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Access to Medicare and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS)

Table 12

Allocated (a) health expenditure per person by age, sex and burden
of disease chapter, Australia, 2000-01 (A$ per capita)

	0-4	5-14	15-24	25-34	35-44	45-54	55-64	65-74	75-84	85+	Total
Cardiovascular
Male	13	7	17	36	95	262	619	1 301	1 954	2 401	296
Female	9	4	13	41	70	210	426	886	1 595	2 367	272
Neoplasms
Male	25	12	17	25	42	120	277	639	956	1 089	145
Female	19	18	36	68	117	228	299	426	482	497	158
Musculoskeletal
Male	24	42	84	154	187	242	355	500	695	912	204
Female	29	29	77	124	183	276	428	652	1 103	1 987	276
Nervous system
Male	129	62	48	69	82	123	181	453	1 340	3 597	190
Female	95	56	69	87	92	142	189	518	1 769	6 019	322
Injuries
Male	151	160	337	234	172	164	207	295	503	1 051	231
Female	101	131	136	120	125	145	165	298	589	1 183	186
Maternal conditions
Female	8	1	236	535	150	2	0	0	0	0	135
Other causes (c)
Male	1 515	836	821	784	883	1054	1 571	2 502	3 535	5 137	1 224
Female	1 296	1019	1217	1 211	1 267	1 425	1 885	2 674	3 378	4 357	1 559
Total
Male	1 864	1 120	1 325	1 302	1 461	1 965	3 210	5 689	8 983	14 186	2 291
Female	1 556	1 258	1 782	2 186	2 004	2 428	3 391	5 453	8 917	16 411	2 908
Excl. maternal	1 548	1 257	1 546	1 651	1 854	2 426	3 391	5 453	8 917	16 411	2 773

Source: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Health System Expenditure on Disease and Injury in Australia, 2000-01, second edition.

Notes: (a) Health expenditure able to be allocated to disease category was $50.1 billion or 82% of total health expenditure of $60.9 billion;

(b) Age-sex splits of oral health expenditure are preliminary estimates;

(c) “Other causes” includes infectious and parasitic, respiratory, neonatal causes, oral health, diabetes mellitus, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic, mental disorders, digestive system, genitourinary, skin diseases, congenital anomalies, and signs, symptoms, ill-defined conditions and other contact with health system.

Access to Medicare and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS)

58. Limited information is available on Indigenous status of Medicare services recipients. To improve access to the PBS by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in remote areas, special supply arrangements operate under the provisions of Section 100 of the National Health Act 1953. These arrangements provide clients of remote area Aboriginal Health Services with PBS medicines at the time of medical consultation, without the need for a formal prescription form, and without charge. Indigenous access to pharmaceutical services under Medicare is being

progressed through an ongoing communication campaign to encourage Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to enrol in Medicare. From November 2002, Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders have also been able to identify voluntarily as Indigenous on the Medicare database. This Voluntary Indigenous Identifier will improve the data on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s use of pharmaceutical services under Medicare and the PBS.

59. The following table shows the number of medical services accessed through Medicare by males, females and different age groups in Australia between 1998 and 2004.