Millard South LH – Affirmative – Landmines – At-Large Team

Millard South LH – Affirmative – Landmines – At-Large Team

 

Current landmine policy in the United States focuses on landmines as a security issue, destroying  our ability to prioritize and allocate resources properly because it forces all assistance to be seen in the context of national security instead of public health

 

Kidd 04  Richard Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for Political-Military Affairs  (April 2007, Remarks at the Humanitarian Min/UXO Clearance Technology and Cooperation Workshop http://www.state.gov/t/pm/rls/rm/32774.htm)

 

And, this approach is flawed – Landmines are a substantial public health problem that utilizes large proportions of hospital resources. Even if the military use of landmines ceased, the public health concerns would remain

 

Kakar 95 (Faiz, Dr., Chair of the Stop TB partnership Direct and Indirect consequences of landmines on public health, p. http://www.essex.ac.uk/armedcon/story_id/000344.pdf)

 

Contention Two:  advantages

 

Geiger & Giannou 95  (“Clearing The Fields Solutions to the Global Land Mines Crisis” H. Jack Geiger, M.D., president of Physicians for Human Rights, professor of community medicine @ City University of New York Medical School.; Chris Giannou, M.D., former consultant surgeon International Committee of the Red Cross, Published by Basicbooks and The Council on Foreign Relations New York. 1995, questia pg. 135)

 

McElligott 03 Margaret, assistant managing editor of AllAfrica.com, 12/2/03 (“Africa: Disabled People 'at Significantly Increased Risk' of HIV Infection” AllAfrica.com http://allafrica.com/stories/200312020521.html)

 

And, this thinking results in a politics of genocide that justifies state-sponsored racist violence in order to guarantee normalcy

 

Hughes 02 Bill, Professor of Social Policy at University of Glasgow (Disability Studies Today, 2002, p. 60-2)

 

Advantage Two – the border

 

Landmines uphold state security discourse centered around notions of sovereignty by providing a deterrent to keep “enemies” at bay

 

De Larrinaga & Sjolander 98 (Miguel and Claire T., Asst. Profs. Of PolySci, U of Ottawa, “Re-Presenting Landmines from Protector to Enemy.” To Walk Without Fear: The Global Movement to Ban Landmines, Oxford University Press, 1998)

 

And, the reinforcement of the borders of african states justifies the legacy of colonialism due to their artificial nature, risking the extinction of africa

 

 Mutua 95 (Makau wa, Visiting Professor, Harvard Law School, Director of the Human Rights Center, and Chair o f the Kenya Human Rights Commission, “WHY REDRAW THE MAP OF AFRICA: A Moral and Legal Inquiry,” Michigan Journal of International Law, Summer, 1995, L/N)

 

Advantage Three – Positive Peace

 

Even after the guns have stopped firing, Landmines wait as silent sentinels prepared to kill anyone who passes by, even years after “Peace” has been declared

 

Anderson 95 (“Clearing The Fields Solutions to the Global Land Mines Crisis” Kenneth Anderson director of the Arms Project of Human Rights Watch Published by Basicbooks and The Council on Foreign Relations New York. 1995, questia pg. 17)

 

And, a focus on crisis politics as the sole creation of war-based aggression ignores the violence that occurs in everyday life as a result of war

 

Cuomo 96 (Chris J., Associate Professor of Philosophy and Member of the Women’s Studies Program @ University of Cincinnati, “War Is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence”, Hypatia, Vol. 11, Iss. 4, Fall, Proquest)

 

Thus the plan:

The United States federal government should substantially increase public health assistance to topically designated areas by establishing a comprehensive and integrated health program aimed at prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of landmine injuries in the topically designated areas. Prevention measures will specifically focus on the use of multi-sensor demining technology. We reserve the right to clarify.

 

Contention 3: Solvency

 

First, de-mining as a preventative measure saves lives, reduces medical expenses, increases agricultural output, and reduces psychological trauma

 

Elliot & Harris 01 (Gareth and Geoff, Landmines and De-mining Researcher, South African Institute of International Affairs, Braamfonte in, South Africa; and Professor, School of Economics and Management, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa, “Cost-Benefit Analysis of Landmine Clearance,” Development Southern Africa, Vol. 18, No. 5, December)

 

Specifically,  multi-sensor de-mining is critical to prevent future injuries

 

MacDonald 03 (Jacqueline, member of RAND, Alternatives for Landmine Detection, p. 64)

 

And, bilateral victims assistance gives long term teratment and encourages social reintegration and rehabilitation

 

Fraser 04 Ph.D. Candidate at UC Irvine, (Leah, “Evaluating the impacts of the Ottowa Treaty International Politics and War’s Hidden Legacy, p. 193)

 

Additionally, our discourse acts as the catalyst for a humanitarian counter-discourse against securitized landmines

 

De Larrinaga & Sjolander 98 (Miguel and Claire T., Asst. Profs. Of PolySci, U of Ottawa, “Re-Presenting Landmines from Protector to Enemy.” To Walk Without Fear: The Global Movement to Ban Landmines, Oxford University Press, 1998)

 

And, this specifically solves because humanitarian discourse rejects statism, solves security constructions, delimits rhetorical  arenas, and undermines claims of military utility of landmines

 

De Larrinaga & Sjolander 98 (Miguel and Claire T., Asst. Profs. Of PolySci, U of Ottawa, “Re-Presenting Landmines from Protector to Enemy.” To Walk Without Fear: The Global Movement to Ban Landmines, Oxford University Press, 1998)

 

And, debate offers the key space to interrogate our assumptions about disease in africa. while ideologues on the left and right rush to isolate the cause and produce cures for complex and interrelated issues affecting africa, our plan offers a different focal point for the discussion of public health. experiencing landmines from an epidemiological framework offers the most productive way to move the conversation forward

 

Gruhn 96 Professor of Politics at UC Santa Cruz (Isebill V. Dec. The Journal of Modern Africa Studies. Landmines: An African Tragedy. 34(4) p. JSTOR)

 

Contention Four:  Framework

 

In order to adequately address the issue of landmines within a humanitarian context, we propose that any negation must provide a policy option in the context of human rights rather than political consequences. This is net beneficial for four reasons:

 

2.      Ground – The Negative has an infinite number of options available to them, we only require that they present their argumentation with a specific form of analysis attached to it. Counterplans, Disadvantages, Case Arguments and Kritiks with a policy alternative are all viable options.

 

3.      Topic-Specific Education – Our framework ensures that analysis of the topic is not superficial to body counts, but that the social consequences of public health assistance are evaluated as well. Any other framework only skims the surface of education.

 

4.      Morality – Only a rights-based approach provides a means to evaluate assistance without ceding the debate to politicized implementation – anything less justifies stitting by as genocide occurs – Rwanda and Kosovo prove.

 

Horwood 03 (“Ideological and analytical foundations of mine action: human rights and community impact” Chris Horwood assoc. UN Assistance Mission for Afghanistan Third World Quarterly, Vol 24, No 5, pp 939–954, 2003)