Tv journalism & Programme Formats 1 tv journalism & Programme Formats
THE PROCESS OF TELEVISION JOURNALISM
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| 2.3. THE PROCESS OF TELEVISION JOURNALISM Television journalism consists of the broadcast of either packaged news or live news. A packaged news story is one, which is explored, shot, edited and most importantly, broadcast after the event has happened. Alive news story is one which captures and broadcasts the action of an event as it happens. Depending on whether a journalist is preparing a packaged or alive news story, there is a certain well-defined process to be followed. The processes of packaged news reporting and live news reporting are described below. Packaged News Stories The word package refers to a complete product. In other words, a news package is a story, which has been carefully scripted, shot, edited, and thus given a final shape, which contains all the elements of a finished product. The steps involved in the making of a news package areas follows. The reporter gets information about a potential news story from a source. This source maybe an individual or an organization. Experienced reporters buildup a network of reliable sources overtime, and depend on them for the first vital leads to a story. Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping TV Journalism & Programme Formats 18 2. The reporter then researches the story. For this, he or she may conduct interviews, consult books, magazines, newspapers, the internet and go through relevant documents and archive material. From this process, the full background to the story emerges. After this, the reporter, along with a cameraperson, travels to the various locations, which are relevant to the story. There, the cameraperson shoots visuals and cutaways related to the story, while the reporter speaks to people on the location and explores the story. The cameraperson then shoots interviews of the relevant people by the reporter and also record their soundbites and cutaways. The reporter must ensure that the coverage of the story is balanced and impartial and that all sides to the story are represented. The cameraperson then records one or more PTCs PTC = Piece to Camera) given by the reporter on the location. The PTC is any such recorded clip in which the reporter who is present at the location speaks directly to the camera. Many news stories end with a Closing PTC in which the reporter gives a byline to the story. After this, the reporter and cameraperson return to the office of their organization. The reporter previews the recorded tapes, which means that he or she watches them carefully to identify the shots, interviews and soundbites which are usable. The usable clips are called OK takes, while the unusable ones are called NG takes. OK stands for All Correct, while NG stands for No Good. The OK shots, interviews and soundbites are logged, which means that the reporter prepares a list which mentions each of them along with the time-codes of their in and outpoints. The time code, also called TC, is a numerical code which appears near the bottom of the screen during playback, and which indicates exactly how much of the tape has been played in terms of hours, minutes, seconds and frames. The in point of a clip is the point where it starts, and the outpoint is where it ends. The log sheet is the list of clips along with the time codes of their in and outpoints that is prepared through the process of logging. The reporter then submits the tape or tapes along with the log-sheets to a facility in the news organization called Ingest. Ingest is a technical facility with its own staff. It consists of a server to which various computer terminals in the news channel are connected. The staff in the Ingest facility captures the OK takes mentioned in the log sheets. Capturing is the process whereby the OK shots, interviews and soundbites are copied into the memory of the server. Alternatively, the reporter may seek to capture the OK takes in the memory of an individual computer. The first process is the standard one inmost news channels, since it is a more time saving process. This is because after the tapes have been captured in the memory of a Download 0.93 Mb. Share with your friends:
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