Topics: telescopes, observatories, instruments, optics, astronomy

Bahcall, John N. Science with the Hubble Space Telescope. Hearing on Hubble Space Telescope Flaw before the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session, Friday, July 13, 1990. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1990.

Bahcall, John N. The Space Telescope (the Hubble Space Telescope): Out Where the Stars Do Not Twinkle. NASA Authorization for Fiscal Year 1978: Hearings before the Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, United States Senate, 95th Congress, first session on S.365. Part 3, 1692-1697. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977. (testimony in support of authorization for NASA beginning the construction of the Space Telescope)
Baigrie, Brian S. The Scienfific Life of the Camera Obscura. Optics & Photonics News 11:2 (Feb. 2000) 18-21.

Bailey, A.E. Sixty years of Scientific Instruments. Journal of Physics E: Scientific instruments 16 (1983) 937-944.

Bailey, M.E., D. Stewart & M. Stronge. Extending the black drop to Saturn. Astronomy & Geophysics 46:1 (2005) 4. http://star.arm.ac.uk/preprints/

Bailey, M.E., C.J. Butler & J. McFarland. Unwinding the discovery of spiral nebulae. Astronomy & Geophysics 46:2 (2005) 2.26-2.28. http://star.arm.ac.uk/preprints/ (Rosse 1845 sketch M51)

(Bailey, S.) Kidwell, Peggy Aldrich. Bailey, Solon Irving. American National Biography Online Feb. 2000. Oxford University Press. http://www.anb.org/articles/13/13-00069.html Nov 25 2003.

(Baily, F.) Herschel, John. Francis Baily. M.N.R.A.S. 6:10 (Nov. 8, 1844) 89-128. (F.B. 1774.04.28-1844.08.30)

Bainbridge, John. An astronomicall description of the late comet. London: Printed by Edward Griffin for Iohn Parker, 1619. J.B.: 1582-1643. (map comet's path.)

Baker, Daniel. History of the Harvard College Observatory During the Period 1840-1890. Cambridge, 1890. 32pp. Reprinted from the Boston Evening Traveller. (ADS Harvard College Observatory Papers v2 pp58-89)

Baker, Henry. An Account of Mr. Leeuwenhoek's Microscopes. Philosophical Transactions 41 (1739-1741) 503-519.

Baker, Henry. A Report concerning the Microscope-Glasses, Sent as a Present to the Royal Society, by Father Di Torre of Naples, and Referred to the Examination of Mr. Baker, F.R.S. Philosophical Transactions 56 (1766) 67-71.

Baker, James G. Apochromatic Correction for Refractors. Astronomical Journal 56 (April 1951) 34-35. Sky & Telescope 10:4 (Feb. 1951) 93. (Presentation to 84th meeting of A.A.S.) (Schupmann)

Baker, James G. The Solid-Glass Schmidt Camera and a New Type Nebular Spectrograph. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:3 (April 30, 1940) 323-338.

(Baker,J.) Power, Henry. On Figuring a Correcting Plate for the F.P. Wright Short Telescope. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Convention of the Western Amateur Astronomers, 1950, pp89-91. (James G. Baker correspondence)

Baker, T.Y. British optical instruments. Journal of Scientific Instruments 9:8 (August 1932) 241-245.

Baker, T.Y. The Design of a Prismatic Astrolabe. Journal of Scientific Instruments 1 (1923) 65-74.

Baker, T.Y. The design of reflecting prisms. Transactions of the Optical Society 29:2 (December 1927) 49-70.

Baker, T.Y. The inverting prism. Transactions of the Optical Society 21:5 (May 1920) 217-218.

Baker, T.Y. The errors of a reflecting prism. Transactions of the Optical Society 29:4 (March 1928) 187-193.

Baker, T.Y. Optical instruments in the fighting services. Journal of Scientific Instruments 2:12 (September 1925) 380-381.

Baker, T.Y. Optical instruments for naval purposes. Transactions of the Optical Society 11 (1909-1910) 65-106.

Baker, T.Y. Reflecting Prisms. Transactions of the Optical Society 19:4 (February 1918) 113-119.

Baldwin, Ralph. Pulling back the curtain. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (2000) A13-A18. (autobiography)

Balick, Bruce, Ed Mannery, & Walt Siegmund. Concept design of a precision, versatile, inexpensive 3- to 4-meter class telescope. pp12-18. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 444, Advanced Technology Optical Telescopes 2. Bellingham: SPIE, 1984.

(Ball) Dyson, Frank & G.T.B. Sir Robert Stawell Ball. pp17-21. Obituary Notices of Fellows Deceased. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 91A (Sept. 1, 1915) 1-74.

Ball, William. Of an Observation, not Long Since Made in England, of Saturn. Philosophical Transactions 1 (1665) 152-153. (illus.; 38 foot telescope, double eye glass)

Ballard, Stanley S. Optical Problems Facing the Navy. Journal of the Optical Society of America 32:3 (March, 1942) 123-128. (fire control)

Bancroft, Wilder D. Newton and the Peacock. Journal of Physical Chemistry 28:4 (1924) 351-359. (Newton's rings)

(Banneker) Bedini, Silvio A.. Banneker, Benjamin. American National Biography Online Feb. 2000. Oxford University Press. http://www.anb.org/articles/13/13-00081.html Nov 25 2003.

Barker, Peter. Brahe and Rothmann on Atmospheric Refraction. pp43-50. Gerard Simon and Suzanne Debarbat, editors. Optics and Astronomy. Volume XII: Proceedings of the XXth International Congress of History of Science: Liège, 20-26 July 1997. Turnhout: Brepols, 2001. (observatory of Wilhelm IV, 1500s, Joost Burghi instruments)

Barlow, William. The navigators supply. Imprinted at London: By G. Bishop, R. Newbery, and R. Barker, 1597. ('impractical instruments. John Goodwyn, instrument maker.')

Barnard, E.E. The Development of Photography in Astronomy, part 1. Science 8 (#194) (Sept. 16, 1898) 341-353. part 2, Science 8 (#195) (Sept. 23, 1898) 386-395.

Barnard, E.E. Micrometrical Measures of the Ball and Ring System of the Planet Saturn, and Measures of the Diameter of his Satellite Titan, made with the 36-inch Refractor of the Lick Observatory in the year 1895. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 56:4 (Jan. 1896) 166-172.

Barnard, E.E. On the Dimensions of the Planets and Satellites, and on the surface features of some of these bodies. Astronomische Nachrichten 157 (1901) 261-268.

Barnard,E.E. On the Erroneous Results of a Stereoscopic Combination of Photographs of a Comet. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 69 (1909), 624-6

Barnard, E.E. Photographs of the Milky Way and of Comets made with the Six-inch Willard Lens and Crocker Telescope. Publications of the Lick Observatory, Vol. 11, 1913. pp12-14, The Willard Photographic Lens.

Barnard, E.E. Physical & Micrometrical Observations of the Planet Venus. Astrophysical Journal 5 (1897) 299-304,300-301.

(Barnard) Frost, Edwin. Edward Emerson Barnard. Astrophysical Journal 58 (1923) 1-35.

(Barnard) Osterbrock, Donald E. Barnard, Edward Emerson. American National Biography Online Feb. 2000. Oxford University Press. http://www.anb.org/articles/13/13-00085.html Nov 25 2003.

(Barnard) Sandage, Allan. Edward Emerson Barnard (1857-1923) and His Atlas of the Milky Way. http://www.library.gatech.edu/about_us/digital/barnard/sandage.html Oct. 2004

(Barnard) Sowell, James R. The Life and Accomplishments of E.E. Barnard. http://www.library.gatech.edu/about_us/digital/barnard/sowell.html Oct. 2004

Barr, Archibald. Presidential address. Transactions of the Optical Society 26:3 (February 1925) 121-138. (rangefinders)

Barr, E. Scott. Biographical Material in the First One Hundred Volumes of the Astrophysical Journal. Isis 65:4 (Dec. 1974) 513-515.

Barr, E. Scott. Historical Survey of the Early Development of the Infrared Spectral Region. American Journal of Physics 28 (1960) 42-54.

Barr, L., J. Richardson, & K. Shu. Bend-and-Polish Fabrication Techniquess. pp60-67. Proceedings of SPIE 542. Optical Fabrication and Testing Workshop: Large Telescope Optics. ed. Robin S. McDowell. Albuquerque, NM, March 4-8, 1985. Bellingham: SPIE, 1985.

Barr, L., C. Lynds, J. Angel, N. Woolf, T. Mast, & J. Nelson. The 15-meter National New Technology Telescope (NNTT) - The two design concepts. pp37-47. Advanced Technology Optical Telescopes II. Proceedings of SPIE 444. 5-6 September, 1983, London, England. Bellingham: SPIE, 1984.

Barr, L., P. Gillett, & K. Shu. Off-axis parabola fabrication at Kitt Peak National Observatory. pp262-270. Advanced Technology Optical Telescopes II. Proceedings of SPIE 444. 5-6 September, 1983, London, England. Bellingham: SPIE, 1984.

Barr, L.D. Optics for the 15-M National New Technology Telescope. pp68-77. Proceedings of SPIE 542. Optical Fabrication and Testing Workshop: Large Telescope Optics. ed. Robin S. McDowell. Albuquerque, NM, March 4-8, 1985. Bellingham: SPIE, 1985.

Barr, L.D. The U.S. National 8M Telescope Project. Astrophysics and Space Science 160:1-2 (Oct. 1989) 71-85.

Barr, L.D. The U.S. National Large Telescope Project: The NNTT and Others. pp73-92. Very Large Telescopes and their Instrumentation. ed. Marie-Helene Ulrich. ESO Conference, Garching, March 21-24, 1988. Garching: ESO, 1988.

Barrell & Marriner. Liquid Surface Interferometry. Nature 162 (1948) 529-530.

Barrow, Isaac, 1630-1677. Lectiones opticae & geometricae. Londini, 1674. I. B.: 1630-1677. (176 images, Latin)

Barry, Donald. Design of and Studies With a Novel One Meter Multi-Element Spectroscopic Telescope. Dissertation, Georgia State U., 1995. 312pp. MTT

Barth, Michael. Huygens at Work: Annotations in his Rediscovered Personal Copy of Hooke's Micrographia. Annals of Science 52:6 (Nov. 1995) 601-613. (Hooke's wave theory of light. Huygens annotations. Impact of Micrographia. wave theory by I.G. Pardies.)

Bartky, Ian R. Chicago's Dearborn Observatory: a study in survival. Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage 3:2 (2000) 93-114.

Bartky, Ian R., Norman S. Rice, & Christine A. Bain. "An Event Of No Ordinary Interest" - The Inauguration of Albany's Dudley Observatory. Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage 2:1 (1999) 1-20.

Bartlett, James. As the 17th Century Saw Them. Sky & Telescope 7:5 (March 1948) 115-116.

(Bartlett) Zund, Joseph D. Bartlett, William Holms Chambers. American National Biography Online Feb. 2000. Oxford University Press. http://www.anb.org/articles/13/13-00090.html Nov 25 2003.

Baruch, John E.F. An Innovative Telescope Design for CCD Photometry. The Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers 19:1 (1990) 90-93.

Barus, Carl. An Electrodynamometer Using the Vibration Telescope Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Volume 5, Issue 6, pp. 211-217 (Jun. 15, 1919)

Bates, Ralph & Blake McKelvey. Lewis Swift, the Rochester Astronomer. Rochester History 9:1 (Jan. 1947) 1-20. http://www.rochester.lib.ny.us/~rochhist/index.html

Batten, Alan H. A Recent Valuable Acquisition by the Library of the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory. Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 76:6 (1982) 382-391.

Batten, Alan. Erwin Finlay-Freundlich, 1885-1964. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 96 (1985) 33-35.

Battersby, Stephen. Time Warp. New Scientist #2422 (Nov. 22-28, 2003) 30-33. (.pdf)

Baum, R.M. A Barnard Centenary - the Finding of Jupiter-V. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 102:5 (Dec. 1992) 316, 323, 350.

Baum, R.M. The enigmatic ashen light of Venus: an overview. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 110:6 (Dec. 2000) 325-329. Ashen Light, first been reported 1643 by the Jesuit professor of astronomy at Bologna, Giovanni Battista Riccioli.

Baum, R.M. Enigmatic bright objects near the Sun. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 108:5 (Oct. 1998) 277-278. (seeds, insects, snowflakes)

Baum, R.M. Franz von Paula Gruithuisen and the discovery of the polar spots of Venus. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 105:3 (June 1995) 144-147.

Baum, Richard. Historical Note (Lassell observation 'ring' of Neptune. Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 99, no.2, p.77,100 (1989). 04/1989

Baum, R.M. Huth's moving star of 1801-8. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 98:7 (Dec. 1988) 379. (Hofrath Huth, Frankfurt)

Baum, Richard. Incidents in the early history of the colour filter in visual observation. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 111 (2001) 108-109.

Baum, R.M. The Maedler Phenomenon. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 98:6 (Oct. 1988) 293,313. (Venus, Gadbury)

Baum, R.M. The Man who found a City in the Moon. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 102:3 (June 1992) 157-159. (Gruithuisen)

Baum, R.M. Mars - the Red Planet. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 93:5 (Aug. 1983) 212-216.

Baum, R.M. A Matter of Misinformation - G.D. Cassini and the Rotation of Venus. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 102:5 (Oct. 1992) 273, 279.

Baum, R.M. The McEwen-Sargent feature and the mystery of the Venus contour anomaly. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 111:3 (June 2001) 158-160.

Baum, R.M. Mercury - western elongation 1996 October. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 107:2 (April 1997) 63-64.

Baum, R.M. Neptune. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 94:4 (June 1984) 171-173.

Baum, R.M. Neptune Unveiled 1892-1893. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 103:2 (April 1993) 86,95-96. (Harvard Boyden Station at Arequipa, A.E. Douglass)

Baum, R.M. An observation of Mercury and its history. Journal of the British Astronomical Association .107:1 (Feb. 1997) 38. (1995, Johan Warell, Swedish solar telescope at La Palma, 6.5 arcsec; 19C visual observations)

Baum, R.M. The Observing Astronomical Society - birth of a legend. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 108:1 (Feb. 1998) 42-43 (predecessor of the Liverpool Astronomical Society & BAA)

Baum, R.M. Percival Lowell and the Canals of Venus. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 101:2 (April 1991) 106.

Baum, R.M. The Phantom Ring of Neptune. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 99:2 (1989) 77,100. (Lassell)

Baum, R.M. Radar Bright Ice Bright - Firsoff and Ice-Caps on Mercury. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 103:3 (June 1993) 126,139.

Baum, R.M. Ranyard's 1871 Eclipse Enigma. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 100:2 (April 1990) 66,72.

Baum, R.M. Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the Boston tradition. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 110:1 (Feb. 2000) 46-48. (apparent projection of a star onto the moon's disk during occultations)

Baum, R.M. Star-spots of Venus. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 109:3 (June 1999) 115-116.

Baum, R.M. Unusual appearances on Venus. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 110:4 (Aug. 2000) 172.

Baum, R.M. Unusual observations of Venus. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 106:4 (Aug. 1996) 181-182.

Baum, R.M. & Hollis, A.J. Uranus - the View from Earth. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 96: 2 (Feb. 1986) 65-67.

Baum, R.M. Venus at superior conjunction 2000, and the thinnest visible crescent of Mercury. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 110:5 (Oct. 2000) 234-236.

Baum, R.M. Venus: eastern elongation 1990-91. Part I: The polar hoods and circumpolar collars. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 103:4 (Aug. 1993) 171-176. Part II: The illuminated atmosphere and darkside phenomena. 105:5 (Oct. 1995) 216-218.

Baum, R.M. Venus eastern elongation 1993: Ashen light round-up. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 103:4 (Aug. 1993) 156-157.

Baum, R.M. Venus: the enigma of phase-locked cloud structure and the UV syndrome. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 108:4 (Aug. 1998) 216-219.

Baum, R.M. Venus - a mystery unresolved. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 107:6 (Dec. 1997) 336-337. (F.E. Ross, E.C. Slipher, C. Capen, E. Whitaker)

Baum, R.M. Venus 1993: A curious revival. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 103:3 (June 1993) 106-107.

Baum, R.M. Venus: the twilight zone, 1999. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 109:6 (Dec. 1999) 303-304.

Baum, R.M. Visual impressions of fine structure in the Venus clouds. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 111:1 (Feb. 2001) 8.

Baum, Richard. William Lassell and 'the accident of a maid-servant's carelessness', or Why Neptune was not searched for at Starfield. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 106:4 (1996) 217-219.

(Baum) Walker, Merle F., & William A. Baum. Eclipsiana. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 66 (#392) (Oct. 1954) 238-240.

Baum, William A. Image Tubes in Astronomy. Science 154 (#3745) (Oct. 7, 1966) 112-118.

Baum, William A. Omega, Age, and H_0 Implications of Recent Hubble Space Telescope Data in the Coma Cluster. The Astronomical Journal 116:1 (July 1998) 31-36.

Baumgartner, Frederick J. Galileo's French Correspondents. Annals of Science 45:2 (March 1988) 169-182.

(Bausch) Berman, Milton. Bausch, Edward. American National Biography Online Feb. 2000. Oxford University Press. http://www.anb.org/articles/10/10-00110.html Nov 25 2003.

Baustian, W.W. General Philosophy of Mirror Support Systems. Kitt Peak National Observatory Engineering Department, Technical Report No. 7, May 1969. 16pp.

Baxandall, D. Historical exhibits. (19th Annual Exhibition of the Physical and Optical Societies) Journal of Scientific Instruments 6:2 (February 1929) 75-78. (Christopher Cock, Edward Scarlett, Nathaniel Adams, Francis Watkins, Watkins & Smith (Addison Smith), Jeremiah Watkins, J. & W. Watkins, Watkins & Hill, Elliott)

Beach, A. David. KiwiStar: A design system for ultra-fast, high-resolution, broad-spectrum, wide angle catadioptric lenses. SPIE 3130, Lens design, Illumination, and Optomechanical modelling, San Diego, 1997.

Beach, Alice. A New Celestial Camera Surveys the Universe. ASP Leaflet 244 (July 1949) 360-367. (Baade ideas?)

Beals, C.S. Early Days at the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory. Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 62:6 (1968) 298-312.

Beals, C.S. & Ian Halliday. Impact Craters of the Earth and Moon. Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 61 (Oct. 1967) 295-313. (Canadian craters)

Beck, Conrad. An accurate method of ascertaining the position of the focal point of an optical system. Transactions of the Optical Society 28:1 (October 1926) 37-42.

Beck. Conrad. Lenses. Journal of Scientific Instruments 6:2 (February 1929) 40-49.

Beck, Hans G. Wie ich meinem Freund Alfred Jensch zu seinem 80. Geburtstag zu einer besonderen Ehrung verhalf. 15.02.2001 http://www.tls-tautenburg.de/hist/beck.html

Becker, Barbara J. Celestial Spectroscopy: Making Reality Fit the Myth. Science 301 (#5638) (5 Sept. 2003) 1332-1333. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/301/5638/1332 Nov. 2003 (William Huggins)

Becker, Barbara J. Spectroscopy and the Rest of Astrophysics. Instituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Redazione storia della scienza. Roma: Piazza della Enciclopedia Italiana.

Becker, Robert A. Space Physics at the Aerospace Corporation. El Segundo: Aerospace Corp., 1969. (Solar observatory, San Fernando Valley. 24 inch Cassegrain Coude vacuum solar telescope. 6 inch B&C H alpha telescope, Zeiss birefringent filter.)

Beckman, Arnold, W.S. Gallaway, W. Kaye, & W.F. Ulrich. History of spectrophotometry at Beckman Instruments, Inc. Analytical Chemistry 49 (1977) 280A-298A.

Beckman, J.E. & A.F.M. Moorwood. Infrared Astronomy. Reports on Progress in Physics 42 (1979) 87-157.

Beckwith, Steven. Hubble Space Telescope: Technical Specifications. Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics. www.eaa.iop.org November 2000.

Bedford, R.E. & G. Wyszechi. Axial chromatic aberration of the human eye. Journal of the Optical Society of America 47, p564 (1957)

Bedini, Silvio. Along Came a Spider–Spinning Silk For Cross-Hairs, The search for cross-hairs for scientific instrumentation, Part I. American Surveyor 2:2 (March-April 2005).

Bedini, Silvio. Along Came a Spider–Spinning Silk For Cross-Hairs, The search for cross-hairs for scientific instrumentation, Part II. American Surveyor 2:3 (May 2005).

Bedini, Silvio A. Banneker, Benjamin. American National Biography Online. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://www.anb.org/articles/13/13-00081.html Nov. 2004.

Bedini, Silvio. Benjamin Rittenhouse and His Apprentices and Partners. American Surveyor 1:7 (Dec. 2004).

Bedini, S.A. The Galilean Jovilabe. Nuncius 1 (1986), 25-46.

Bedini, Silvio. The Surveyor's Heliotrope, Its Rise & Demise. American Surveyor 1:6 (Nov. 2004).

Bedini, Silvio A. 'That Awfull Stage' (The Search for the State House Yard Observatory). pp155-199. Science and Society in Early America, Essays in Honor of Whitfield J. Bell, Jr. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1986. (first astronomical observatory in American colonies)

Beecher, Dale. The Pioneering Instruments of Orson Pratt. Rittenhouse 17:2 (2003) 107-117.

Beet, E. A. Kew Observatory. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 98:1 (12/1987) 40

Behn, Aphra. The emperor of the moon a farce: as it is acted by Their Majesties servants at the Queens Theatre / written by Mrs. A. Behn. London: Printed by R. Holt for Joseph Knight and Francis Saunders..., 1687. 67pp. (A.B.1640-1689)

Beilby, G.T. Researches on polished surfaces. Transactions of the Optical Society 9 (1907-1908) 22-71. (flow process in polish)

Bell, Trudy E. The Beginnings of American Astronomy. Sky & Telescope 52:1 (July 1976) 26-31.

Bell, Trudy E. Have Telescope, Will Travel, The Origin of U.S. 'Graze-chasing' Expeditions. Griffith Observer 65:7 (July 2001) 3-17, 21.

Bell,Trudy E. Ingenuity in the Moon's Shadow. The Sciences 39:6 (Nov./Dec. 1999) 14-17.

Bell, Trudy E. Quest for the Astronomical Unit. The Bent of Tau Beta Pi 95:3 (Summer 2004) 20-26. http://www.tbp.org/pages/publications/BENTFeatures/BellSu04.pdf (Transit of Venus)

Bell, Trudy E. Towers Reaching to the Skies: the First American Astronomical Society. Griffith Observer, April 1978, pp2-11.

Bell, Trudy E. The Victorian Global Positioning System. The Bent of Tau Beta Pi (Spring 2002) 14-21.

Bell, Trudy E. The Victorian Space Program. The Bent of Tau Beta Pi (Spring 2003) 11-18. (Eclipse expeditions)

Bely, Pierre-Yves. Telescope Engineering. pp3276-3284. Paul Murden, ed. Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Bristol: I.O.P., 2001.

Bely, Pierre-Yves. Telescope Engineering. Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics. www.eaa.iop.org November 2000.

Benedict, George. Astrometry with the Hubble Space Telescope. Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics. www.eaa.iop.org November 2000.

Benn, Chris & Sebastian Sanchez. Scientific Impact of Small Telescopes. pp49-53. Terry D. Oswalt, ed. The Future of Small Telescopes in the New Millennium. Vol. 1, Perceptions, Productivities, and Policies. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2003.

Bennett, A.H. The Development of the Microscope Objective. Journal of the Optical Society of America 33:3 (March 1943) 123-128.

Bennett, J.A. Book review: The Invention of the Telescope, by Albert Van Helden. Isis 70:4 (Dec. 1979) 601-602.

Bennett, J.A. Book review: Measuring the Universe, by Albert Van Helden. Science 232 (#4754) (May 30, 1986) 1153.

Bennett, Jim. Book review: Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope, 1820-1831: The Founding of a Colonial Observatory: Incorporating a Biography of Fearon Fallows; by Brian Warner. Isis 91:1 (March 2000) 159.

Bennett, Jim. Knowing and doing in the sixteenth century: what were instruments for? The British Journal for the History of Science 36:2 (June 2003) 129-150.