Arha 201: Anatolian Civilizations from 9000 to 500 bc department of Archaeology and History of Art
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ARHA 201: Anatolian Civilizations from 9000 to 500 BC Department of Archaeology and History of Art Fall Semester, 2009 Tuesday-Thursday 12:30-13:45 CAS 216 Office: SOS 266, ayener@ku.edu.tr Office Hours : Tuesday 11:00 – 12:00 Phone: 212 338-1369 Professor Dr. K. Aslıhan Yener Course Description This introductory lecture series focuses on the archaeological heritage of Turkey (ancient Anatolia) from the Palaeolithic period through the pre-classical Iron Age. The archaeological record is presented chronologically and within a broader ancient Near East; but more importantly, material culture is presented as part of continually changing research environments that effect interpretations in history and archaeology. The constant change of ideas through the 20th and 21st century, reorientation of research questions, and reassessments of data greatly influenced our perception of archaeology. A survey of the major theoretical issues will be highlighted such as the recent attempts to understand the roots of agricultural production, the origin of territorial states, and the rise of empires. The core sequences in Anatolia provided by Çayönü/Göbeklitepe, Çatalhöyük, Atchana/Alalakh, Alaca Höyük, Troy, Kültepe/Kanesh and Boğazköy/Hattusha will be used to illustrate the dramatic changes taking place in culture, technology, environment as well as socioeconomic and political trajectories. Recent excavations will be examined as well as better-known sites. Readings and Lectures The readings are listed in the syllabus as required materials. Note that the class will have powerpoint presentations of visual material some of which are not covered by the readings. Therefore it is to your advantage not to miss the class sessions since they will appear on the midterm and finals. Although most of the readings are available in PDF format, you are encouraged to familiarize yourselves with the original hard copy publications of monographs, excavation reports, festschrifts, and periodicals. For this purpose, you are provided with a list of all the series, journals, and periodicals that are relevant to Anatolianists. Xerox copies of these materials can be obtained through the library services. Grade Evaluation for this course will be based on a map assignment, midterm and a final. Graduate students will be given a paper topic in addition to the exams (please see me after class). The grade breakdown is as follows: Attendance and Map Assignments (15 %). The map assignment will require you to locate a list of significant geographical features, archaeological sites for a specific time period. Midterm (40 %) will cover the first 5 weeks of the course material (Paleolithic through the Final (45 %) will second half of the semester (Early Bronze Age through the Phrygian and Urartian Periods). The Midterm and Final will include short identifications, image identification of 5 slides, and short essay questions. General References for AnatoliaNone of these volumes are assigned as textbooks, but the course will make frequent use of some of these monographsAkurgal, E. 2001 The Hattian and Hittite Civilizations. Publications of the Ministry of Culture Art Series, Ankara.
1999 The Kingdom of the Hittites. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 2002 Life and Society in the Hittite World. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
1996 Early Turkey: An Introduction to the Archaeology of Anatolia from Prehistory through the Lydian Period. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque. Yakar, J. 1985 The Later Prehistory of Anatolia. The Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age. Oxford: BAR International Series 268(i). 1991 Prehistoric Anatolia The Neolithic Transformation and the Early Chalcolithic Period. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology 6. 1994 Prehistoric Anatolia The Neolithic Transformation and the Early Chalcolithic Period. Supplement no. 1. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology. 2000 Ethnoarchaeology of Anatolia. Rural Socioeconomy in the Bronze and Iron Ages. Tel Aviv University Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology Monograph Series 17. Jerusalem: Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology.
TAY (Archaeological Settlements of Turkey) Project Database: http://www.tayproject.org/veritabeng.html. Includes d-bases on Palaeolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic, and EBA (Early Bronze Age). Good for bibliographies, maps, and line-drawings TAVO. Beıhefte zum Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients. Nr. 73 Anatolien. (volumes 1- 2 include site inventories and bibliography for Early, Middle, Late Bronze and Iron Ages) Sevin, V. 2003 Eski Anadolu ve Trakya. Baslangicindan Pers Egemenligine Kadar. Atlasli Büyük Uygarliklar Ansiklopedisi. Iletisim Yayinlari, Istanbul. * Turkish version of Facts-on-File series for Anatolia, text only in Turkish; you may consult for images.
Mellink, M. J. 1992 Anatolian Chronology. In Chronologies in Old World Archeology, edited by R.W. Ehrich, pp. 207-220. 3rd edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. [also consult related chronology charts in vol. 2]. The details are not important at this point; pay attention to the general chronological scheme and the mode of reasoning.
Joukowsky, M. S. 1996 Early Turkey: An Introduction to the Archaeology of Anatolia from Prehistory through the Lydian Period. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque. [Read Chapter 2: Palaeolithic and Mesolithic: pp. 51-66]
Özdoğan, M. and N. Başgelen 1999 Neolithic in Turkey. The Cradle of Civilization. Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayinlari, Istanbul. [Read Introduction and skim chapters on Hallan Çemi, Cafer Höyük, and Urfa Region, pp. 13-23, 25-33, 65-86, 87-103] Roberts, Neil. 1998 The Holocene. Second edition. Blackwell, Oxford. [Read pp. 129-154, 160-192] Oct. 8th-Thurs: The first settled communities and early food production strategies in Southeast Turkey (continued). Nevali Çori. New research: Göbekli, Mezraa-Teleilat. Sedentism vs. Mobile, ancestor and mortuary cults. Required readings Schmidt, K. 2000 Göbekli Tepe and the Rock Art of the Near East, TÜBA-AR 3: 1-14
1999 Obsidian: sources, workshops, and trade in central Anatolia. In Neolithic in Turkey, edited by M. Özdogan and N. Basgelen, pp. 133-145. Arkeoloji ve Sanat, Istanbul. Özdoğan, M. and N. Başgelen 1999 Neolithic in Turkey. The Cradle of Civilization. Istanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayinlari. [Read chapter on Aşıklı, pp. 115-132] Oct. 15th Thursday: Pottery Neolithic of Central Anatolia; Sites: Çatal Höyük, “post-processualism” in archaeology - Mellaart to Hodder Required readings Hodder, I. 1996 On the Surface: Çatalhöyük 1993-95. McDonald Institute Monographs. British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara. Oxbow books, Oxford. [Read Introduction, pp. 1- 18] Mellaart, J. 1975 The Neolithic of the Near East. Charles Scribners, New York. [Read pp. 98-111] Redman, C.L. 1978 The Rise of Civilization: From Early Farmers to Urban Society in the Ancient Near East. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco. [Read pp. 182-186] Çatalhöyük project website WEEK 4Oct. 20th Tuesday: Pottery Neolithic of Central Anatolia; Sites: Çatal Höyük continued, Indo-European speakers in Anatolia. Required readings Makkay, J. 1993 Pottery links between Late Neolithic cultures of the NW Pontic and Anatolia, and the origins of the Hittites. Anatolica 19: 117-128 Renfrew, C. 1987 Archaeology and Language: The Puzzle of Indo-European Origins. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Read chapter 7: Early Language Dispersals in Europe
Özdoğan, M. 2005 Westward expansion of the Neolithic way of life: what we know and what we do not know. In How Did Farming Reach Europe? Anatolian –European relations from the second half of the 7th through the first half of the 6th millennium cal. BC, edited by C. Lichter, pp. 13-27. Proceedings of the International Workshop, Istanbul 20-22 May 2004. BYZAS (Veröffentlichungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Istanbul) 2. Ege Yayınları, Istanbul.
1994 Kuruçay Höyük I: Results of the Excavations 1978 – 1988. The Neolithic and Early Chalcolithic Periods. Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, Ankara. [SKIM] French, D. H. 1998 Canhasan Sites I: Stratigraphy and Structures. British Institute of Archaeology, Ankara. [Read Introduction: pp. 1-8, SKIM pp. 19-59] Mellaart, J. 1970 Excavations at Hacilar I-II. Edinburgh. [SKIM sections on Early Chalcolithic, Hacilar I] 1970 Excavations at Hacılar I-II. Edinburgh. [SKIM sections on Neolithic, Hacilar II] 1975 The Neolithic of the Near East. Charles Scribners, New York. [Read pp. 111-119] Suggested readings: David, N. et al 1988 Why pots are decorated. Current Anthropology 29: 365-390. Oct. 29th Thursday (no class) WEEK 6Nov.3rd Tuesday: The roots of complexity, continuation of Late Neolithic into Early and Middle Chalcolithic. The beginning of prestige economies, craft specialization, painted ceramic traditions, emergence of fortified settlements; Introduction to the Halaf. Late Neolithic/Early and Middle Chalcolithic of southeast Anatolia; long-distance trade and prestige economies, Sites: Mersin, Kuruçay, Tell Kurdu, Domuztepe. Required readings Campbell, S. 1998 Problems of Definition: The Origins of the Halaf in North Iraq. In About Subartu: Studies Devoted to Upper Mesopotamia, edited by M. Lebeau, pp. 39-52. Brepols, Belgium. Campbell, S. et al. 1999 Emerging Complexity on the Kahramanmaras Plain, Turkey: The Domuztepe Project, 1995-1997, American Journal of Archaeology 103: 395-418. Joukowsky, M. S. 1996 Early Turkey: An Introduction to the Archaeology of Anatolia from Prehistory through the Lydian Period. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque. [Read pages 127-130] Nov. 5th Thursday: Introduction to the Ubaid; between the neolithic and urbanism; emergence of social stratification. Sites: Değirmentepe, Tell Kurdu Required readings Esin, U.
1989 An Early Trading Center in Eastern Anatolia. In Anatolia and the Ancient Near East. Studies in Honor of Tahsin Özgüç,, edited by K. Emre et al., pp. 135-141. Türk Tarih Kurumu, Ankara. Oates, J. 1993 Trade and Power in the Fifth and Fourth Millennia BC: New Evidence from Northern Mesopotamia. World Archaeology 24(3): 403-422. Özbal, R. et al 2004 Tell Kurdu Excavations 2001. Anatolica 30: 37-107. Yener, K.A. et al 2000 Tell Kurdu Excavations 1999, Anatolica 26: 31-117
1993 Early Bronze Age Tin and the Taurus. American Journal of Archaeology 97(2): 239- 253. Yener, K. A. 2000 The Domestication of Metals: The Rise of Complex Metal Industries in Anatolia. E.J. Brill, Leiden. [Chapters 1 and 2] WEEK 8 Nov. 17th Tuesday: midterm Nov. 19th Thursday: Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (EB I) in southeast Anatolia; Late Uruk expansion; Red-Black Burnished Ware / Early Transcaucasian Wares. Sites: Sos Höyük, Karaz, Pulur, Arslantepe, Tell Judaidah (Amuq); Interpretations of migration, diffusion, colonization, imperialism. Required readings Algaze, G. 2001 The Prehistory of Imperialism: The Case of Uruk Period Mesopotamia, in Mitchell S. Rothman, ed., Uruk Mesopotamia and Its Neighbors. Cross-Cultural Interactions in the Era of State Formation, 27-85. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe. Frangipane, M. et al. 2001 New Symbols of New Power in A “Royal" Tomb from 3000 BC Arslantepe, Malatya (Turkey), Paléorient, vol. 27/2: 105-139. Suggested readings Burney, C. 1989 The Khirbet Kerak Question and the Early Trans-Caucasian Background. In L'urbanisation de la Palestine à l'age du Bronze ancient, edited by P. de Miroschedji, pp. 331-339. BAR International Series 527(ii). British Archaeological Reports, Oxford. WEEK 9 Nov. 24th Tuesday: The Early Bronze Age. Social complexity and hierarchies in north central Anatolia. EBA of the Black Sea; The rise of Anatolian city-states, chiefdoms, city-states, tribal confederacies. Sites: Alacahöyük, Horoztepe, Mahmatlar, Ikiztepe Required readings Akurgal, E. 1998 Classification and chronology of the Hattian and Hittite periods in Anatolian history. In Karatepe’deki Işık: Halet Çambel’e Sunulan Yazılar / Light on Top of the Black Hill: Studies Presented to Halet Çambel, edited by G. Arsebük, M.J. Mellink, and W. Schirmer, pp. 25-33. Ege Yayınları, Istanbul. Joukowsky, M. S. 1996 Early Turkey: An Introduction to the Archaeology of Anatolia from Prehistory through the Lydian Period. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque. [Read Chapter 5: Early Bronze Age, 141-184] Mellink, J. M. 1956 The Royal Tombs at Alaca Hüyük and the Aegean World. In The Aegean and the Near East: Studies presented to Hetty Goldman on the occasion of her seventy-fifth birthday, edited by S. S. Weinberg, pp. 39-58. J.J. Augustin, Locust Valley, NY.
Akurgal, E. 1998 Classification and chronology of the Hattian and Hittite periods in Anatolian history, in G. Arsebük, M.J. Mellink, and W. Schirmer, eds., Karatepe’deki Işık: Halet Çambel’e Sunulan Yazılar / Light on Top of the Black Hill: Studies Presented to Halet Çambel, pp. 25-33. Ege Yayınları, Istanbul. Mellink, M.J. 1993 The Anatolian South-Coast in the Early Bronze Age: The Cilician Perspective. In Between the Rivers and Over the Mountains: Archaeologica Anatolica et Mesopotamica Alba Palmieri Dedicata, edited by M. Frangipane, pp. 495-509. Università di Roma, Rome.
Mellink, M.J. 1989 Anatolian and Foreign Relations of Tarsus in the Early Bronze Age. In Anatolia and the Ancient Near East. Studies in Honor of Tahsin Özgüç,, edited by K. Emre et al., pp. 319-331. Türk Tarih Kurumu, Ankara. 1998 Anatolia and the Bridge from East to West in the Early Bronze Age, TÜBA-AR 1: 1-8 Sahoğlu, V. 2005 The Anatolian Trade Network and the Izmir region during the Early Bronze Age. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 24 (4): 339-361. Dec. 2nd Thursday): End of the third millennium BC; environmental crisis and critical transformations: from centralized urban settlements to ruralism and migration. Reorganisation of landscape and shifts in settlement patterns in late EB II/EB III – MBA Required readings Bryce, T. 1999 The Kingdom of the Hittites. Oxford University Press, Oxford. [Read Chapter I: The Origins of the Hittites, pp. 7-20] Weiss, H. et al. 1993 The Genesis and Collapse of 3rd Millennium North Mesopotamian Civilization, Science 261: 995-1004
Algaze, G. and J. Pournelle 2003 Climatic change, environmental change, and social change at Early Bronze Age Titris Höyük: can correlation and causation. In From Villages to Cities: Early villages in the Near East. Studies Presented to Ufuk Esin, edited by M. Özdoğan, H. Hauptmann, and N. Başgelen, pp. 103-128. Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, Istanbul. Mellaart, J. 1971 Anatolia, c. 2300-l750, Cambridge Ancient History, vol. I, part II, pp. 681-706. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Joukowsky, M. S. 1996 Early Turkey: An Introduction to the Archaeology of Anatolia from Prehistory through the Lydian Period. Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. [Read sections on Kültepe and Acemhöyük, pages 212-228] Veenhof, K. R. 1995 Kanesh: An Assyrian Colony in Anatolia. In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East vol. II, edited by J.M. Sasson et al., 859-871. Charles Schribner’s Sons, New York.
Özgüç, T. 2003 Kültepe Kanish/Nesha: The Earliest International Trade Center and the Oldest Capital City of the Hittites. The Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan. [SKIM sections on Site Layout, Architecture, and Archives]
Bryce, T. 1999 The Kingdom of the Hittites, pp. 21-63. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Woolley, L. 1955 Alalakh. An Account of the Excavations at Tell Atchana in the Hatay, 1937-1949. Society of Antiquaries no 18, London. [Chapters on Level VII palace, Temple sequence, & Level VII City Gate] Yener, K.A. 2005 The Amuq Valley Regional Projects. Vol. I. Surveys in the Plain of Antioch and Orontes Delta from the Years 1995-2002. Oriental Institute Press, Chicago. (Chapter 4 on Alalakh Spatial Organization, pp. 99-113, plates: pp. 114-144)
Lloyd, S. 1978 Palaces of the Second Millennium BC. Anatolia 21: 195-225 Duru, R. [SKIM] 2003 Unutulmus Bir Baskent Tilmen Höyük /A Forgotten Capital City. TURSAB, Istanbul. Yıldırım, T. 2001 New evidence from Anatolia regarding bull-leaping scenes in the art of the Aegean and the Near East. Anatolica 27: 107-126.
Güterbock, H.G. 1997 Bogazköy. In Oxford Encyclopedia of the Ancient Near East vol I, edited by E. Meyers, 333-335. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Seeher, J. 2002 Hattusha Guide: A Day in the Hittite Capital. Ege Yayinlari, Istanbul. [SKIM all, includes Yazilikaya]
Seeher, J. 2006 Chronology in Hattusha: new approaches to an old problem, in D. P. Mielke, U.-D. Schoop, and J. Seeher, Structuring and Dating in Hittite Archaeology, pp. 197-214. Veröffentlichungen des Deutschen Archäologishcen Instituts Istanbul, BYZAS 4. Ege Yayınları, Istanbul. Müller-Karpe, A. 2002 Kuşaklı-Sarissa. In New Perspectives in Hittite Archaeology: Papers in Memory of Hans Guterbock, edited by K.A. Yener and H. Hoffner, 145-156. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake. Süel, A.
2002 Ortaköy-Sapinuwa, in K.A. Yener and H. Hoffner eds., New Perspectives in Hittite Archaeology: Papers in Memory of Hans Guterbock, 157-167. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake. van den Hout, T. n.d. Hittites and Asia Minor. Unpublished manuscript.
Bass, G. F. et al 1989 The Bronze Age Shipwreck at Ulu Burun: 1986 Campaign. American Journal of Archaeology 93(1): 1-29. Woolley, L. 1955 Alalakh. An Account of the Excavations at Tell Atchana in the Hatay, 1937-1949. Society of Antiquaries no 18, London. [SKIM Chapters on Level IV palace, Level IV Temple, & Level III castle]
Gates, M.-H. 2006 Dating the Hittite levels at Kinet Höyük: a revised chronology. In Structuring and dating in Hittite Archaeology, edited by d.P. Mielke, U.D. Schoop, and J. Seeher, pp. 293-309. BYZAS 4. Ege Yayinlari, Istanbul. Houwink ten Cate, P. H. J. 1995 Ethnic diversity and population movement in Anatolia. In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, edited by J. Sasson et al, pp. 259-270. New York. Yener, K. A. 1998 A View from the Amuq in South-Central Turkey: Societies in Transformation in the Second Millennium BC. In The Aegean and the Orient in the Second Millennium: Proceedings of a Conference Held at the University of Cincinnati 18-20 April 1997. edited by E.H. Cline and D. Harris-Cline, Aegaem 18, 366-374. Université de Liège, Liège.
Güterbock, H. G. 1992 Survival of the Hittite Dynasty. In The Crisis Years: The 12th Century B.C.: From Beyond the Danube to the Tigris, edited by W. A. Ward and M. S. Joukowsky, pp. 53-55. Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque. Hawkins, J. D. 1995 Great Kings and Country-Lords at Malatya and Karkamis. In Ancient Near Eastern Studies Presented to Philo H. J. Houwink ten Cate on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday, edited by T. P. J. van den Hout and J. de Roos. (Studio Historiae Ardens, PIHANS 74), 73-85. Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, Istanbul.
Easton, D.F. et al 2002 Troy in Recent Perspective, Anatolian Studies 52: 75 - 109. Gates, C. 1995 Defining Boundaries of a State: The Mycenaeans and their Anatolian Frontier. In Politeia: Society and State in the Aegean Bronze Age, edited by R. Laffineur and W.-D. Neimeier. Proceedings of the 5th International Aegean Conference. Heidelberg, 10-13 April 1994. (Aegaeum Vol 11) Hoffner, H. A., Jr 1992 The Last Days of Khattusha. In The Crisis Years: The 12th Century B.C.: From Beyond the Danube to the Tigris, edited by W. A. Ward and M. S. Joukowsky, 46-52. Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque. Jablonka, P. and C. B. Rose 2004 Late Bronze Age Troy: A response to Frank Kolb, American Journal of Archaeology 108 No.4: 615-630.
Akurgal, E. 2001 The Hattian and Hittite Civilizations. Republic of Turkey, Publications of the Ministry of Culture Art series, Ankara. [Read “Small Kingdoms Period”, “Late Hittites”, pp. 210-270] Duru, R.
2004 Yesemek. The Largest Sculpture Workshop of the Ancient Near East. TURSAB, Istanbul. Suggested readings J.D. Hawkins 1995 Karkamish and Karatepe: Neo-Hittite City-States in North Syria, in J. Sasson et al., eds., Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, volume 2, pp. 1295-1307. New York. Kuhrt, A. 1995 The Ancient Near East c. 3000-330 BC, Vol. II, pp 410-417. London
Urartu and Neo-Assyria. Sites: Tushpa, Ayanis, Altintepe, Giyimli, Ziyaret Tepe. Identifying change and continuity. Required readings Kuhrt, A. 1995 The Ancient Near East c. 3000-330 BC, Vol. II, pp. 562-567 (10b: Phrygia). London 1995 The Ancient Near East c. 3000-330 BC, Vol. II, 548-562 (10a: The kingdom of Urartu). London Sams, K. 1995 Midas of Gordion and the Anatolian Kingdom of Phrygia. In Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, edited by J. Sasson et al, pp. 1147-1159. New Zimansky, P. E. 1995 The Kingdom of Urartu in Eastern Anatolia, in Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, edited by J. Sasson et al, pp. 1135-1146. New York Jan 7th (Final Exam) Directory: etc -> Syllabus etc -> Etchells Fleet 4 Perpetual Trophies etc -> Etchells Fleet 4 Perpetual Trophies etc -> Etc (Eligible Telecommunications Carrier) etc -> Pastor: noun [C] a leader of a Christian group or church, especially one which is Protestant Foyer etc -> The NaTivity Story Scholarship fund judges application Syllabus -> Arha 214: Mythology and Religion etc -> Murray Gudesblat etc -> Director Leslie Reidel Production Designer Download 75.49 Kb. Share with your friends:
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