Vocabulary Word
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Definition
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COLOR Picture OR additional information about the term.
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Thomas Edison
(Section 1)
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An inventor who set up a research laboratory in Menlo Park, NJ in 1876. He, along with other scientists, produced the light bulb, phonograph, motion picture camera, and hundreds of other devices (p. 610).
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Henry Ford
(Section 1)
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An American manufacturer who perfected a system to mass-produce cars and make them available at a lower price (p. 612).
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Patent
(Section 1)
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A document that gives someone the sole right to make and to sell an invention (p. 610)
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Assembly Line
(Section 1)
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A manufacturing method in which a product is put together as it moves along a conveyor belt (p. 613)
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Wilbur & Orville Wright
(Section 1)
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In 1903, these two brothers tested a gas-powered airplane at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina (p. 613).
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Alexander
Graham Bell
(Section 1)
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Bell invented the telephone in order to carry the human voice (p. 611). He organized over 100 companies into the giant American Telephone and Telegraph Company.
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Entrepreneur
(Section 2)
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Someone who sets up new businesses to make a profit (p. 614)
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Vocabulary Word
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Definition
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COLOR Picture OR additional information about the term.
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Corporations
(Section 2)
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A business that is owned by many investors (p. 614)
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Monopoly
(Section 2)
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A company that controls all or nearly all businesses in a particular industry (p. 615)
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Andrew Carnegie
(Section 2)
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He gained every step in making steel. His companies owned iron mines, railroads, and shipping lines. In 1892, he combined his businesses into the giant Carnegie Steel Company (p. 615).
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John D. Rockefeller
(Section 2)
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He was a brilliant entrepreneur who invested in an oil refinery and used the profits to buy other oil companies. In 1882, he ended competition in the oil industry by forming the Standard Oil Trust (p. 615).
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Trust
(Section 2)
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A group of corporations run by a single board of directors (p. 615)
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Free Enterprise
(Section 2)
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Economic system in which each privately owned business decides what to produce, how much to produce, and what prices to charge (p. 616)
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Collective Bargaining
(Section 2)
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Negotiations between company management and a union representing a group of workers about wages, benefits, and working conditions (p. 618)
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Samuel Gompers
(Section 2)
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In 1886, he formed a new union in Columbus, Ohio, called the American Federation of Labor, or AFL. It became the leading union in the country (p. 618).
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Vocabulary Word
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Definition
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COLOR Picture OR additional information about the term.
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Tenements
(Section 3)
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A building that is divided into many tiny apartments (p. 622)
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Jane Addams
(Section 3)
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She felt a strong sympathy for the poor and opened Hull House in 1889. Hull House was a settlement house or center that offered help to the urban poor
(p. 622).
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Urbanization
(Section 3)
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Rapid growth of city populations
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Steerage
(Section 4)
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Large compartments of ships that usually held cattle (p. 626)
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Assimilation
(Section 4)
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The process of becoming part of another culture (p. 627)
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Anarchist
(Section 4)
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A person who opposes all forms of government (p. 629)
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Compulsory Education
(Section 5)
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Requirement that all children attend school up to a certain age (p. 632)
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Realist
(Section 5)
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Writers who try to show life as it is
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Mark Twain
(Section 5)
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He wrote Huckleberry Finn and his real name was Samuel Clemens. Twain made his stories realistic by capturing the speech patterns of southerners who lived and worked along the Mississippi River.
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Yellow Journalism
(Section 5)
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Style of reporting and displaying news in a sensational way that distorts the truth
(p. 635)
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