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Consequentialism: Human actions are judged good or bad, right or wrong, depending on the results of such actions. A desirable result denotes a good action and vice versa. There three types of Consequentialism:
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Egoism: this puts an individual’s interests and happiness above everything else. Here any action is good as long as it maximizes an individual’s
happiness –
Utilitarianism: this theory puts a group’s interest and happiness above those of an individual for the good of the many.
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Altruism: an action here is judge right if the consequences of that action are favorable to all except the actor
Deontology -Here an action is good or bad depending on the will inherent in it. The act is considered good if the individual committing it had a good reason to do so. This theory has a duty attached to it. E.g. killing is bad but if you killed an armed robber that has entered your home then your action is good because it’s your duty to protect your family and property
Emotivism - This theory maintains that ethical statements are neither true nor false and cannot be proven. They are actually only statements about how someone feels.
Hedonism- It claims that pleasure are the only good thing inhuman life and the end of life as the highest good. Hedonists maximize pleasure or minimize pain in whatever he or she does.
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