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Unit 24 (Writing for Television and Video) Task 1
Part A – commissioning Commissioning is an important part of the development of any television program or feature, which sees an idea, go from paper to production. The broadcaster that will show the final production usually carries out the commissioning process so that that they can authorise production. The commissioning process for different types of productions can vary largely, the process also depends on the network that is carrying it out. Job roles within the commissioning process Commissioning Bodies Broadcasters and Corporations Many broadcaster and Television networks have their own commissioning system, which allows them to produce a wide variety of programming on their channels, all of which meet the requirements for their audience. These are the organisations that producers will pitch to as these large corporations will fund and show the production; each of these corporations has a different commissioning process in one way or another.
Production Companies There are a number of different production companies in the UK, which produce nearly all of the Television programming that is available. Different production companies usually specialise in different genres of programming to avoid competition. These production companies often join together to from production groups. Companies such as the BBC and ITV often commission programmes created by these smaller companies as it is usually cheaper than producing something themselves. Channel 5 is a good example of this as they rely only on these production groups to create all of their programming and unlike the BBC and ITV do not create any of their own content. Independent Directors and Producers It is particularly noticeable in films when a director takes on multiple roles. Many directors (such as Peter Jackson) write and produce their own work so as to keep a creative voice in the production, they often also take part in many technical roles, such as shooting and editing footage. Having a director take on multiple roles helps to cut the budget as well, either allowing more to be spent on other aspects or just save money, allowing chance for higher profit. Stages of Commissioning: The Role of a Writer Throughout Production There are a few different stages to the commissioning system, these stages are often different depending on the broadcaster. Pre-Production Planning Pre-Production Planning is extremely important before any production can begin. For the writer involved the pre-production usually involves a lot of research into areas that their story might cover, such as historical events or the background of the ‘universe’ in something like a fantasy, this planning will allow the writer to get as accurate a story as possible. There can be legal complications if aspects of the programme are not represented properly or things have not been researched properly. Script editing The script editor works directly with the writer to make sure his ‘creative vision’ has been properly reached with the script. It is common for script editing to continue throughout production but sometimes changes can occur due to request from the broadcaster/distributor. Changes can sometimes also be made during production in the event of an age rating change and material may be outside of these ratings. Director/Producer Involvement Directors and producers have a large involvement during production with both of them having a large amount of creative input during the pre-production stage, and a lot of directive input during the filming and post-production stages. It is very important that the Director and the producers have as much control of the filming stage as they need, as this allows them to shoot exactly what they need. The director’s biggest time for input would be during filming, when he can direct the cast and crew under the management of the producers. During post the director usually assists in the editing of the films/programme and watches over the CGI if any is needed. In this stage the producers deal mainly with marketing and advertising\distribution. Shooting script production When the screenplay has been written it can be adapted into a shooting script, which will be used during the shooting of the Programme/film. The shooting script has camera and actor directions as well as numbers and codes that allow each scene to be easily identified during editing. Page Lockdown This is the term used to describe when the script has been sent out to cast and talent and is ready for production to start. Changes to the script after this point are usually marked on the script to allow it to be placed into the storyline. Adjustment during shooting stage There are usually changes made during production of films and programmes, mainly during live TV, this can often see changes made to the script. Late ideas from the director or producers can be added to the script, again meaning adjustments are made. As previously mentioned these changes are marked with a letter. Part B – Working as a Writer
Part C – Legal and Ethical Considerations Copyright Copyright is very important as it stops work from being copies by competing writers, due to this many scripts are now under copyright. Copyright is a legal right which gives the owner of the copyright the right to legal compensation should his or her work be copied, it also gives the owner exclusive rights to the use and distribution of the product, meaning that the writer would have control of the script regarding production. Bias This can be very important to some genres such as politics or conflict so it is very important that the writer does not show bias in his or hers script towards one party. Channels such as the BBC mainly produce un-biased programmes and so usually biased scripts and formats would be rejected. Censorship Censorship is a process that is completely out of the hands of the producers and writers as it usually happens after a production has been completed and accepted, due to this it is important that writers consider what they are writing and if it is suitable for their target audience. Even though censorship doesn’t happen as much as it used to language can still be censored in productions that are shown before the watershed and companies such as the BBFC can choose to cut scenes if they wish. Watershed The watershed is the point in time after which programmes with adult content may be broadcast. The watershed serves as the dividing line between the day and the overnight period of broadcasting. These broadcast usually contain (but aren’t limited to) strong language, gore and adult humour. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watershed_%28broadcasting%29#United_Kingdom) the watershed in the UK starts at 21:00 and ends at 5:30 for all free to air channels. So therefore writers need to make sure that their programmes meet the requirements for pre-watershed broadcast. Libel Libel is the legally indefensible publication or broadcast of words or images that are degrading to a person or injurious to his or her reputation. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/libel). It is very important for a writer to understand libel as any libel made by a writer can seriously harm their reputation and ability to attain future work. Plagiarism Plagiarism is “the practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as one’s own” (http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/plagiarism). Even though most writers take inspiration from others work they should not copy another’s idea as this could again damage their reputation as well as cause legal issues. Directory: uploads uploads -> 587 Return function, r i(X) r i(0) r i(1) r i(2) r i(3) 1 0 2 4 6 Thermal Station, I 2 0 1 5 6 3 0 3 5 6 10 uploads -> Department of science and humanities department of mathematics part-a questions and answers uploads -> The Case Against the nypd’s Quota-Driven ‘Broken Windows’ Policing What Is It? uploads -> For want of a nail uploads -> Ownership Models There are two different types of ownership models uploads -> Police Militarization uploads -> City of rising star regular meting thursday, july 14, 2016 uploads -> Township of winfield uploads -> Stop Militarizing Law Enforcement Act of 2014 uploads -> The Black Panther Party’s Ten-Point Program What We Want Now! Download 49.03 Kb. Share with your friends:
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