Maryland High School Government Assessment 2000 Look at the cartoon below. Which of these points of view is expressed by the cartoon? A
Which economic concept caused the situation illustrated in the cartoon?
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Which economic concept caused the situation illustrated in the cartoon? F. economic globalization G. international economic aid H. embargoes on foreign products J. global trade restrictions 45. BCR Describe an advantage and a disadvantage the scenario in the cartoon presents to the United States economy. State whether you agree or disagree with the cartoonist's point of view. Include details and examples to support your explanations. Write your answer in the space provided below: 46. The World Bank's support of government services most directly affects developing nations' A. economies B. military institutions C. currencies D. foreign policy 47. Because of the Endangered Species Act, a man was forbidden from planting crops on his land because the habitat of an endangered species would be destroyed. In the situation above, there is a conflict between a government policy and an individual's F. freedom of expression G. freedom of religion H. voting rights J. property rights 48. Read the excerpt below. 
According to the excerpt, a restaurant would be violating the Civil Rights Act of 1964 if it refused to serve a person who was A. talking too loudly B. smoking a cigarette C. wearing informal clothing D. saying a prayer 49. Look at the cartoon below. Then answer Numbers 49 and 50. 
Which of these best represents the opinion of the cartoonist? F. Rates of inflation are low. G. Effects of inflation are unnoticeable. H. Actions needed to control inflation are unnecessary. J. Actions taken to control inflation are ineffective. 50. The problem illustrated in the cartoon is most harmful to which of these groups? A. people on fixed incomes B. investors owning foreign currency C. consumers paying cash for purchases D. workers receiving bonuses for productivity 51. BCR The federal government requires medicines to be tested extensively before they can be used by the general public. How does this requirement affect drug manufacturers and consumers? State whether you agree or disagree with this policy. Include details and examples to support your explanations. Write your answer in the space provided below: 52. A group of nation states formed a government in which each state retained control over its internal matters and gave almost no powers to the central government. Which system of government was formed? F. unitary G. federal H. confederate J. authoritarian 53. The mass media is sometimes referred to as “the fourth branch of the government” because it A. endorses all governmental policies B. influences public opinion C. is a powerful federal agency D. is paid for with federal taxes 54. Read the headline below. 
This headline would have been most appropriate for which of the following cases? F. Miranda v. Arizona G. Gideon v. Wainwright H. New Jersey v. T.L.O. J. Tinker v. Des Moines 55. A traditional economy is an economic system A. based on long-standing customs B. composed of elements of capitalism and socialism C. controlled completely by the government D. determined solely by individuals competing for profits 56. Suppose the President and leaders of Congress agreed to increase funding for the military and for education, while not funding protection of wetlands for migrating cranes. Which of these does the above decision reveal about economic costs and benefits? F. There must be priorities in a limited budget. G. Money is available to fund all programs. H. Choices are made with a focus on local goals. J. Budget decisions always benefit the environment. 57. BCR In many criminal cases, the prosecutor and defense attorney engage in plea bargaining before a trial begins. Often, the prosecutor will reduce the charges if the accused agrees to plead guilty. What advantages does each side gain from this type of agreement? Include details and examples to support your explanations. Write your answer in the space provided below:
Maryland High School Government Assessment - 2003 1. Which of these is a responsibility of Maryland's state government? A military training B education policy C Social Security D Medicare programs 2. Which of these government actions would be most effective in protecting the environment? F establishing wildlife management areas G reducing regulations on industrial pollution H encouraging development of farmland J building highways and bridges 3. Which of these principles of government is demonstrated when the governor of Maryland vetoes a bill? A federalism B popular sovereignty C checks and balances D representative democracy 4. Read the excerpt below.
Which of these would be acceptable as a result of this amendment? F A defendant in a criminal case is sentenced by a court of law to provide unpaid community service work. G A public defender is required to provide legal services to a person accused of a crime who cannot afford representation. H A United States President is elected to serve as the country's leader for a term of four years. J A United States citizen is required by law to serve as a member of the jury when selected for duty.
5. Read the headlines below. 
What is the intent of the government actions described in all the headlines? A to maintain public safety B to raise tax revenue C to reduce crime D to maintain social order 6. BCR Read the scenario below.
Describe two legal ways you and your friends could try to get this law changed. Explain why each of your choices would be effective. Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 7. Read the news article excerpt below. 
Which of these resulted from the Supreme Court decision described in the article? A Legislative districts were made equal in land size. B Votes in urban areas were given more weight than votes in rural areas. C Polling places in some areas stayed open later than in other areas. D Congressional districts were made similar in population size. 8. The World Bank is most associated with which of the following activities? F supplying medical care after natural disasters G providing loans for capital improvements H supporting political candidates J offering military expertise 9. Which of these explains a difference between political parties and interest groups? A Political parties evaluate government policy, while interest groups set government policy. B Political parties influence laws, while interest groups ratify laws. C Political parties address many issues, while interest groups usually focus on one issue. D Political parties support candidates, while interest groups nominate candidates. 10. Which of the following is a responsibility of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)? F hiring air traffic controllers G enforcing product safety standards H regulating the use of cellular telephones J running cable television companies 11. In 1968 the Supreme Court upheld the arrest of a young man for burning his draft card as an antiwar protest. Which of these best explains why the Supreme Court decided that burning draft cards is not a protected form of free speech? A His action interfered with the government raising an army. B The law prohibited burning anything in public without a permit. C All citizens have the responsibility to serve in the military. D The First Amendment excludes protesting as a form of free speech. 12. In 1847 Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto, which predicted the fall of capitalism. Read the excerpt below.
According to the excerpt above, Marx and Engels believed that capitalism F restricted the economic freedom of employers G discouraged competition among businesses H failed to ensure the quality of goods produced J failed to protect the basic rights of workers 13. Look at the graph below. 
Increasing the budget for which of these programs would most help the United States government prepare for the trend shown in the graph? A defense B education C social security D employment opportunities 14. BCR Read the information below.
What constitutional issue might be involved in this use of cameras? Explain whether you agree or disagree with this practice. Include examples and details to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 15. The "elastic clause" gives Congress implied power to act in areas not specifically expressed in the Constitution at the time it was written. Congress is exercising its power under the "elastic clause" when it A declares war on a foreign nation B establishes a post office in a community C authorizes the testing of nuclear weapons D prohibits export taxes 16. Which of these would most likely be the reason for a country to refuse to cooperate with international fishing limits? F to avoid high tariffs G to encourage international trade H to protect economic self-interests J to protest environmental pollution 17. Look at the cartoon below. Then answer Number 17. 
---------------------------------------- The book's title is "COMPREHENSIVE GUIDELINES FOR SENTENCING JUVENILE OFFENDERS" The Judge is saying "I'M SORRY KID, BUT IT REALLY HURTS ME MORE THAN IT HURTS YOU." According to the cartoon, what is a criticism of the juvenile justice system? A The system gives judges little choice in punishment. B The juvenile justice system wastes too much money. C The government has too much control over the lives of juveniles. D The courts make the community responsible for juveniles' actions. 18. The prosecutor in a criminal case is the person who A represents the defendant B represents the government C serves as head of the jury D presides as judge 19. Which of these types of government allows citizens to have the greatest amount of political influence? A dictatorship B direct democracy C absolute monarchy D oligarchy 20. BCR Foreign aid is an important part of United States foreign policy. Describe types of foreign aid the United States provides to other countries. Should the United States provide foreign aid to other countries? Explain why or why not. Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 21. After the 1979 accident at the Three Mile Island nuclear plant, the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission tightened restrictions on the nuclear power industry in order to A ensure due process B protect public health C develop military strength D guarantee equal rights 22. Read the quotation below.
According to the quotation, John Spargo was probably in favor of the government F lowering the minimum wage G forbidding the establishment of labor unions H regulating child labor practices J playing a smaller role in private business 23. When a defendant was tried and found innocent of a crime, the state prosecutor was disappointed but could not legally try the case again. Doing so would violate the defendant's right to protection from A double jeopardy B self-incrimination C illegal search and seizure D cruel and unusual punishment 24. In an authoritarian government, freedom of speech is usually A protected by the government as a civil right B guaranteed in the government's constitution C censored and controlled by the government D regulated only when it presents a clear and present danger 25. Study the cartoon below. Then answer Number 25. 
The cartoonist would most likely agree that A donations to political candidates have decreased B qualifications for political candidates have changed C political candidates pay little attention to public opinion polls D political candidates mainly represent large business interests 26. Which of these explains why former members of the legislature are often hired as lobbyists? F They retain congressional voting privileges. G They have inside knowledge of lawmaking procedures. H They are able to continue using the offices they had as congressional members. J They are elected to interest groups by the same constituents who elected them as lawmakers. 27. When flooding occurs in Maryland, which of the following actions could the governor take immediately to preserve order and ensure the safety of citizens? A mobilize the National Guard to protect private property B order the construction of more bridges C propose state legislation aimed at protecting the wetlands D propose federal legislation for low-interest loans 28. ECR The modern presidency of the United States is often referred to as the most powerful office in the world. Yet the President's powers are limited. Explain how the President's powers are limited. Explain how the President can be successful in overcoming these limitations. Which of the ways you described for overcoming limitations to presidential power would be the most effective? Explain why. Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 29. Which of these best reflects how the federal government manages the economy through fiscal policy? A taxing and spending B buying and selling securities C controlling the money supply D controlling interest rates 30. A police officer arrests a suspected criminal and neglects to inform the suspect of the charges against him. Which of these best describes the above situation? F a failure to ensure separation of powers G a violation of due process rights H the abuse of executive privilege J the misuse of the power of eminent domain 31. Why are federal judges appointed for life? A to ensure freedom from control by elected officials B to attract people with experience to the job C to guarantee that states retain their powers D to protect the wishes of the majority of citizens 32. Which of these is usually a result of free trade between countries? F more embargoes on goods G higher tariffs on goods H more markets for goods J reduced supplies of goods 33. A homeowner signed a written agreement with a roofing company to have an old roof replaced. In the United States legal system, this type of written agreement is called a A contract B misdemeanor C negotiation D tort 34. BCR Study the graph below. Then answer Number 34. 
Describe how a law requiring citizens to vote could affect the voting patterns shown on the graph. Should voting be mandatory in the United States? Explain why or why not. Use details and examples to support your position. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 35. Which of these is represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)? A the amount of reserve that banks are required to hold B the rate of interest charged on reserves lent to banks C the total value of goods and services produced within a nation D the change in the average price of consumer goods and services 36. Read the newspaper article below. 
The action described in the article is most directly related to which of the following goals of the United Nations? F to suppress acts of aggression G to develop diplomatic relations H to foster worldwide cooperation J to promote economic progress 37. Read the excerpt below.
Based on the excerpt, the War Powers Act was most likely issued in response to A protest against drafting women B lack of preparedness in the armed forces C expansion by the President of his role as Commander in Chief D attempts by the Supreme Court to control the Department of Defense 38. The population of Massachusetts has increased since 1970, but its representation in Congress has declined. Which of these best explains why this has happened? F A large number of people in Massachusetts are not citizens. G A large number of people in Massachusetts have not registered to vote. H Massachusetts has chosen not to send representatives to the national government. J Population growth in Massachusetts has not kept pace with the growth of other states. 39. Look at the cartoon below. 
According to the cartoon, the two political parties are A supporting the same viewpoint on an issue B working together to solve a national problem C supporting issues they believe will win votes D opposing the amount of money the government spends 40. The International Red Cross would most likely become involved in F providing weapons to a military ally G helping refugees get food and shelter H creating trade agreements among nations J giving money to nations for economic developments 41. Licensing for certain occupations is an example of a government regulation that A controls wages in licensed occupations B encourages monopolies in competing occupations C limits entry into an occupation by setting standards D guarantees lifetime employment for licensed workers 42. On July 5, 2000, Maryland launched a $9 million initiative designed to provide after-school activities for middle school students. Which of these is the socio-economic goal of this policy or program? F protecting public health G promoting child welfare H preserving affordable housing J providing public transportation 43. Maryland's Smart Growth Areas Act of 1999 encourages the building of new homes in vacant city lots. Which of these is a reason Maryland's government passed this law? A to eliminate the use of unsanitary water B to prevent over-development of rural areas C to encourage farmers to produce larger crops D to encourage more people to own small businesses 44. Which of these local population statistics would be most useful in deciding where to construct a public high school? F political party identity G family composition H occupation J religion 45. The federal government's policy is to censor material that A threatens national security B promotes an unpopular opinion C disagrees with presidential decisions D criticizes a government law 46. BCR In order to make driving safer, some citizens want a law prohibiting drivers from using cell phones while driving. Explain the economic costs and benefits of this law if it is passed. Based on the costs and benefits, do you support or oppose the law? Explain why. Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 47. Due to large financial losses in the American automobile industry, the United States once set limits on the number of cars it imported. This response is most likely an example of government policy being shaped by A national interests B international interests C state interests D regional interests 48. The Chesapeake Bay has recently suffered a decline in the oyster population. At the urging of citizens, Virginia and Maryland have cooperated in passing legislation to restore the oyster population. The above is an example of F states working together to protect resources G states in conflict over disappearing resources H government developing a resource policy without public support J government introducing new resource taxes 49. A company decides to install more machines and lay off workers. Which economic question is being directly addressed? A how to produce B what to produce C for whom to produce D how much to produce 50. Which of these best explains why state government leaders must carefully evaluate costs and benefits when developing budgets? F Taxes can usually be increased to meet needs. G Demand for services often exceeds tax revenues. H Demand for services is usually satisfied by federal spending. J State tax revenues are often matched by federal funds. 51. Which of these cases helped establish the right of the Supreme Court to review the constitutionality of federal law? A Marbury v. Madison B McCulloch v. Maryland C Plessy v. Ferguson D Brown v. Board of Education 52. BCR Traffic congestion is a problem in the Washington-Baltimore metropolitan region. Propose possible actions the government could take to solve this problem. Explain why some people would oppose these actions. Include details and examples to support your solutions and the oppositions to your solutions. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 53. Which of these consumer activities is most influenced by the Federal Reserve? A getting a home mortgage B purchasing a discount airplane ticket C using a prescription drug D reading nutritional labels on foods 54. Which of the following best illustrates the reason Congress passes civil rights legislation? F to promote equity G to establish better legal aid H to solve housing shortages J to increase school funding 55. In which form of government do states, cities, and counties have the least political power? A federal B unitary C confederate D democratic 56. A local government allocates funds to expand an elementary school. Which of these most likely describes an opportunity cost of this policy? F installation of electrical fixtures by the PTA G purchase of new textbooks H free construction materials donated by a local company J the services of volunteer architects to create blueprints 57. BCR Describe an action that the federal government has taken to prevent discrimination. How effective do you think this action has been? Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 58. A builder can legally refuse to sell a home to a prospective buyer because of the buyer's F family size G credit history H national origin J religious beliefs
2004 GOVERNMENT HSA EXAM Session 1 1. Arizona, California, and Colorado all claim the right to use the water from the Colorado River for their water needs. The most effective way to resolve the water rights dispute would be for A the three states to sign a treaty with Mexico B the three states to create a regional agreement C each state to build dams on its portion of the river D each state to take as much water from the river as possible 2. Which of these would most likely be indicted by a Maryland grand jury? F a professional football player refusing to honor his contract G a neighbor having a property dispute with another homeowner H a car owner testifying about the theft of her car J a person videotaped robbing a state bank 3. In 1990 Congress passed a law that gave Native Americans control over Native American artifacts found on federal land. What was a purpose of this law? A to protect the culture of Native Americans B to fund scholarships for Native American students C to give states control over Native American affairs D to encourage business ownership by Native Americans 4. Read the following headlines 
All of the events described in the headlines above address F racial segregation G educational access H unemployment issues J gender discrimination 5. BCR - Read the excerpt below.
Explain how the point of view expressed in the excerpt above could conflict with the functioning of a school. Do you agree or disagree with the position taken in this excerpt? Explain. Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 6. During wartime, the writ of habeas corpus can be suspended in some areas allowing the arrest and holding of persons without charging them with a specific crime. Based on this event, which of these conclusions is accurate? F The President lacks significant power during times of war. G The military must provide constitutional protections. H Citizens may lose some civil rights during emergencies. J The Supreme Court must rule on presidential actions. 7. Some groups are lobbying to permit citizens to register and vote on election day. Which of these is an argument against such a measure? A Citizens lack the time to register to vote. B Present law allows voters to vote in any precinct. C Officials cannot quickly verify a voter's identity. D Transportation is available to polling places. 8. Which of these persons would the United States government count as unemployed? F a photographer who is her own boss G a waiter who earns most of his money from tips H a person who is retired J an accountant who quits her job to look for other work 9. Read the excerpt below.
Based on the excerpt, which of these government actions would the author most likely support? A raising taxes on imported goods B entering into free trade agreements C increasing wages paid to workers D passing strict regulations on businesses 10. BCR The population of Maryland's state bird, the Baltimore oriole, has decreased due to the destruction of its habitat. Describe some ways the Maryland government can help preserve the species. Which way do you think will be most effective? Explain your choice. Include details and examples in your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 11. The Sixth Amendment allows the accused the “assistance of counsel.” Which of these Supreme Court decisions extended the protections of this amendment? A Marbury v. Madison B Plessy v. Ferguson C Gideon v. Wainwright D Tinker v. Des Moines School Board 12. Which of these activities is most likely performed by political parties? F holding general elections G raising campaign money H designating voting precincts J counting absentee ballots 13. The United States protects its national security most directly by A passing environmental laws B entering into military alliances C providing low interest loans to poor nations D signing free trade agreements with bordering nations 14. Which of these is most often encouraged by the government in a command economy? F national production goals G inherited occupational roles H private ownership of property J competition between businesses 15. BCR - Read the information below.
Describe advantages and disadvantages of OSHA regulations. Should the federal government be involved in regulating workers' safety? Why or why not? Include details and examples to support your response. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 16. Which of these is most associated with an authoritarian government? F The legislative process is slow. G Freedom of expression is valued. H Government leaders have absolute power. J Elections for government offices are conducted fairly. 17. Which of these is an example of an economic sanction? A providing poor countries with humanitarian aid B creating trade alliances with bordering countries C refusing to meet with a diplomatic representative of a dictatorship D ending trade with a country that has a poor human rights record 18. Which of these officials is responsible for making laws? F a federal judge G the governor of a state H a United States senator J the Secretary of Defense 19. Which of these describes the main purpose of an interest group? A to influence government officials on specific issues B to form legislative committees that study public policy C to regulate the economy by setting federal lending rates D to select cases for hearing in appeals courts 20. Which of these sources would be most reliable for determining interstate migration patterns? F public school records G voter registration cards H property tax assessments J government census counts 21. BCR - Read the quote below.
Explain why some lawmakers would want to censor music. Based on what you know about the Bill of Rights, do you believe this type of censorship is constitutional? Explain why or why not. Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 22. The United States most likely joined the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to F provide medical care to developing nations G increase economic stability in other nations H create a military alliance with member nations J establish a single currency among member nations 23. Which of these is a purpose of Social Security? A to provide income for retirees B to regulate the health care industry C to give relocation assistance to immigrants D to encourage taxpayer contributions to charities 24. The right to be free from unreasonable search and seizure is an example of F delegated power G judicial review H general welfare J limited government 25. Study the political cartoon below. 
The cartoon suggests that some citizens A believe that the justice system is unworkable B are unwilling to break the law C believe that the right to a trial by jury is unnecessary D are unwilling to accept their responsibilities 26. Legislation promoting immigration would most likely cause F a decrease in economic activity G an increase in cultural diversity H a decrease in population growth J an increase in available housing 27. Which of these is most likely a reason the federal government requires permits for utility companies to release pollutants into the air? A to give tax breaks to utilities B to increase investments in utilities C to set rates charged by utilities D to limit emissions produced by utilities 28. ECR - Look at the chart below. 
Use the flow chart above to identify an example of the principle of checks and balances. Describe advantages and disadvantages of checks and balances in the United States government. Do the advantages of the use of checks and balances outweigh the disadvantages? Explain your answer. Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 29. With which of these government actions is the Consumer Price Index (CPI) most associated? A imposing economic sanctions B reducing unemployment C measuring the rate of inflation D offering federal business loans 30. Which of these government actions is most associated with due process of law? F creating affirmative action programs G informing the accused of their rights H maintaining order during times of crisis J establishing guidelines for workplace safety 31. Which of these is a responsibility of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)? A inspecting and improving new medications B enforcing state and local environmental regulations C resolving disputes between labor and management D encouraging fairness in advertising and marketing 32. Which of these statements about the United Nations (UN) is true? F Its membership rules exclude poor nations. G Its policies discourage international cooperation. H Its councils elect leaders for many nations. J Its goals include international stability. Session 2 33. Which of these public agencies usually decides local land-use issues? A zoning board B treasurer's office C police department D transportation department 34. Which of these would most likely result if Congress increased the minimum wage? F States would receive less tax revenue. G Some companies would raise the price of products. H Interest rates would be lowered to encourage spending. J Some cities would raise property taxes on homes. 35. Which of these best describes an effect of the Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison? A It gave the President veto power over Congress. B It divided the government into three separate branches. C It established the power to void a congressional law. D It made state governments question federal power. 36. What is the opportunity cost for state governments that spend state money during natural disasters? F Main highways between states may be blocked. G Prices for snow removal equipment may increase. H Other services offered by the states may have to be cut. J State governments may receive additional highway funds. 37. BCR - Read the news article excerpt below. 
Explain ways our foreign aid to other countries has benefited the United States. Do you think the benefits of foreign aid are worth the cost? Explain why or why not. Include details and examples to support your response. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 38. Which of these terms is used to describe a party who files a civil lawsuit? F prosecutor G defendant H plaintiff J mediator 39. Study the political cartoon and definitions below. 
The sign above the newsstand reads: “LEO’S NEWSSTAND PURVEYOR OF FREE SPEECH STRONGHOLD OF FIRST AMENDMENT BULWARK OF LIBERTY” Which of these would the man portrayed in the cartoon most likely oppose? A government grants to the media B government censorship of the media C government licensing of broadcasting stations D government advertising on broadcasting stations 40. Which of these is an example of government funding based on population? F City councils award contracts to waste management companies. G The federal government gives grant money for environmental clean up. H School districts receive money from the state for each student enrolled. J A state approves placing stoplights at busy intersections. 41. Which of these is the most effective way for a state government to reduce pollution in a river? A limit the number of fish that can be taken from the river each day B encourage volunteers to pick up trash in the most polluted areas of the river C offer tax breaks to industries that decrease the amount of pollutants released into the river D sell land along the banks of the river owned by the state government to businesses and individuals 42. A toy company is moving its main production plant to a Maryland county. Which of these would be the most likely effect on the county? F an increase in the number of elderly residents G an increase in the need for government services H a decline in job opportunities J a decline in school enrollment 43. BCR - Read the news article excerpt below.
Describe what actions these Allegany residents could take to influence the government on this issue. Which of these actions would be most effective? Explain why. Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 44. Which of these statements about presidential executive orders is true? F They are proposed by legislators. G They must be approved by voters. H They have the force of federal law. J They can be vetoed by state governors. 45. Read the news article excerpt below. Then answer Numbers 45 and 46. 
The excerpt is an example of government A promoting equality B controlling business C increasing the size of the bureaucracy D limiting economic growth 46. The benefits of the program in the excerpt are expected to outweigh the costs because F large businesses support technology G this type of business is an important part of the state economy H leaders of this department want to run for political office J private citizens will donate money 47. Which of these actions is least likely to involve cooperation between neighboring state governments? A planning railroad routes B controlling agricultural pests C decreasing pollution of major rivers D reducing class size in primary schools 48. Which of these is a purpose of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)? F to create a common currency among member nations G to forgive the international debt of member nations H to eliminate most tariffs among member nations J to provide relief for refugees of war in member nations 49. BCR – read the following headline 
Is the action described in the headline an appropriate role for the state government? Explain why or why not. Should the government provide funds to the apartment owners to remove the lead? Explain why or why not. Use details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 50. Which of these is an advantage of a representative democracy? F Political parties have similar platforms. G Citizens are able to vote on all issues. H Government agencies make decisions quickly. J Legislators are elected by the people. 51. Read the excerpts below. Then answer Numbers 51 and 52.
Which of these constitutional principles is described in Article 1 of the Maryland Declaration of Rights? A The people should have equal protection under the law. B State governments and the federal government share powers. C The people in a democratic society give their consent to be governed. D Each branch of the government has powers over the other branches. 52. Which of these constitutional rights is described in Article 24? F the right to bear arms G the right to due process H the right to freedom of speech J the right to peaceably assemble 53. Maryland has a budget surplus and needs to decide what to do with the extra money. Which of these options would the state government least likely choose? A give the surplus to the federal government B spend the surplus on state programs C save the surplus for future needs D give the surplus back in a tax refund 54. Which of these is a function of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)? F to advertise programs aired on the radio G to inform the public on current events H to raise money for government projects J to regulate the broadcasting of information 55. Which of these is a responsibility of the Maryland General Assembly? A approving the annual state budget B supervising the Maryland State Police C reviewing criminal appeals D vetoing unpopular laws Government – Public Release Fall 2004
GOVERNMENT Public Release 2005 Part One 1. Which of these is a responsibility of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)? A to manage the use of public airwaves B to evaluate the contents of medications C to review the safety of household appliances D to investigate the practices of financial firms 2. Which of these statements about the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is true? F Members are required to open their borders to immigrants from other nations. G Members are prevented from conducting trade with non-member nations. H An armed attack against one member is considered an attack against all members. J An executive panel controls legislation passed in member nations. 3. Read the news headline below. 
Which of these is a purpose of this action by the United States? A to decrease the cost of lumber B to protect the United States lumber industry C to decrease United States lumber exports D to allow for the free trade of lumber 4. Which of these actions by the federal government would most likely reduce inflation? F increasing both spending and the money supply G decreasing both spending and the money supply H increasing loans to consumers J decreasing the interest rate 5. The federal minimum wage in 2001 was $5.15 an hour. Which of these best describes why the federal government would raise the minimum wage? A to help workers find employment B to help workers’ wages keep up with inflation C to increase the taxes on workers’ wages D to make sure all workers receive the same pay BCR 6. In some eastern Arizona counties, the largest segment of the population is under 18 years of age. By contrast, in some western counties of Arizona, a large segment of the population is 65 years or older. • Based on the information above, describe likely government goals in both eastern and western Arizona. • Why do larger population groups tend to have more influence on government policy? • Include details and examples to support your response. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 7. Which of these best describes why the government often requires the construction of wheelchair ramps in certain types of buildings? A to protect the safety of citizens B to improve the education system C to provide equal access for all citizens D to provide training for all people wanting to learn new skills 8. Which of these has the most control over the United States’ defense spending? F the Supreme Court G the Secretary of the Treasury H the Congress J the Secretary of State 9, Which of these best describes a goal of affirmative action legislation? A to encourage young people to go into politics B to promote educational opportunities for minorities C to require employers to provide health benefits to all workers D to establish job training courses for the economically disadvantaged 10. While working with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), some counties in Maryland have begun a program to encourage residents to recycle electronic equipment such as computers, televisions, and telephones. Which of these is most likely a purpose of this program? F to reduce the amount of waste in landfills G to persuade consumers to buy new electronics equipment H to raise money from the resale of the electronics equipment J to stop people from using older electrical equipment that may be unsafe 11. Read the excerpt below. 
Which of these principles found in the Bill of Rights is based on the Magna Carta? A guarantee of free speech B protection of the right of the state to organize a militia C provision for due process D prohibition against excessive bail and fines 12. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers home loans at low interest rates to low-income borrowers who live in rural communities. What is most likely the purpose of this government program? F to increase ownership of property G to regulate the lending industry H to encourage people to move J to raise tax revenues BCR 13. Read the news headline below. 
• Describe ways that the state limits the privileges of people who own, drive, or ride in cars. • Should the state government have this power? Explain why or why not. • Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 14. Which of these incidents led to the United States Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District? F A school principal censored articles from the school newspaper. G A school district used public transportation to segregate students by race. H School authorities searched a student’s handbag without a search warrant. J School authorities suspended students for wearing black armbands as a protest. 15. Which of these is a similarity between the United States Constitution and the Declaration of Independence? A They list the rights of those accused of a crime. B They divide powers of government among three branches. C They list the grievances of American colonists against Great Britain. D They state that government gains authority from the people. BCR 16. News organizations predict the winners of elections before all the votes are counted. On election day 2000, supporters of George W. Bush complained that news organizations predicted Al Gore to be the winner in California hours before the polls closed on the West Coast. • Explain reasons why Bush supporters may have been displeased with the early predictions. • Should news organizations predict the winners of elections? Explain why or why not. • Use details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 17. Great Britain and Japan are examples of democratic countries with a strong, central government that makes laws for the entire nation and limits the power of local governments. What form of government do these countries have? A authoritarian B confederation C federal D unitary 18. The purpose of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) is to promote health and safety by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Which of these is most likely a responsibility of this government agency? F to help healthcare workers find jobs G to fund and operate medical schools H to establish immunization programs for children J to enforce laws that protect people from discrimination 19. Which of these statements best describes a responsibility of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)? A Flight attendants at a major airline receive pay raises. B Major airlines announce price reductions on flights. C Pilots are given new regulations regarding rest periods. D The government reviews airline television advertisements. 20. Which of these is an example of plea-bargaining? F A jury determines the sentence for a person convicted of a crime. G A police officer collects evidence to obtain a search warrant. H A judge reviews evidence to determine whether a police officer violated a citizen’s rights. J A defendant admits guilt to a less serious charge instead of being tried for a more serious one. ECR 21. Look at the chart below. 
• Describe how the Fourteenth Amendment was the basis for these Supreme Court rulings. • Was additional Supreme Court action necessary after the Brown decision? Explain why or why not. • Explain how these decisions affect public education today. • Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 22. Which of these would most likely take place in a command economy? F Industrial leaders agree to control prices. G Stock traders create wealth through buying and selling. H Government leaders decide how goods will be produced. J Consumers decide the sales policies of business owners. 23. In Goss v. Lopez (1971), a group of children was suspended from school. The parents sued the Board of Education because the children were not given hearings before the suspension. Which of these was most at issue in this case? A due process B probable cause C separation of powers D rule of law Part Two Read the news article excerpt below. Then answer Numbers 24 and 25. 
24. Which of these is most likely a result of the action described in the news article? F Travelers will save time on the road. G Maryland will use more employees to take tolls. H The number of people using highways will decrease. J Other states will charge less for out-of-state travelers. 25. Which of these does the news article describe? A rising costs in the travel industry B regional cooperation among states C involvement of the federal government in state concerns D private industry taking over government responsibilities BCR 26. The United States has a mixed economy and is able to regulate many business activities. • What are the benefits of government control over business activities? • Should the United States government have more control or less control over business activities? Explain your answer. • Use details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 27. Read the information below. 
What was the purpose of the executive order above? A to maintain public order B to reduce unemployment C to protect the rights of individuals D to guarantee the safety of all citizens 28. Recently, the State of Maryland chose to make more decisions regarding land use state-wide. Which of these actions is least likely to be part of this new role? F encouraging preservation of open space G limiting the growth of development H taking money away from conservation projects J helping counties preserve farmland 29. Which of these Supreme Court cases established supremacy of the federal government over the states? A Plessy v. Ferguson B New Jersey v. T.L.O C Marbury v. Madison D McCulloch v. Maryland 30. Read the news article excerpt below. 
The action described in the article above is intended to F support local businesses G generate revenue for the city H promote economic equity in the area J limit support for local businesses 31. Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 requires that all schools receiving federal funds give male and female students equal opportunities in instruction and extracurricular activities. Which situation is in violation of this legislation? A prohibiting girls from playing varsity football B eliminating boys’ and girls’ soccer programs due to a lack of funding C requiring the same academic standards for athletes and non-athletes D discontinuing extracurricular activities in order to purchase textbooks 32. Study the graph below. 
The information in the graph is mostly about F the economic growth of the country G the tax revenues of the country H the prices of consumer goods J the tariffs placed on imports 33. The government of China tells factory managers to increase their use of computers in manufacturing. What economic question is most affected by the government’s actions? A what to produce B how to produce C for whom to produce D when to produce 34. Environmentalists have most often opposed government policies that F lease public lands to mining companies G set aside lands for preservation in national forests H protect natural resources through recycling programs J regulate economic development to stop deforestation BCR 35. Medicaid is a government program which helps pay medical expenses for persons with low incomes. Medicare, a similar program, provides healthcare benefits to the elderly. • Explain the advantages and disadvantages of government sponsored healthcare. • Should the government decrease or increase its spending on healthcare? Explain why or why not. • Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 36. Which of these activities is most likely a part of the United States Census? F polling experts to establish foreign policy G inspecting businesses to enforce safety laws H surveying homes to determine population figures J training workers to increase industrial productivity 37. A case that must be tried in a federal court is one involving A child custody B medical malpractice C product liability D copyright violation 38. In 1972, the United States and 143 other nations signed a treaty that banned the development, production, and storage of biological weapons. What is most likely the goal of this treaty? F to give nations the right to defend themselves G to stop nations from acquiring military secrets H to conduct research on the effects of biological weapons J to prevent the use of biological weapons by nations at war 39. Many states require people who receive public assistance to work in exchange for payments. Which of these statements is most likely a goal of this requirement? A The amount of tax revenue and spending will increase. B The number of people receiving state benefits will increase. C Individuals will have an opportunity to apply for other state benefits. D Individuals will have an opportunity to learn new skills and get jobs. BCR 40. Read the information below. 
• Explain why the United States would maintain trade with these countries. • Do you believe the United States should continue to trade with countries that do not have democratic governments? Explain why or why not. • Use details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. Look at the flowchart below. Then answer Numbers 41 and 42. 
41. Based on the information in the diagram, which of these controls does Mexico’s National Congress have over the President? A vetoing laws B rejecting judicial appointments C electing the President D selecting presidential candidates 42. Based on the information in the diagram, which of these best describes the system of government of Mexico? F monarchy G democracy H dictatorship J confederation 43. Which of these examples best reflects the principle of representative democracy? A Citizens of a town vote on all government issues. B The leader of a country makes all government decisions. C A judge finds a defendant guilty of a crime. D An elected official proposes a bill in the state legislature. 44. In 2000, the population of Frederick County, Maryland, was 195,277, which was an increase of 30 percent from 1990. Which of these contributed to the change in population? F approval of development plans by local county officials G implementation of strict environmental regulations H adoption of higher property tax rates J establishment of farmland preservation plans BCR 45. The exclusionary rule states that prosecutors may not use illegally obtained evidence in court. • Explain the privacy protections in the Bill of Rights that support this rule. • Do the advantages of the rule outweigh the disadvantages? Explain why or why not. • Include details and examples to support your answer. Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book. 46. The state legislature passed a bill allowing a tax increase to improve roads. The proposed law was then placed on the ballot for voters to decide on the tax increase. Which of these terms describes this action? F amendment G nomination H petition J referendum 47. Read the paragraph below. 
What principle of government is best reflected in the article above? A federalism B majority rule C judicial review D checks and balances 48. When a famous actress was accused of wrong-doing, the newspapers covered the event extensively. The actress was convicted of the crime, but appealed the verdict on the grounds that the pre-trial publicity prejudiced the jury. Which of these rights is in conflict with the freedom of the press? F the right to a speedy trial G the right to present witnesses H the right to legal counsel J the right to a fair trial 49. An interest group is most likely to A nominate party candidates B veto proposed legislation C set government policy D lobby elected officials 50. In a criminal case, the prosecutor is responsible for F handing down a sentence G representing the government H providing testimony under oath J making sure the law is passed 51. The United States signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in order to A decrease trade with European and Asian countries B decrease American investment in overseas markets C increase tariffs placed on products made in Mexico D increase trade opportunities for domestic businesses Look at the cartoon below. 
52. The cartoonist is making a statement about F rising costs of medical care G funding for candidates H high salaries of members of Congress J increasing costs of government programs 53. A bill was introduced in Congress to stop aid to countries that oppose United States policy in the United Nations General Assembly. Which of these issues most directly relates to this bill? A influencing policies in world organizations B encouraging peaceful solutions to military conflicts C providing industrial assistance to developing nations D developing world solutions to environmental problems 54. The Clean Air Act of 1970 set broad national goals for the reduction of air pollution. Which of these was a direct result of this act? F Prices of automobiles declined. G Fewer automobiles traveled on highways. H Automobile makers redesigned automobile engines. J Automobile smog problems were eliminated. Read the news article excerpt below. 
55. The bill described in the excerpt above is an example of A federal needs overriding state laws B government ownership of power companies C national legislation addressing a regional concern D environmental groups supporting national legislation 56. Which of these is most closely associated with an economic recession? F an increase in stock prices G a decrease in demand for labor H a decrease in the minimum wage J an increase in consumer spending 57. Which of these is a violation of due process? A A state eliminates representation for defendants. B A state requires that cars be inspected once a year. C A state requires the vaccination of all school children. D A state forbids a doctor from practicing without a license. 58. Which of these best describes the result of the Supreme Court’s ruling in New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985)? F Students have fewer privacy rights in school than in other public settings. G School officials must have search warrants in order to search student property. H School officials may plan religious assemblies for students. J Restrictions placed on student speech in schools are justified. Government Public Release 2005 Copyright © 2005 by Maryland State Department of Education.
GOVERNMENT HIGH SCHOOL ASSESSMENT - 2006 1. Which of these does the International Red Cross provide in time of war?
B trained personnel to assist in combat C military protection to nations surrounding war zones D ambassadors to help warring nations reach peaceful agreements
in a trial that was obtained by recording a phone conversation without a warrant. Which of these is most directly affected by this ruling? F consent of the governed G right to trial by a jury of one’s peers H suspension of the writ of habeas corpus J protection against unreasonable search and seizure 3. Read the excerpt below. “No [business] shall discriminate against a qualified individual with a disability. . . in regard to job application procedures, the hiring, advancement, or discharge [firing] of employees. . . . ” — Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990 The Americans with Disabilities Act is an example of a government action taken to A protect civil rights B maintain gender equality C promote cultural diversity D establish educational systems 4. Which of these is a way the government promotes economic equity and fairness? F redistributing income G increasing interest rates H monitoring tax rates on exports J decreasing the money supply 5. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), a federal government agency, regulates consumer products by developing and enforcing safety standards, and educating consumers.
responsibility of the CPSC? A to provide money to help businesses improve their products B to ensure that people are paying a fair price for a product C to help businesses identify products that will meet their needs
D to order a recall of a product that may cause harm to people 6. BCR Use your knowledge about government to answer the BRIEF CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE. • What is the difference between “preponderance of evidence” in a civil case and “reasonable doubt” in a criminal case? • Should there be different standards of proof? Why or why not? • Include details to support your answer.
policy?
B to create a classless society C to promote full employment D to own the means of production
RESPONSE that follows. Directory: file -> view view -> Western Europe after wwii view -> Author study: paul fleischman view -> Qpa1 7ela study Guide view -> Arctic Oil/Gas Neg view -> November 1970 Approximately 150,000-500,000 deaths Bhola Cyclone Bangladesh view -> Grade Level: 6 Unit of Study: Caribbean glce view -> Citation: Duffield, Katy view -> Table of Contents Lesson # view -> Chinese Wind Energy Disad Download 3.46 Mb. Share with your friends:
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