Health Safety and Environment

70134166 Name Muhammad Saad Mansoor Registration no Section B
Health Safety and Environment
Discuss main organs of a human body and their Functions. Explain that how these organs are likely to be affected by a range of risks and hazards.
Introduction:
The human body is a complex and interconnected system of organs that work together to maintain bodily functions. The human body has many different organs, each with a specific function that is essential for the body's overall health and well-being. Here we’ll discuss the main organs of the human body, their functions and how they are likely to be affected by various risks and hazards.
The main organs of the human body and their functions
Brain:
The brain is the most critical organ in the body. It controls and coordinates all bodily functions, including movement, feelings, thoughts, and emotions. The brain is responsible for processing information from the senses, allowing us to see, hear, touch, taste and smell. It also controls the body's vital functions such as breathing and heartbeat.
Dangers and risks that affect the brain
The brain is vulnerable to a number of risks and dangers such as head injuries, infections and strokes. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant risk, especially in sports or accidents. Infections such as meningitis and encephalitis can damage brain tissue and lead to long-term complications. Strokes occur when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted, which can result in brain damage or death.

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Heart:
The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. The heart is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and removing waste products. It works continuously, beating approximately 100,000 times a day.
Dangers and risks that affect the heart
The heart is vulnerable to several risks and dangers, including coronary artery disease, heart attacks and heart failure. High blood pressure, smoking, and a diet high in fat and cholesterol are significant risk factors for heart disease. A heart attack occurs when the blood supply to the heart is blocked, causing damage to the heart muscle. Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.

Lung:
The lungs are the organs responsible for breathing. They take in oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide, helping to maintain the body's acid-base balance. The lungs also play a vital role in the immune system by filtering foreign particles and microorganisms.
Hazards and risks that affect the lungs
The lungs are vulnerable to various risks and hazards such as smoking, air pollution and infections. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other lung diseases. Air pollution such as smog and industrial emissions can damage the lungs and increase the risk of respiratory diseases. Infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis and COVID-19 can cause severe lung damage and lead to long-term complications.
Liver:
The liver is the largest internal organ of the body and performs many essential functions. It produces bile, which helps in the digestion of fats and removes toxins and other harmful substances from the blood. The liver also stores glycogen, which is used for energy production.
Dangers and risks that affect the liver
The liver is vulnerable to several risks and dangers such as alcohol abuse, viral infections and fatty liver. Alcohol abuse can cause liver damage, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Viral infections such as hepatitis Band C can cause inflammation of the liver, leading to long-term liver damage. Fatty liver disease occurs when fat builds up in the liver, leading to inflammation and scarring.

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kidneys:
The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and removing excess water and electrolytes. The kidneys also help regulate blood pressure and produce hormones that stimulate the production of red blood cells.
Risks and risks that affect the kidneys
Kidneys are vulnerable to various risks and dangers like diabetes
Conclusion:
The human body is a remarkable machine, and its organs play a vital role in maintaining overall health and well-being. Each organ has a unique function and is vulnerable to different risks and hazards. Understanding these risks and taking preventative measures can help protect organs from damage and ensure optimal health. By prioritizing a healthy lifestyle and seeking immediate medical attention for any associated symptoms, individuals can help protect and maintain the health of their organs fora long and healthy life.