souls (See Reincarnation) Transubstantiation Tribulation Trichotomy Trinity, The Holy Tritheism (See Trinity) Trust (See Faith) Truth Type, Typology Ultimate Concern Unbelief Unblamable (See Blame, Blameless) Unconditional Election (See Election) Unction (See Anointing) Understanding (See Wisdom) Unification Church Union with God (See Mysticism) Unitarianism Unity Universalism Universals Unlimited Atonement (See Atonement) Unpardonable Sin Unrighteousness (See Iniquity) Upright, Uprightness (See Right, Righteousness) Values Values Clarification Veil Vengeance (See Revenge) Verbal Inspiration (See Inspiration of the Bible) Vicarious Vice Victory, Victorious Living Virgin Birth Virtue Vision Vocation Voluntarism (See Intellectualism) Vows Walk (See Life-style) War Warfare, Spiritual (See Spiritual Warfare) Water Wealth (See Money) Wedding Garment Wesleyan Synthesis Wesleyanism Whitsunday (See Christian Year) Whole, Wholeness Wholly Other Wicked, Wickedness (See Sin) Will (See Freedom) Will of God (See Guide, Guidance; Providence) Wine (See Temperance) Wisdom Witchcraft (See Sorcery) Witness (See Testimony) Witness of the Spirit Woman Women, Ordination of (See Ordination of Women) Women's Liberation Word of God Work, Works Work Ethic (See Labor) World, Worldliness World View (See Cosmology) Worship Wrath Write, Writing, Written Yahweh (See Jehovah) Yoke Zeal Zealots Zionism Zoroastrianism BEACON DICTIONARY OF THEOLOGY ABBA—ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION 23
ABBA. See lord's prayer. ABIDE, ABIDING. To abide is to remain or to endure. God abides (Ps. 9:7; Dan. 6:26), in contrast to what is earthly and human (Isa. 40:6-8). Therefore, His word endures and prevails (1 Pet. 1:23-25), and His purpose stands undefeated (Isa. 14:27; Rom. 9:11). The primary Greek word for abide is meno. It occurs 112 times in the NT, 66 in Johannine literature, 40 of these in his Gospel. John 15:1-17, where meno is found 11 times, is a key passage for understanding the concept. The Christian life is essentially union with Christ: "Abide in me, and I in you" (v. 4). The condition for abiding is obedience: His "words" abide in the believer, who keeps His "commandments" and thus abides in His love (vv. 7-10; 1 John 2:17). The consequence of abiding is continued fruit bearing (v. 5), and this fruit is unselfish, sacrificial love (vv. 10-13). When we abide in Christ and His words abide in us, answered prayer is assured (v. 7). Abiding in Christ is not automatic or unconditional, as His imperatives ("Abide in me . . . abide in my love") indicate. It calls for resolute decision. The alternative to abiding is separation and destruction (v. 6). The believer is promised an abiding place (mone) in the Father's house (John 14:2) for eternity. Meanwhile, Father and Son have an abiding place in the believer's heart (14:23) through the abiding Holy Spirit (14:16-17). The Spirit abiding in us is the assurance that we abide in God (1 John 4:13). Believers abide in light (1 John 2:10), love (4:16), life (3:14-15) and truth (2 John 9). Unbelievers, in sharp contrast, abide in darkness (John 12:46), in death (1 John 3:14), and under God's wrath (John 3:36). Abiding salvation is grounded upon the abiding priesthood of Jesus Christ as Sacrifice and Intercessor (Heb. 7:23-25). See eternal security, perseverance, obedience. For Further Reading: Kittel, 4:574-88; Westcott, The Gospel According to St. John; Morris, The Gospel According to John. W. E. McCUMBER ABILITY. This term, as used in the Bible, has reference to the idea of strength or capacity to perform in material, mental, or moral realms (cf. Dan. 1:4; Matt. 25:15; 1 Pet. 4:11). Theologically, ability has reference to the question of the extent to which man can respond to divine revelation and to what degree he is responsible for the decisions he makes. In the main, three answers have been given. First, some contend that unregenerate man's fall-enness is so total as to make him incapable of any initiation or response whatsoever, except as God is pleased to impart a measure of power to him on a highly selective basis. Hence the explanation for some being saved and others lost reverts to the eternal decree. A second answer, in marked contrast to the first, is to affirm native ability to such an extent that little or no damage occurred to anyone except Adam. Hence man retains his full power of self-determination and is capable of negotiating his own destiny with little more than instructional and inspirational help from outside sources. A third answer is to affirm that notwithstanding the tragedy of the Fall and man's consequent moral impotence, there is given to all men as a gift of grace sufficient strength and illumination to make them fully dependent upon God's grace on the one hand and fully responsible for its use on the other. Thus it is of grace that man can respond to grace, for grace includes God's power acting in man as well as for him. Man's accountability is based upon the grace-given ability to respond as God would have him to (cf. Josh. 24:15; Phil. 2:12-13; Luke 13:1-5; Acts 5:31-32; Rev. 9:20; 16:9,11). Such is the teaching of the Bible generally as well as in explicit statement. See sin, responsibility synergism, monergism, prevenient grace. For Further Reading: Wiley, CT, 2:356-57; Hills, Fundamental Christian Theology, 1:356-75, 2:144-51. Eldon R. Fuhrman ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION. This phrase is first found in Dan. 11:31 and 12:11, the latter being translated in the RSV by "the abomination that makes desolate." This certainly refers to the abominable act of Antiochus Epiphanes, king of 24 ABORTION—ABRAHAM Syria, who in 168 b.c. built a pagan altar on the site of the great altar in Jerusalem and offered heathen sacrifices on it. In the NT the phrase occurs in Matt. 24:15 and Mark 13:14, where it seems to have a double meaning. Luke 21:20 renders it "when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies." Therefore, the nearer meaning of the phrase is seen in the conquest of Jerusalem by Rome in a.d. 68-70. However, most scholars see a secondary meaning in the phrase, referring it to Antichrist, who will demand universal worship of man and thus profane the temple of God. 2 Thess. 2:4 describes him as one who "opposes and exalts himself against every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, proclaiming himself to be God" (rsv). However these words may be interpreted, they mean that Antichrist tries to displace God in favor of himself. See jerusalem, man of sin, temple, tribulation.
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