Compiled by Colby B. Rucker Preface: Use of Copyrighted Material

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A Survey of the Vascular Flora of Anne Arundel County

A Survey of the Vascular Flora of Anne Arundel County

Compiled by Colby B. Rucker

Preface: Use of Copyrighted Material

It should be noted that the following survey of the flora of Anne Arundel County was compiled from many sources. If assembled for my own information and enjoyment, there is no concern regarding information extracted from copyrighted material. Material produced by government agencies is largely in the public domain, as is all material printed before 1924 (as of 2002). While some limited use (with proper acknowledgement) of newer material may be acceptable, the more extensive use or distribution of most newer material would probably require permission.
Gray 1867, Britton 1901, Waters 1905, Robinson & Fernald 1908, Shreve 1910, Britton & Brown 1913, and Sargent 1922 are no longer covered by copyright. The section on ferns draws on several sources: Lellinger is quoted 39 times, Redman 64 times, and Reed 30. Brown & Brown 1972 and 1984 have been quoted 792 times regarding habitat, distribution and frequency; Strausbaugh & Core have been quoted 28 times.
Checklists include Stieber 1967, 1971; Higman 1977; Sipple 1978; and Sipple & Klockner 1980, 1984. Some of Stieber’s findings were gleaned from public herbaria, and some from his own field work; any distinction is uncertain, and connections with public entities may place much of this material in the public domain.
A thorough survey of the county flora cannot be made without including some copyrighted material. Therefore, it seems best to determine what material is essential, and obtain permission.

A Survey of the Vascular Flora of Anne Arundel County

Division Pteridophyta

Class Lycopsida

Order Lycopodiales

1. Lycopodiaceae (Club-moss Family)

1. Lycopodium clavatum L. 1753 Shr.390, B&B.5

(Running Clubmoss, Running Pine).

Somewhat resembles L. lucidulum.

Habitat: "Dry woods" (Gray 1867). "On exposed rocks and in dry forests" (Shreve et al 1910). "On exposed rocks, mesophytic forests, and in sandy [Coastal Plain] woods" (Reed 1953). "Dry to moist sandy woods and road banks" (Brown & Brown 1984). "Open sandy woods" (Redman 1991).

Frequency: This is a northern species found in the mountains southward to N.C.; it does not intrude far onto the Md. Coastal Plain. "Midland and Mountain Zones; rare" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common in Garrett Co., less so elsewhere" (Brown & Brown 1984). "Frequent in Garrett County, occasional in Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Cecil, Harford, Montgomery, and Prince George's Counties" (Redman 1991). Also Allegany County (Reed 1953).

Records: "A little of this clubmoss occurs in a damp hollow near Millersville" (A. V. Smith, 1940). Found 2.9 mi. SW of Odenton post office, floodplain of Little Patuxent River 10/25/1970 by D. Bystrak (See Hill & Riefner 1982). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary 5/1/1992 (Sipple 1993). "W" Section, Fort Meade (Longbottom, 1993).

2. Lycopodium dendroideum Michx. 1803

[Lycopodium obscurum L. var.

dendroideum (Michx.) D. C. Eaton ex A. Gray 1890] B&B.5

(Round-branch Ground-pine).

Habitat: "Moist woods" (Gray 1967). "In open forests, in freshwater slow moving places, as ponds, bogs, and the like, and in rocky places" (Reed 1953). "Terrestrial in moist to rather dry woods, mossy barrens, rocky or sandy areas, and bogs in poor, acid soil" (Lellinger 1985). "Mesic woods on loamy soils" (Redman 1991).

Frequency: Apparently a northern variety found above the Fall Line to North Carolina. "Occasional in Anne Arundel, Frederick, Howard, and Prince George's Counties" (Redman 1991). Also Montgomery County (Reed 1953).

Records: Glen Burnie, at Sawmill Pond 7/18/1894, C. E. Waters (US) (Stieber 1967). One upper-county station (probably Waters') mapped by Reed 1953.

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

3. Lycopodium digitatum Dillen. ex A. Braun

[Lycopodium flabelliforme (Fernald) Blanchard 1911] B&B.5

(Lycopodium complanatum L. var. flabelliforme Fernald 1901)

As Lycopodium complanatum L., without variety Shr.390

(Running Cedar, Crows-foot, Groundpine, Ground Cedar, Christmas-green, Fan Clubmoss).

Habitat: "Woods and thickets" (Gray 1867, Britton 1901). "Damp or dry forests, in thickets and on moist open slopes" (Reed 1953). "Dry woods and open areas" (Brown & Brown 1984). Rich and mossy, slightly acidic dry forests, especially under decadent Virginia pines.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common in dry woods, abandoned fields, and occasional on open slopes in all counties and D. C." (Redman 1991). Once common locally, and collected for Christmas greens. Now disappearing from many areas, due to residential development.

Records: Three county stations mapped by Reed 1953. Java Farm; locally moderately abundant on north & west shaded slopes, infrequent in moist hardwood forest west of Muddy Creek, Higman 489 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Bacon Ridge Park, Beachwood Park, Downs Park, Jacobsville Park, Governors Bridge gravel pits, Patuxent Community Pond, Rieves Pond, "W" Section of Fort Meade (Longbottom 1991, 1993). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Benfield Blvd. at Rt. 3, 3/26/1991; Severn Run behind Millersville Post Office 12/21/1991; pond near Shipley's Choice 5/17/1992 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (scarce, Berry property). Road to water tower near Arnold Elementary. Brewer Creek watershed (Sherwood Forest woods). Severn Run Natural Environmental Area. Belvoir (cutover woods between house & BG&E r/w). Whitehall Creek (dam of Gov. Sharpe's millpond). Central School (plentiful between Rts. 214 & 2). Corcoran tract at Sandy Point 6/18/1988. Cattail Creek watershed: near Oak Hill Pond 3/17/1990. Community College woods, 9/8/1990. Elliott property, Bell Branch Road June 1991. Mill Creek (McCann property) 6/12/1993.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).

4. Lycopodium inundatum L. var. bigelovii Tuckerm. 1843.

(Lycopodium inundatum var. adpressum Chapm. 1883)

[Lycopodium adpressum (Chapm.) Lloyd & Underw. 1900]

(Lycopodium chapmanii Underw. ex Maxon 1901)

as Lycopodium inundatum L., without variety: Shr.390, B&B.3

(Southern Bog Clubmoss, Chapman's Clubmoss).

Not to be confused with L. inundatum var. inundatum, the northern bog clubmoss, a rare plant of Garrett County.

Habitat: "Sandy bogs" (Gray 1867, Britton 1901). "In bogs, sandy swamps and open situations with moist sandy soil" (Shreve et al 1910). "Moist banks and borders of swamps" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Terrestrial in bogs, on shores of ponds, streambanks, and in meadows, in peaty, sandy, or occasionally clayey, highly acid soils that sometimes are periodically inundated" (Lellinger 1985).

Frequency: Coastal Zone; infrequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Mapped from Anne Arundel, Dorchester, Kent, Prince George's, Wicomico, and Worcester Counties (Reed 1953).

Records: Glen Burnie, open boggy areas, also at Sawmill Pond 10/1/1894, 9/2/1895, C. E. Waters (US) (Stieber 1967). Bog at Glenburnie (As L. adpressum; C. E. Waters 1905). Bog at Glenburnie (As L. inundatum L.; M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910, p. 185). "Severna, at a beach swamp 8/16/1927, E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). Three stations (upper half of county) mapped by Reed 1953. Governors Bridge gravel pits (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Forked Creek: Calvin Gray property, on low flat clay of an

abandoned mining pit at Blue Lake by D. D. Boone & Rucker 1/3/1986.

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

5. Lycopodium lucidulum Michx. 1803 Shr.390, B&B.3

(Shining Clubmoss).

Habitat: "Cold damp woods" (Gray 1867, Britton 1901). "In moist forests, preferring rocky slopes" (Shreve et al 1910). "Damp shady woods and on damp sandstone" (Reed 1953). "Terrestrial in cool, wet woods, on stream banks, and at swamp margins in rich, humusy, subacid soil" (Lellinger 1985).

Frequency: "Frequent in the Midland and Mountain Zones; rare in the Coastal Zone" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common, particularly in Garrett County; rare Coastal" (Brown & Brown 1984). "Common above the Fall Line in damp or wet woods in rich humus soils, and occasional on the Coastal Plain in forested wetlands. Known from all counties except Calvert, Charles, Dorchester, and St. Mary's" (Redman 1991). Mapped from all counties except Somerset (Reed 1953).

Records: One station (north county) mapped by Reed 1953. Java Farm & Contee Farm, infrequent in same habitat as L. complanatum, especially along old Contees Wharf Road, Higman 1363 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Bacon Ridge Park (Longbottom 1993).

Sightings:, Maynadier Creek watershed: plentiful on slope near Round Bay Bog. Brewer Creek watershed: fairly plentiful in Sherwood Forest woods. Brewer Pond watershed: Sahlin's farm - a few plants in ravine near farm road 9/9/1995. Chase Creek watershed: Rucker's woods at Ridgeway East (one plant ca. 1990); Frantum's ravine (one plant ca. 1958); Berry's woods (north-facing slope of Rowles Valley 3/14/1992, & May 2000). Near A. A. Community College by David H. Williams 1987. Rays Pond watershed: dam of Iliff's Pond 1991, & April 2000. Dividing Creek watershed: one plant above RR r/w 3/12/1988.

Herbaria: CBC.

6. Lycopodium obscurum L. 1753 Shr.390, B&B.5

(Flat-branch Groundpine, Tree Clubmoss, Princess-pine, Ground-pine).

Habitat: "Moist woods" (Gray 1867, Britton 1901). "In dry forests"

(Shreve et al 1910). "In moist woods and on shaded rocky slopes" (Reed 1953). "Mesic woods on loamy soils" (Redman 1991). Mossy bottomland advancing from side-swales onto wooded floodplains.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; infrequent" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common in all Maryland counties" (Redman 1991).

Records: Glen Burnie, rich woods 7/18/1894, C. E. Waters (US) (Stieber 1967). Patuxent 6/6/1905, H. D. House (US) (Stieber 1967). About eight stations mapped by Reed 1953. Waysons Corner, damp woods March 1966, Steiber 1 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Patuxent Community Pond, moist woods 9/23/1966, Steiber 2 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Beachwood Park, Downs Park, Jacobsville Park, Lake Waterford Park, Rieves Pond (Longbottom 1991, 1993). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Pond near Shipley's Choice 5/17/1992 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings: Maynadier Creek watershed, near Round Bay Bog. Severn Run

Environmental Area. Forked Creek watershed (Calvin Gray property near Blue Lake). Chase Creek watershed (above Rucker's Pond - sparse, no strobiles, rapidly declining). Floodplain of Indian Creek Branch. Upper Sewell Spring Branch. Brewer Pond watershed. Hopkins Creek floodplain. Mill Creek (H. Scott McCann property) 6/12/1993. Corcoran tract at Sandy Point 6/18/1988. Lower Plum/Gumbottom Branch 10/15/1988. Truxtun Park. N. side Marley Creek Branch 3/1990.

Herbaria: US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

Order Selaginellales

2. Selaginellaceae (Spike-moss Family)

7. Selaginella apoda (L.) Spring 1840

[Selaginella apoda (L.) Fernald 1915] B&B.8

[Selaginella apoda](L.) Morren]

[Selaginella apus (L.) Spring 1840] Shr.390

(Lycopodium apodum L. 1753)

(Meadow Spike-moss, Creeping Selaginella, Basket Selaginella).

"A delicate little plant, resembling a moss..." (Gray 1867). Light green prostrate creeping annual, stems 1-4 in. long, leaves minute, entire, acute, in two planes.

Habitat: "Low, shady places" (Gray 1867). "In moist shaded places, often among grass" (Britton 1901). "On the ground among grasses in moist open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). "In mud and in damp places, as meadows and swamps, weedy places and lawns" (Reed 1953). "Wet lawns, fields and stream banks" (Brown & Brown 1984). "Terrestrial in swamps, meadows, pastures, damp lawns, light woods, and stream banks, in neutral to subacid soil, or rarely on rocks" (Lellinger 1985). "In damp areas of woodlands, meadows, rocks, rotting logs, and lawns" (Redman 1991).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "Frequent in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont regions" (Reed 1953). "Frequent" (Redman 1991). Very common, but easily overlooked, and little known locally.

Records: Two stations (NE county) mapped by Reed 1953.

Sightings: Senate Bldg., Annapolis, stairwell, on wet bricks 6/4/1993. Chase Creek watershed, in lawn, and mossy bricks, Lot 706, 6/8/1993. Brewer Pond watershed: Sahlin property (north-facing bank along farm road 9/9/95).

Class Sphenopsida

Order Equisetales

3. Equisetaceae (Horsetail Family)

8. Equisetum arvense L. 1753. Shr.389, B&B.1

(Field Horsetail, Common Horsetail).

Habitat: "Moist, especially gravelly soil" (Gray 1867). "In sandy soil, especially along roadsides and railways" (Britton 1901). "Moist forests and moist open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). "Terrestrial in damp woods, meadows, swamps, on stream banks, and along railroad tracks and roadsides, often in disturbed ground in subacid soil" (Lellinger 1985). "In disturbed sandy, or less often, clay soils, in open woods, meadows, and along streambanks, roadsides and railroad tracks" (Redman 1991).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "The commonest of the horsetails in our region" (Reed 1953). "A weed...injurious to horses and cattle" (Jaques 1959). "Abundant; all counties, Baltimore City, and D. C." (Redman 1991).

Records: About nine stations (county-wide) mapped by Reed 1953. Java Farm, solitary in rubble (site now destroyed); Mill Swamp, locally moderately abundant on stream banks; Higman 752, 1370 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Picture Spring Branch: Nevamar Pond (Ecological Analysts 1983.) Beachwood Park, Poplar Ridge Park (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed; near road to Ruckers Pond ca. 1972, and Iliff's Ravine ca. 1980. Small tributary of Jabez Branch at Hog Farm Road. Roadside of 648 south of Old Man Creek. Cypress Creek watershed (between Rt. 2 & upper cedar swamp). Mill Creek above Rt. 50 at old bridge crossing embankment. Mill Creek near Shottown Road stream crossing ca. 1986. Mill Creek near beaver dam below Rt. 50.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).

9. Equisetum hyemale L. var. affine (Engelm.) A. A. Eaton 1903

[Equisetum hyemale L. var. pseudohyemale (Farw.) Morton]

as Equisetum hyemale L., without variety Shr.390, B&B.1

(American Scouring-Rush, Tall Horsetail).

Habitat: "Wet banks" (Gray 1867). "In wet places and on banks, especially along rivers and lakes" (Britton 1901). "Moist forests, thickets and open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). "Forming dense masses in woods and in open ground along streams, along the alluvial banks of rivers and mud flats and railroad embankments" (Reed 1953). "Terrestrial in woods, fields, swamps, roadsides, riverbanks, and railroad embankments, in moist, circumneutral, often disturbed soil" (Lellinger 1985). "In sandy woods and on alluvial flats" (Redman 1991).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "Frequent; in all counties and D. C. except Dorchester, Somerset, Wicomico, and Worcester" (Redman 1991). Rarely seen in Anne Arundel Co.

Records: Two stations (upper county) mapped by Reed 1953.

Sightings: South River watershed: abundant near electric substation on Harness Creek Road (Williams, pc).

Class Filicopsida

Order Ophioglossales

4. Ophioglossaceae (Adder's-tongue or Grapefern Family)

10. Botrychium dissectum var. typicum Clausen 1938

(Botrychium ternatum var. dissectum D. C. Eaton 1878)

(Botrychium dissectum Spreng. 1804) Shr.386, B&B.12

(Botrychium lunarioides Swartz var. dissectum)

(Cutleaf Grapefern, Lace-frond Grapefern). Evergreen.

Habitat: "In low woods and thickets or wooded slopes" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Terrestrial in moist to rather dry woods, swamps, and pastures or old fields, commonly under somewhat disturbed conditions" (Lellinger 1985). "In woods, thickets, and overgrown fields" (Redman 1991).

Frequency: Common throughout" (Brown & Brown 1984). "Abundant; in all counties and D. C." (Redman 1991).

Records: Three stations (county-wide) mapped by Reed 1953. Java Farm, infrequent in mature hardwood forest west of Muddy Creek; Ivy Neck, moderately abundant in hardwood forest of Scaffold Peninsula, Higman 1241 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Fishing Creek Farm (Williams 1986). Downs Park, Jacobsville Park, Rieves Pond (As B. dissectum; Longbottom 1991, 1993). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (As B. dissectum; Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker's Ravine. Berry's Woods 4/1/1990). Mill Creek (McCann property). Cattail Creek watershed: near Oak Hill Pond 3/17/1990. Ravine N. of Manresa (excellent site, largely destroyed by road construction). Hock tract 11/16/1991.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).

11. Botrychium dissectum forma obliquum (Muhl.) Fernald 1921. B&B.12

[Sceptridium obliquum (Muhl.) Lyon 1905]

[Botrychium dissectum var. obliquum (Muhl.) Clute 1902]

(Botrychium ternatum var. obliquum D. C. Eaton 1878)

(Botrichium obliquum Muhl. 1805)

(Botrychium lunarioides Swartz var. obliquum)

(Common Grapefern, Ternate Grapefern, Blunt-leaved Grapefern). Evergreen.

Habitat: "In moist woods and thickets, or open slopes" (Britton & Brown 1913).

Frequency: The most common form of the Grape Fern" (Reed 1953). "Frequent throughout" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: Eight stations (county-wide) mapped by Reed 1953. Magothy River swamp, thicket along the stream" 8/18/1960, N. Hotchkiss & E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, infrequent in mature hardwood forest west of Muddy Creek; Ivy Neck, solitary in mature pine stand on Cheston Peninsula; Higman 1101, 1102 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Brewer Pond 4/16/1983 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker's Ravine. Berry's Woods 4/1/1990). Sewell Spring Branch (at old house ruins near river). Truxtun Park. Lower Plum/Gumbottom Branch 10/15/1988. Near Oak Hill Pond 3/17/1990. Hock tract 11/16/1991.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 197l).

12. Botrychium dissectum var. tenuifolium (Underwood) Farwell 1924. B&B: unlisted

[Botrychium obliquum var. tenuifolium (Underw.) Gilbert]

(Thin-leaved Grapefern, Southern Grapefern).

Evergreen.

Frequency: "Known...in Talbot, Dorchester, Wicomico and Worcester Counties. Rare in other places in the Coastal area." (Reed 1953).

Records: Two stations (southern half of county) mapped by Reed 1953.

13. Botrychium matricariifolium A. Braun ex Koch 1845.

(Botrychium matricariaefolium A. Braun ex Koch 1845 Shr.386, B&B.10

(Botrychium neglectum Wood 1847)

(Matricary Grapefern, Wood's Grape Fern, Daisy-leaved Moonwort)

Habitat: "In grassy woods and swamps" (Britton 1901). "Humus-rich soils in damp shady woods and thickets" (Reed 1953). "Dry to moist soil of woods and thickets, sometimes in open areas" (Brown & Brown 1984). "Terrestrial in woods, thickets, and rarely in pastures, in rich, subacid or circumneutral soil" (Lellinger 1985).

Frequency: "Baltimore County & W-B area; infrequent" (Brown & Brown 1984). "Rare on rich soils in thickets and shaded woods in Anne Arundel, Howard, Montgomery, and Prince George's Counties, and in meadows in Garrett County." (Redman 1991).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State Declining). 1991: Watchlist. 1994: S3 Watchlist.

Records: Two county stations mapped by Reed 1953.

14. Botrychium virginianum (L.) Swartz 1801 Shr.386, B&B.12

(Osmunda virginiana L. 1753)

(Botrychium virginicum Swartz)

Rattlesnake Fern; Virginia Grapefern). Not evergreen.

Habitat: "Rich woods" (Gray 1867, Britton 1901). "Rich, well drained, wooded areas" (Brown & Brown 1984). "Terrestrial in thickets and deciduous woods in rich, circumneutral to subacid soil" (Lellinger 1985).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common throughout the state in moist woods and occasional in thickets, all counties, Baltimore City, and D.C." (Redman 1991).

Records: Magothy River 5/31/1876, John Donnell Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). About nine stations (county-wide) mapped by Reed 1953. Manresa, shaded moist woods along a path 6/1/1966, Stieber 3 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm & Ivy Neck, infrequent in same habitats as B. dissectum above, Higman 1241 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Brewer Pond 4/16/1983; Magothy at Catherine Avenue 10/1/1983 (Sipple 1993). Round Bay Bog 6/8/1990, Longbottom 689 AACC. Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Forge Bridge (Longbottom 1993).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Martins Pond ravine. Mill Creek (McCann property) 6/12/1993. Brewer Creek watershed (Sherwood woods). Hock tract. Lake Ogleton above RR r/w. Cypress Branch on Severn. Corcoran tract at Sandy Point 6/18/1988.

Herbaria: CBC, AACC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

15. Ophioglossum pycnostichum (Fern.) Love & Love

Ophioglossum vulgatum L. var. pycnostichum Fernald 1939.

Our plants are the above var.; the typical are Eurasian.

(Ophioglossum vulgatum L.) Shr.386, B&B.12

(Southeastern Adder's-tongue Fern).

Habitat: "Bogs and meadows" (Gray 1867). "In moist meadows and thickets" (Britton 1901). "Terrestrial in shady floodplain woods in seasonally wet, circumneutral soil" (Lellinger 1985).

Frequency: "Coastal and Midland Zones; rare" (Shreve et al 1910).

"Frequent in floodplain woods on circumneutral soils in Baltimore, Cecil, Dorchester, Harford, Montgomery, Prince George's, St. Mary's, Talbot, Washington, and Wicomico Counties. Rare on floodplains in Carroll, Frederick, and Washington Counties" (Redman 1991).

Records: One mid-county station mapped by Reed 1953.

Sightings: "Near Shadyside" (Williams, pc 1987).

Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993).

Order Filicales

5. Osmundaceae (Royal Fern Family)

16. Osmunda cinnamomea L. 1753. Shr.386, B&B.14

(Cinnamon Fern).

Large (Ht. 4-5 ft.) deciduous fern with fronds growing in a circle.

Habitat: "Swamps and low copses" (Gray 1867). "In moist forests, swamps and open wet situations" (Shreve et al 1910). "In wet woods, swamps, and low ground" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Terrestrial on stream banks, and in swamps, bogs, and other wet places in rather acid soil" (Lellinger 1985).

Frequency: Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "Abundant in forested wetlands, and occasional in non-forested wetlands in all counties and D. C." (Redman 1991).

Records: Glen Burnie, low dense woods 7/5/1902, C. E. Waters (US) (Stieber 1967). Wet woods at Glenburnie bog (Waters 1905). Margin of bog at Glenburnie (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910; p.185). Lemon's Bridge on banks of Patuxent River 7/4/1928, E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). About eight stations (county-wide) mapped by Reed 1953. Patuxent Community Pond, water's edge 6/14/1966, Stieber 4 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm; infrequent to moderately abundant in moist, partly shaded sites, especially upland edges of Hog Island marsh; Star Co. Tract, infrequent in deep ravines. Higman 104, 442, 515 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Three county stations mapped by Sipple 1978. Picture Spring Branch: Nevamar Pond (Ecological Analysts, 1983). Magothy at Catherine Avenue 10/1/1983 (Sipple 1993). Cypress Creek Savanna, Cypress Creek Cedar Swamp, Round Bay Bog, Angel's Bog (Sipple & Klockner 1984). Severn Run at Gambrills Road 10/-/1987; Waterford Branch above Elvaton Road 11/3/1989 (Sipple 1993). Bacon Ridge Park, Beachwood Park, Downs Park, Jacobsville Park, Governors Bridge gravel pits, Lake Waterford Park, Patuxent Community Pond, Poplar Ridge Park, Sullivan Cove, "W" Section of Fort Meade (Longbottom 1991, 1993). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Swamp above Eagle Hill Bog. Sullivan Cove cedar swamp. Truxtun Park. Lower Plum/Gumbottom Branch 6/18/1988. Boyd Pond, swamp at SW corner

(Longbottom pc 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

17. Osmunda cinnamomea var. glandulosa Waters 1902. B&B.14

(Glandulose Cinnamon Fern).

Frequency: Reported from but two locales: (1) A station at Glen Burnie, now probably destroyed. (2) "Lemon's Bridge". Note that E. C. Leonard and G. M. Leonard collected fifteen other taxa (Osmunda, Dryopteris, Agropyron, Dichanthelium, Panicum, Bulbostylis, Carex (four), Juncus, Sisrhinchium, Platanthera, Reseda, Itea) in varied habitats near Lemon's Bridge on 7/4/1928; it appears Wherry was in their company when he found var. glandulosa.

Records: Type specimen discovered in a low, dense, wet woods at Glen Burnie by Campbell E. Waters in 1901 (See Waters 1905, Steiber 1967, 1971). In damp thickets and in sandy soil at edge of a swamp July & Aug., 1901, C. E. Waters (US) (Stieber 1967). Glen Burnie, in a low woods 8/3/1901, William R. Maxon (US) (Stieber 1967). Lemon's Bridge, on Patuxent R., in a swampy woods 7/4/1928, E. T. Wherry (US) (Stieber 1967). One station (mid-county, probably Waters') mapped by Reed 1953.

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

18. Osmunda claytoniana L. 1753. Shr.386, B&B.14

(Osmunda interrupta Michx. 1803)

(Interrupted Fern).

Smaller (ht. 2-3 ft.) than O. cinnamomea, & frond interrupted by fertile middle pinnae.

Habitat: "Low grounds" (Gray 1867). "In moist forests" (Shreve et al 1910). "In swamps and moist woods" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Open pasture fields, borders of woods and swampy areas" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: "Infrequent in the Midland Zone, common in the Mountain Zone" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common in forests on loamy soils of high humus content in all counties, Baltimore City, and D. C. above the Fall Line, abundant in Garrett County, and rare on the Coastal Plain in Anne Arundel, Cecil, Prince George's, and Queen Anne's Counties." (Redman 1991).

Records: Found 1.1 mi. SW of Odenton post office, on a hillside by D. Bystrak 6/7/1970 (See Hill & Riefner 1982, p.46).

Sightings: Valentine Creek watershed: found by Mrs. Augusta Coates on her wooded waterfront residential property at Arden on the Severn; a mature frond shown to Rucker 8/18/1990; whether indigenous or accidentally introduced is unknown.

19. Osmunda regalis L. 1753 Shr.386, B&B.14

Osmunda regalis L. var. spectabilis (Willd.) A. Gray 1856.

Our plants are the above variety; the typical is Old World.

(Royal Fern).

Large (Ht. 2-5 ft.) deciduous fern with fronds twice pinnate.

Habitat: "Swamps and wet woods" (Gray 1867). "In low woods, swamps and marshes" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Forested wetlands" (Redman 1991). Soil more wet and more acidic than usual for cinnamon fern.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "In all counties and D.C. Common on the Coastal Plain, frequent in the Piedmont, and occasional west of Frederick County." (Redman 1991). Common in sandy bogs, especially on the Magothy Formation.

Records: Glen Burnie, rich woods near a stream 7/4/1895, C.E.Waters, (US) (Stieber 1967). Margin of bog at Glenburnie (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910; p.185). Eight stations (county-wide) mapped by Reed 1953. Patuxent Community Pond, pond's edge 6/15/1966, Stieber 5 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, infrequent in Hog Island marsh tree clumps and in pine stand above Fox Creek estuary, Higman 516 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Three county wooded-swamp stations mapped by Sipple 1978. Cypress Creek Savanna (Sipple & Klockner 1984). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Governors Bridge gravel pits, Beverly-Triton Beach, Downs Park (Longbottom 1991, 1993).

Sightings: Severn Run (overflow swales along Severn Run between Dicus Mill and New Cut Roads). Cypress Creek Cedar Swamp. Lower Plum/Gumbottom Branch 10/15/1988. Chase Creek watershed: below Ruckers Pond (one plant 1972, not seen 1999), Iliff property (Rowles Valley). Head of Dividing Creek below Spot Club Road. Sullivans Cove cedar swamp. Back Creek: SPCA property. Jabez Branch: largest Drum Point Railroad pond. Bay Ridge, near Blackwalnut Creek 1990. Boyd Pond, swamp at SW corner (Longbottom, pc 1991). West side of Westinghouse Bay, June 1992.

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

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