Writing: line graph introduction give an overview


Give the Detail (body paragraphs)



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Unit 7
3. Give the Detail (body paragraphs)
Tips: - make reference to the data
- group data together where there are patterns

  • You need to identify any similarities and differences (compare and contrast)



Trends

Verb form

Noun Form

Increase

rise / increase / go up / uplift / rocket(ed) / climb / upsurge / soar.

a rise / an increase / an upward trend / a growth

Decrease

fall / decrease / decline / plummet / plunge / drop / reduce

a fall / a decrease / a reduction / a downward trends /a downward tendency / a decline/ a drop

Steadiness

unchanged / level out / remain constant / remain steady / plateau / remain the same / remain stable / remain static

a steadiness/ a plateau / a stability/ a static

Gradual Increase


------------

an upward trend / an upward tendency / a ceiling trend

Gradual decrease


------------

a downward trend / a downward tendency / a descending trend

E.g. The overall sale of the company has increased by 20% at the end of the year.
E.g. The expenditure of the office remained constant for the last 6 months but the profit rose by almost 25%.
E.g. There was a 15% drop in the student enrollment of the University.
E,g.The population of the country remained almost the same as it was 2 years ago.
E.g. The population of these two cities increase significantly in the last two decades and it is predicted that it will remain stable in the next 5 years

Type of Change

Adverb form

Adjective form

Rapid change

dramatically / rapidly / sharply / quickly / hurriedly / speedily / swiftly

dramatic / rapid / sharp / quick / hurried / speedy / swift

Moderate change

moderately / gradually / progressively / sequentially

moderate / gradual / progressive / sequential

Slight change

slightly / slowly / mildly / tediously

slight / slow / mild / tedious


The line graph illustrates the amount of fast food consumed by teenagers in Australia between 1975 and 2000, a period of 25 years.
Overall, the consumption of fish and chips declined over the period, whereas the amount of pizza and hamburgers that were eaten increased.
In 1975, the most popular fast food with Australian teenagers was fish and chips, being eaten 100 times a year. This was higher than pizza and hamburgers, which were consumed approximately 5 times a year. However, apart from a brief rise again from 1980 to 1985, the consumption of fish and chips gradually declined over the 25 year timescale to finish at just under 40 times per year.
In sharp contrast to this, teenagers ate the other two fast foods at much higher levels. Pizza consumption increased gradually until it overtook the consumption of fish and chips in 1990. It then leveled off from 1995 to 2000. The biggest rise was seen in hamburgers, increasing sharply throughout the 1970’s and 1980’s, exceeding that of fish and chips in 1985. It finished at the same level that fish and chips began, with consumption at 100 times a year. 

The given line graph compares the number of books which were read by male and female students at Starmouth School over the period of four years.
Overall, it is clear that the proportion of books read by girls and boys increased considerably during the period.
Though boys read more books than girls in 2009, this figure fell to below the level of girls in 2012.
In 2009, boys read 50 books. This figure was double the number of books read by girls. There was a steady increase of 100 in the number of books that male students read for the next two years, but then this number decreased significantly to 80 in 2012.
In contrast, from 2010 to 2011 the number of books read by female students increased dramatically to 100, and this figure overtook that of male students and finished at140 books in 2012.
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