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ZERO POINT ENERGY that filled the universe would bean enormous source of gravitation -- so enormous that it should reduce the universe to microscopic size. This is clearly not the case. Two linked theories have been proposed to resolve this paradox. If correct, they would constitute a paradigm shift in our view of matter itself. The first theory grew out of a suggestion made by the Russian physicist Andrei Sakharov in 1968 that gravity could originate in the quantum vacuum. Harold
Puthoff published a quantitative,
albeit preliminary, development of this idea in
1989. According to his theory, the zero-point field
would cause charged particles, such as the electron or the quarks inside protons and neutrons, to oscillate. Whenever a charged particle oscillates, it emits electromagnetic waves of its own. These secondary fields would attract other charged particles. If true, this theory would unify gravity with electromagnetism -- an unexpected resolution to the long search fora unified theory. It would neatly answer the general relativity paradox.
In this view, gravitation is caused by secondary fields induced by the zero-point field the zero-point field, in and of itself, cannot produce gravitation. The second theory is our proposed mechanism for inertia. Einstein's principle of equivalence tells us that inertial and gravitational mass are the same. If
gravitation is electromagnetic, inertia must be, too. This implies a complete rethinking of what matter really is. The zero-point field is completely uniform for observers in uniform motion. But it is asymmetric for observers in accelerated motion. In 1994, we and
Puthoff examined a phenomenon no one had thought to investigate before how the magnetic component of the zero-point field interacts with matter during acceleration. The result was surprising, to say the least. The magnetic Lorentz force opposed acceleration with a strength that varied indirect proportion to the magnitude of the acceleration (see figure. It looked like a derivation
of Newtons second law, F=ma, heretofore considered an underivable postulate. What we feel and interpret as mass' is, in this theory, an electromagnetic resistance arising out of the zero-point field. If it is true that mass is a consequence of charge, rather than
an inherent property of matter, it might be possible (in the distant future) to build anti-gravity devices that would switch off the inertia of objects. Are there objections to this theory Certainly. We propose it not as a done-deal, but as anew approach to longstanding, unresolved fundamental problems. There are two major reservations. First, we treated the quantum vacuum as if it were a perfectly real electromagnetic field. The available evidence
on this issue is ambiguous, and more experiments need to be done
-- ranging from laboratory measurements of the Casimir force to astronomical observations of large-scale structure in the universe.