Francis Bacon and the Scientific Method By : Ahmed Samy El-bahrawy

Francis Bacon and the Scientific Method

By : Ahmed Samy El-bahrawy
1
Abstract and introduction

2

Bacon's positive approach
3 Bacon's classification of the sciences

4
Bacon's negative approach

5
Conclusion
6
References

1
Abstract and introduction

The English philosopher, Francis Bacon (1561 - 1626), is worthy of consideration among the philosophers of the method in the seventeenth century. Bacon was the most capable of abstracting and embodying the spirit of his time, by attracting the question of nature, and adopting an advocacy of a research method focused on it and appropriate to it. The name Bacon was associated with the movement of modern science. This was mainly because of his small and well-known New Aragon, which he published in 1620. Originally, it was not a book in the sense of a book, but merely apart of a gigantic work that Bacon called "The Great Revival"
. But what attracts attention in the book is the New
Arganon”, meaning the new tool or the new machine, in a clear indication that Aristotle’s Arganon has become an old and outdated methodological tool that is no longer able to enable man to control nature. Bacon participated in the men of his time in their fierce rejection of Aristotelian logic, and one of the most violent of them was an attack on analogy and its sterility, and even Aristotelian

induction did not escape Bacon's sharp criticism and his attempts to prove its corruption and insignificance. Bacon does not hide his attachment to nature. Its era is the era of discovering nature and the era of discovering vision instead of contemplation. And if nature, since Aristotle, has been able to be revealed in Heidegger’s language, only to the contemplative mind, then Bacon sees that it is a talisman that needs the experimental method to reveal its secrets. Nature, according to Bacon, is not a reduction in man, but a strength to him. Bacon describes nature as the great mother of science, or the trunk of the tree of knowledge, and there is no hope for progress unless all sciences return to it. In one of the aspects of his eminent embodiments of the spirit of his age, Bacon asserts that knowledge is the power of man, and if knowledge is power, then nature, since the first paragraph in the New organon , is the kingdom of human knowledge, and the only fruitful and hopeful field of human control. This is how Bacon was, while presenting nature as the great human kingdom that man can conquer and control through experimentation, but he was presenting the strongest abstraction and embodiment of the spirit of the modern age, and even the variables that gave birth to him, before expressing his

hope for the breadth of knowledge, so that it transcends anything It was discovered by the ancients.