Automobile engineering
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Two Marks Questions (Part A questions) What are the functions of frame? To withstand shock, vibration, twist, centrifugal force during cornering of the vehicle. To provide space between the components and a member to support main parts of the vehicle. List out the various materials used in the construction of chassis frames. Sheet metal pressings, side member, cross member, sub frame, rivets and weld beads. Write down any two main sections of vehicle construction. Chassis consists of power unit and running unit, and body. Give a classification of I.C engines according to speed? I.C engine are classified according to speed as follows. (1) Low speed engine (2) High speed engine (3) Medium speed engine. What are the methods of cooling of I.C engines? The methods of cooling of I.C engines are as follows. Air cooling Water cooling Evaporation cooling State any two advantage of gas turbine? Gas turbine is smooth in operation and continuous in performance. It does not have any reciprocating part, hence it easy to balance. It is free from vibrations. What do you understand by single cylinder engine and multi cylinder engine? Single cylinder engine consist of a cylinder suitable for less power productions. Multi cylinder engine consist of more than one cylinder suitable for high power productions. What is ‘L’- head engine? In ‘L’-head engine, the inlet and exhaust valves are located side by side and Operated by a single camshaft. What is ‘T’-head engine? In ‘T’-head engine, the inlet valve is located on one side and exhaust valve on the other side of the cylinder. Give important advantage of Wankel rotary engine over reciprocating engine? Wankel rotary engine is smaller in size, lighter in weight and more compact as compared to reciprocating engine. Give main disadvantage of Wankel rotary engine? Main advantage of Wankel rotary engine is higher oil conception per B.H.P. What is firing order? The sequence in which the power impulse occurs in an engine is called the firing order. What is engine displacement? Engine displacement is the total volume displaced by all the pistons of multi cylinder engine, as they move from TDC to BDC position. What is meant by self- propelled vehicle? A vehicle producing power within itself for its propulsion is known as a self-propelled vehicle. Give examples to self-propelled vehicles. Scooters, Mopeds, cars, lorry, bus, aeroplanes, helicopters, etc. What is built by Karl Benz? State its significance. Karl Benz of Germany built a tricycle with an I.C. engine in 1885-86 which was working an Otto cycle. The speed of this engine was 10m.p.h. and produced 8H.P. Which are manufactured by Hindustan motors ltd? They are the manufacturers of Hindustan Ambassador cars, Bedford, Contessa car, Hindustan trucks and Busses in the range of 1 to 7.5 tones, and goods chassis. List the various manufactures of automobile products in India 1.Premier automobiles ltd, Mumbai 2. Hindustan motors ltd, kolkata 3. Standard motor products of India ltd, Chennai. 4. Ashok Leyland ltd, Chennai. 5. Tata engineering and locomotives co. ltd, Mumbai 6. Mahindra and mahindra ltd, Mumbai. 7. Bajaj tempo ltd, Pune etc. Just mention the various products of scooters india ltd. Vijay deluxe, vijay super, lambretta cento 100 scooters are manufactured by them. State any majot types of automobiles according to the fuel used. Petrol vehicles Diesel vehicles Gas vehicles Electric vehicle Solar vehicle What are the types of automobiles with respect to the number of wheels? Two wheelers Four wheelers Three wheelers Six wheelers Classify automobiles with respect to the drive of the vehicle. Left hand drive Right hand drive How automobiles are streamlined based on transmission? Conventional automobiles Semi-conventional automobiles Automatic automobiles Give any four names for the automobiles. Motor vehicles Motor coach Motor wagon Horseless carriage Mention any four requirements of an automobile. 1.It should develop power by itself. 2.The rate of power development must be easily controlled 3.There should be an arrangement to transmit the power developed to the wheels. 4.An arrangement must exist to continue and discontinue power flow to the wheels. How are the requirements of an automobile fulfilled? The rate of power development is controlled by an accelerometer. The power developed by the engine is transmitted to the wheels by transmission system. The gear box is provided for varying or changing the torque. Directional control is maintained through the steering. Describe briefly the machine portion in bullock cart. Machine portion consists of a frame in which wheels are attached through the axle. A yoke is fixed at the front of the frame through which the cart is pulled by the bullocks. Mention the various parts of a car. Generator, Starter, Steering, Clutch, Rear axle, Differential, Universal joint, Wheel, Tires, Body, lamp, etc., What is meant by the term “chassis” It is the main structure os a vehicle which is used to the complex vehicle except the body. A vehicle without body is called a chassis. What are the features of the good clutch? Pick up load without any noise Have capacity to damp out vibration Need least pedal pressure to function Why is multiple clutches sometimes used in heavy vehicles? Multi plate clutch is used to transmit more power by providing more contact area in compact package. What is meant by a wet clutch? A wet clutch is one, which runs oil in which the plates are lined with cork. What is the function of stator in converter? The stator causes the torque converter to multiply the torque when the pump is turning faster than the turbine. What is the function of the free wheel in overdrive? With the free wheeling device, power transmission from the shaft to the output shaft is possible when the sun gear id locked. What is the special feature of differential lubrication? Since the differential gear is operated extreme high pressure and temp and due to whipping action of teeth, a special lubricant called as extreme pressure lubricant is used. What are the components of an automobile? The main units are The Basic structure The power plant The transmission system The auxiliaries The controls The super structure What are the advantages of frameless construction over the conventional framed Construction? Reduced weight and consequent saving in fuel consumption. Lower manufacturing cost During collision the body crumbles, thereby absorbing the shock due to impact and thus providing safety to the passengers. d) Compared to framed construction lower body position may be obtained, thus resulting in increased stability of the automobile. Classify the automobiles based on use. Auto cycles Motor cycles Cars, jeep Buses and trucks Classify the automobiles based on capacity. Heavy transport vehicles Examples trucks and buses Light transport vehicles like cars, jeeps etc. Write the firing order of 4cylinder and 6cylinder I C engines. 4CylinderEngine 1-3-4-2 or 1-4-3-2 6CylinderEngine 1-5-3-6-2-4 What is the difference between dry liners and wet liners? Dry liners Cooling water is not in contact with the dry liner. This type of liner is machined very accurately and pressed into the cylinder block. Wet Liners Cooling water is in contact with the wet liner. The liner is machined only on the inside and outside surface. What is the function of piston rings? Prevention of leakage of gas into the crank case. Prevention of lubricating oil film. Prevention of lubricant entry into the combustion chamber above the piston. Balancing of side thrust of the piston. Name any two materials used for connecting rods. Forged steel Graphite cast iron Define indicated power and brake power. Indicated Power It is the power developed in the cylinder measured by a form of pressure indicator connected to the cylinder head. Brake power It is the useful power available at the crank shaft of the engine for doing external work. What is the function of gasket in an engine? Gasket is used for providing a tight fitting joint between two surfaces. What are the two types of balancing of IC engines? Power Balance Mechanical Balance What are the types of mufflers? Baffle type Wave cancellation Type Resonance Type Absorber type Combined resonance and absorber type. What is meant by over hauling of engines? This is a general process consisting of cleaning, inspection, diagnosis, readjustment, minor replacement, and turning up of engines. What are the disadvantages of gas turbines? There is no engine breaking and acceleration. Since the speed various from 25,000 to 50,000 rpm breaking is not effective. Difficult to obtain an effective transmission speed on road. A high speed self starter with a large battery is required. What are the main sources of automobile pollutants? Fuel tank – Gasoline vapour Carburettor- Gasoline vapour Cranlkcase-Unburnt air fuel mixture blown through the piston rings. Tail pipe- Unburnt Gasoline, Hydrocarbon, Carbon monoxide, etc. What is a particulate matter? Particulate matter is a pollutant of respirable size emitted from vehicular traffic exhaust and it produces respiratory distress and cancer. What is the function of timing gear? The timing gears are responsible for transmission between the crank shaft and the cam shaft. What are the types of valve operating mechanism? There are two types of valve operating mechanism, they are Side valve mechanism Over Head mechanism Mention some of the purpose of I.C. engines. Purpose of testing an I.C. engines are To determine the information, which cannot be obtained by calculations. To confirm the validity of data used in design. To prepare heat balance sheet. What are the steps adopted in overhaul of propeller shaft? Removal of the shaft. Dismantling. Inspection and service. Reassembling Refitting. Classification of automobiles. Automobiles are classified according to: 1.Use 2. fuel 3. Capacity 4. Body style 5 Wheels 6 Make and model 7 Transmission 8. Drive. What is the function of the frame. To support the chasis, components and the body. It offers resistance to deflection due to static and dynamic loads acting on frame. What are the functions of a frame? It support the chasis components installed on vehicle and the body. It also helps to withstand static and dynamic deflection due to load and road conditions better. Why frame is narrow at the front? Frame is narrow at the front to provide latter steering lock, so that turning radius should be small or minimum. Which section of frame offer maximum resistance to Torsion and bending. Frame with X-member provide better resistance to twisting or torsion effect. where as to resist bending moment, frame should have double section frame. What types of components are mounted on the chasis frame? 1.Engine and radiator. 2.Transmission system 3.Suspension system 4.Road wheels 5.Steering system 6. Brakes. What do you under stand by frameless frame? Frameless frame are those frames in which floor is strengthed by cross members and these member is welded together. Some time according to requirement sub members are also used. Name common defects in frames ? What are various types of rear axles. Rivets may be loose or broken. Misalignment of members after accident. Types of Rear Axle : Semi floater, full floater. Explain the method for checking the alignment of chasis frame? Misalignment in vehicle takes place some time due to accident or due to uneven staking of load on vehicle, this is checked by mean of plumb line. What are the advantages of four wheel drive over two wheel drive. Main advantage of four wheel drive is that when front wheel fall into ditch, they can be driven out from ditch by rear wheel power because vehicle is four wheel drived. In plain roads four wheel drive can be changed to 2-wheel drive when not required by transfer beam. By this way fuel efficiency is increased. Four wheel drive is beneficial in hilly areas as well in muddy areas because there is requirement of more power than planes, which is in four wheel drive. Write short note on subframes? In normal vehicle various component are bolted on the main frame. But some time component on vehicle is installed on the subframe which are bolted on the main frame. Subframe provide greater strength, more over it is supported at three points on the main frame. The advantage of subframe is that component bolted on the subframe are isolated from the main frame upon which various types of forces act like twisting bending forces. It reduces the vibration. It also helps to simplify the overhead or repair and increases the production of vehicle in assembly line. Differentiate between the functions of Spring and Shock absorber. The spring support the weight of the vehicle and absorb road shocks. It is of four types coil, leaf spring, air spring and torsion bar. Shock absorbers help control spring action. Different types of shock absorbers are spring assisted, adjustable and air shock absorbers. Write note on layout of automobile vehicle. Layout of Automobile Vehicle. In automotive design the automobile layout describes where on the vehicle the engine and drive wheels are found. Many different combinations of engine location and driven wheels are found in practice. Factors influencing the design choice include cost, complexity, reliability, packaging, weight distribution and the vehicle’s intended handling characteristics. Layouts can roughly be divided into two categories : front- or real-wheel drive. UNIT – II 1) What are the functions of carburetor? a) To keep a small reserve of fuel at a constant head. b) To vaporize the fuel to prepare a homogenous air fuel mixture. c) To supply correct amount of air fuel mixture at the correct strength under all conditions of load and speed of the engine.
a) Carter carburetor b) Zenith carburetor c) S U carburetor d) Solex carburetor e) Solex mikuni carburetor 3) Name the various circuits in Carter carburetor a) Float circuit b) Idle and low speed circuit c) Full throttle d) Part throttle circuit e) Acceleration pump circuit f) Starting circuit
The Injectors are held closed by means of spring and are opened by means of solenoids energized by the control signal from the electronic control unit (ECU).
a) Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor. b) Barometric pressure (BARO) sensor. c) Throttle position sensor (TPS). d) Coolent temperature sensor (CTS).
It consists of a single injector for the entire engine mounted above the throttle butterfly valves, feeding the engine in a manner similar to a convensional carburetor system.
a) Alkaline Battery b) Zinc-air Battery
a) Container. b) Plates c) Separators d) Cell covers e) Electrolyte. 9)What is the material used for battery containers? Polypropylene Bituminous materials
A generator in an automobile supplies the electrical energy for charging the battery in the vehicle. The generator is driven from the engine by means of a belt. .
In multi point injection system a separate injector for each cylinder is mounted in the inlet manifold. The fuel is injected into each intake port on the manifold side of the inlet valve, so that the mixture preparation and distribution is high. By using throttle body and butterfly valve at the intake system, the air flow is metered and controlled.
Cut-out relay is a circuit breaker or an automatic switch which opens and closes between the generator and the battery. Some means are prevent the battery from discharging through generator.
A) Bendix drive a) Standard Bendix drive b)’Folo-thru’ Bendix drive c) Compression spring type Bendix drive d) Rubber spring type Bendix drive B) Overrunning clutch drive C) Dyer drive. 14) NAME VARIOUS TYPES OF STARTING MOTOR SWITCHES a) Manual switch b) Solenoid switch c) Solenoid switch-cum-shift. d) Solenoid shift with relay.
The advantage of solenoid switch compared to the manual is that the heavy current wiring length is reduced and the driver has to operate only a push button or key switch which carries a nominal amount of current only.
The automobile lighting systems consists of head lamps, side, tail, stop and reverse lamps. Apart from these there are instrument panel lights, direction indicator flash lights and the lights inside the body to light up passenger compartment.
a) Spark at the plug electrodes must be regular and synchronously timed with respect to the cylinder-piston position at all speeds and loads on the engine. b) The spark should be sufficiently strong so as to start ignition of the charge. c) It should be light and compact. d) The system must be easy to maintain. e) It should be adaptable to mass production. f) It must not cause radio interference. 18) WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF CONTACT BREAKER? The function of a contact breaker is to make and break the primary ignition system. This is probably the weakest member of an ignition system.
The function of a spark plug is to contact a high potential from the ignition circuit to the combustion chamber and to allow its discharge across an air gap in the spark plug. This initiates the ignition of the compressed air fuel mixture.
A) Rotating armature type B) Rotating magnet type UNIT – III WHAT IS THE NECESSITY OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILE? Variation of resistance to the vehicle motion at various speeds. Variation of tractive effort of the vehicle motion at various speeds. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF A CLUTCH? A mechanism which enables the rotary motion of one shaft to be transmitted, when desired, to a second shaft, the axis of which is coincident with that of the first. WHAT IS “CLUTCH FREE PEDAL PLAY”? When the clutch pedal is pressed, the trust bearing is not pressed immediately. Rather a part of the pedal movement is purposely kept idle. This is done to avoid a rapid wear of the thrust bearing and the clutch plates and is called clutch free pedal play. WHY ARE CONE CLUTCHS BETTER THAN DISC CLUTCHS? Since the cone discs are having large frictional areas and weding action, they can transmit a larger torque than disc clutches with the same outside diameter and actuating force and hence cone clutches are preferred to disc clutches .But usually cone clutches are mainly used in low peripherial speed applications. DEFINE SLIP IN THE CLUTCH. WRITE DOWN THE CAUSES FOR IT. A large amount of heat is generated due to which clutch facings wear out rapidly and even burn out. This is called as slip in the clutch. This may be caused by the following reasons. Incorrect linkage adjustment Weak or broken clutch springs. Worn out facings WHAT ARE THE MAIN COMPONENTS IN FRICTION CLUTCH? Clutch plate Clutch facing Pressure plate Springs Bearing WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY FLUID FLYWHEEL? It is an alternative to clutch, uses fluid for transmitting the torque. It is also called hydraulic coupling. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF A SYNCHRONIZER IN A GEARBOX? It is used for avoids the double declutching.It fitted only on the high gears and on the low and reverse gears ordinary dog clutches are only provided. This is done to reduce the cost. LIST OUT SOME AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION DEVICE. a)Epicyclic gear box b) Multiplate clutches Torque convertor DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TORQUE CONVERTOR AND FLUID FLYWHEEL FLUID FLYWHEEL The fluid flywheel transmits the same torque given to it b y the engine shaft. Stator is not there. Efficiency is low. TORQUE CONVERTOR The torque convertor increases the torque in a ratio of about 2:1 to3:1. Stator is there. Efficiency is high. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF STATOR IN A TORQUE CONVERTOR? Stator is used for avoid the dragging action on the impeller. DEFINE OVER DRIVES.WHAT ARE ITS ADVANTAGES? Overdrive is a device to step up the gear ratio in the car. It is fitted in between transmission and the propeller shaft. DEFINE PROPELLER SHAFT AND LIST OUT VARIOUS PARTS OF PROPELLER SHAFT This is the shaft which transmits the drive from the transmission to the bevel pinion or worm of final drive in front engine rear drive vehicles. It is also called as drive shaft. It consists mainly of three parts Shaft One or Two universal joints Slip joint WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF UNIVERSAL JOINT? It is a special type of joint between two shafts whose axes are inclined to each other. Most common example is the Hook’s joint. LIST OUT VARIOUS STEPS INVOLVED IN THE OVERHAUL OF PROPELLER SHAFT Removal of the shaft from the chassis Dismantling Inspection and service Reassembling Refitting LIST OUT THREE TYPES OF FINAL DRIVES Straight bevel gears Spiral bevel gears Hypoid gears WHAT IS THE NEED FOR A DIFFERENTIAL MECHANISM IN AN AUTOMOBILE? When the vehicle is taking a turn, the outer wheels will have to travel greater distance as compared to the inner wheels in the same time. If therefore, the vehicle has a solid rear axle only and no other device; there will be tendency for the wheels to skid. Hence the wheel skidding is to be avoided, some mechanism must be incorporated in the rear axle, which should reduce the speed of the inner wheels and increase the speed of the outer wheels when taking turn ; it should at the same time keep the speeds of all the wheels same when going straight ahead. LIST OUT VARIOUS FORCES ACTING ON REAR AXLE. Weight of the body Driving thrust Torque reaction Side thrust LIST OUT TWO TYPE OF REAR AXLE DRIVE. Hotchkiss drive Torque tube drive LIST OUT REAR AXLE CASTING Split type Banjo or separate carrier type Salisbury or integral carrier type. What is the function of universal joint? The function of universal joint is to provide relative motion between the engine and the driving wheel. What is the material of clutch facing ? What is the function of Hooke or universal joint. Generally following types of clutch material are used in clutches. Leather Cork Cotton fabric Asbestos etc. Universal Joint (Hooke’s Joint). It is a joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to bend any direction and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion. Why we provide Gear box in a vehicle? Gear box provides the required lenarage variation between the engine of vehicle and road wheels. What do you mean by transmission system? Transmission system consists of clutch, gear box giving different types of ratios of torque output to applied input. The output torque is then transmitted to gear beam and then to differential beam from which it is transfers to in rear wheel if vehicle is in rear wheel drive. It transmits the required torque according to the vehicle drive. So it is a main part without which we cannot imagine variation of speed and torque. For checking vehicle it should be placed on level surface and then suspend plumb line from four different corners. Mark the point on ground. Then check the diagonals of four point marked on ground. It should not be differ by 7 to 8 mm. If difference is more than percribed limit then frame is misaligned. UNIT – IV WHAT IS A DIVIDED WHEEL AND REVERSIBLE WHEEL? REVERSIBLE WHEEL A wheel whose disc can be mounted on either face to provide inset or outset, thus decreasing or increasing the wheel track is called reversible wheel. DIVIDED WHEEL A wheel constructed in two parts, which when securely fastened together combine to form a rim having two fixed flanges is called a divided wheel. WRITE THE FUNCTION OF TYRES To support the vehicle load. To provide cushion against shocks. To transmit driving and braking forces to the road. To provide cornering power for smooth steering. WHAT IS THE ADVANTAGE OF TUBELESS TYRE? Lesser unstrung weight Better cooling Slower leakage of air Simpler assembly Improved safety WHAT IS THE FACTORE AFFECTING TYRE LIFE? Inflation Vehicle maintenance c)Manner of driving Miscellaneous factors LIST OUT TYPE OF STUB AXLES. Elliot type Reversed Elliot type Lamoine type Reversed Lamoine type DEFINE CAMBER. CAMBER Camber is the tilt of the car wheels from the vertical. Camber is positive if the tilt is outward at the top. Camber is also called wheel rake. DEFINE CASTOR AND TOE IN. CASTOR The angle between the king pin centre line and the vertical in the plane of the wheel is called the caster angle. TOE IN Toe in is the amount by which the front wheels are set closer together at the front than at the rear when the vehicle is stationary, i.e. toe in=B-A. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENT TYPE OF STEERING GEARS? Worm and wheel steering gear Cam and double roller steering gear Worm and nut steering gear Recirculating ball type steering gear Rack and pinion steering gear DEFINE STEERING RATIO. It is the ratio of the angle turned by the steering wheel to the corresponding turning angles of the stub axle. The steering ratio generally used with the present day steering gears vary from about 12:1 for cars to about 35:1for heavy vehicles. WHAT IS POWER STEERING? Large amount of torque is required to be applied by the driver for steering medium and heavy vehicles. The power steering system provides automatic hydraulic assistance to the turning effort applied to the manual steering system. WHAT IS THE ADVANTAGE OF ELECTRONIC POWER STEERING OVER HYDRAULIC POWER STEERING? No problem of leakage of fluid. Energy being consumed only while steering. Steering assistance available even when the engine is not running. While steering manually lesser force is required compared to a hydraulic system since there is no fluid to be forced through valves. WHAT IS OBJECTIVE OF VEHICLE SUSPENSION? To prevent the road shocks from being transmitted to the vehicle components. To safeguard the occupants from road shocks. To preserve the stability of the vehicle in pitching or rolling, while in motion. WHAT IS THE TYPE OF SUSPENSION SPRING? A)Steel spring Leaf spring b) Tapered leaf spring c) Coil spring d) Torsion spring B) Rubber spring Compression spring b) Compression- shear spring c) Steel-reinforced spring d)Progressive shear spring Face shear spring f)Torsional shear spring C) Plastic spring D) Air spring E) Hydraulic spring WHAT IS MATERIAL USED FOR LEAF SPRINGS? Chrome- Vanadium steel Silico_Manganese steel Carbon steel WHAT IS THE ADVANTAGE OF RUBBER SPRING? It can store greater energy per unit weight than the steel. The rubber has excellent vibration damping properties. The absence of squeaking which is always present in steel springs. The number of bearings is reduced considerably for the rubber suspension system. Rubber is more reliable. A rubber suspension cannot suddenly fail like the metal springs. WRITE DIFFERENT TYPE OF FRONT WHEEL INDEPENDENT SUSPENSION. Wishbone type or parallel link type Mav pherson strut type Vertical guide type Trailing link type Swinging half-axle type WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF A BRAKE? Break is a mechanical device by means of which motion of a body is retarded for slowing down or to bring it to rest, by applying artificial frictional resistance. WRITE DOWN ANY TWO ADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC BRAKE OVER MECHANICAL BREAK SYSTEM. The fluid exerts equal pressure everywhere in its circuit. For this reason equal breaking effort is obtained at all the four wheels. The system is simple in construction. Due to absence of joints compared to mechanical brakes, rate of wear is also less. The system is mostly self-lubricating. WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERTISTICS OF BRAKE FLUID? Boiling point Viscosity Lubrication properties Effect on rubber Corrosive action Storage stability DEFINE AIR BRAKES In air brake, the compressed air is used to apply brakes instead of hydraulic pressure. Air brake is commonly used on heavy vehicle, like trucks, buses etc. Name distinct types of suspension system. Conventional system : In this system springs are attached to a rigid beam Independent system : In this each wheel is free to move vertically without any reaction on the other wheel and there is no rigid axle beam. UNIT – V 1) What are the general compositions for natural gas? Methane : 85-90% Ethane : 5-7% Propane : 2 % Carbon dioxide: 3-5% Others : 1% 2) What are the physical properties of natural gas? Colourless, Odourless, Non-toxic, Lighter than air. 3) What is the need for CNG? a. Rising urban pollution. b. Rising global concern for environment. c. Rising vehicle pollution. 4) What are the constraints in natural gas? a. Gas availability. b. Availability of CNG equipment. c. Pipeline network infrastructure. d. Competition from other fuels.
a. Mother-Daughter concept. b. On-line station concept.
a. Natural gas provides clean burning characteristics. b. Natural gas does not saturate flammable materials. c. The explosive limit of natural gas mixture is higher than air-diesel mixture. 7) What are the components of LPG pipeline? a. Vapourizer b. Regulator c. Safety valve d. Mixer e. Fuel line 8) What are the methods for using hydrogen into the cylinder? a. by manifold connection. b. by direct injection of hydrogen. c. by supplementation to gasoline. 9) What are components of an electric vehicle? a. Motor. b. Power pack. c. Onboard charger. d. Motor controller. e. Energy management. f. Regenerative braking.
a. Maintenance cost is low. b. Vibration free operation c. Lighter in weight. 11) Mention the classification of Hybrid vehicles? a. Series Hybrid. b. Parallel Hybrid.
a. Electric motor. b. Generator. c. Direct injection gasoline. 13) What is the appropriate ratio of bio diesel and regular diesel in automobiles? 1(bio diesel) : 3(diesel) 14) WHAT IS MEANT BY A FUEL CELL? A fuel cell is a device that harnesses the energy produced during the electro chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The products are water and electricity.
a) Depletion of conventional types of fuels leading to energy crisis. b) Low emission required to make a car economic friendly. c) To attain certain standards of emission control. 16) LIST OUT FUEL CELL GASES a) Oxygen b) Hydrogen
a) The fuel cell has low emission of pollutants. b) The oxygen air bags are varying useful for the passenger. c) The fuel cell prevents the depletion of the fossil fuels. d) The CO2 exhaled by the passenger is also removed. f) More efficient than IC engine. 18) WHAT IS THE REQUIREMENTS OF HYBRID VEHICLE? a) Increased fuel efficiency b) Reduced emissions c) Increased acceleration capacity d) Reduced noise emission
The engine runs a motor directly and also charges a battery. Thus the motor thus drives the vehicle always. The motor can also be used for regenerating braking.
a) An electric motor b) A generator c) Direct injection gasoline engine. Download 137.17 Kb. Share with your friends:
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