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Gram panchayat


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Panchayat (disambiguation).

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A gram panchayat is a local self-government institution at the village or small town level in India and has a Sarpanch as its elected head. Under British Colonial rule, the role of panchayats were strengthened, whereas under post-independence they were given little right of co-determination. After attempts to deal with local matters at the national level, panchayats were reintroduced as institutions of local self-governance in 1992.[1] As of 2002[dated info] there were about 265,000 gram panchayats in India. The gram panchayat is the cornerstone of thepanchayati raj system. A panchayat is needed for every town and village.

Contents


  [hide] 

  • 1 Structure

    • 1.1 Number of members for gram panchayat

  • 2 Sources of income

  • 3 Gram sabhas

  • 4 Meetings

  • 5 See also

  • 6 References

  • 7 External links

Structure[edit]















Republic of India









































































States




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Divisions




























































































































































































































Districts





















































































































































































Blocks
(Tehsils/Talukas)




Municipal Corporations
(Maha-Nagar-Palika)




Municipalities
(Nagar-Palika)




City Councils
(Nagar-Panchayat)



































































































































































Villages
(Gram/Gaon)
















Wards















































































The Sarpanch, or elected head, has the responsibilities of

  • Maintaining street lights, construction and repair work of roads in villages and also the village markets, fairs, collection of tax, festivals and celebrations

  • Keeping a record of births, deaths and marriages in the village

  • Looking after public health and [2] by providing facilities for sanitation and drinking water

  • Providing free education

  • To organise the meetings of gram sabha (ग्रामसभा) and gram panchayat (ग्रामपंचायत)

  • Providing health services and facilities

  • Implementing development schemes related to agriculture and animal husbandry

  • Planting trees in and around the village and to protect the environment

  • Maintaining public parks and playgrounds, etc.

  • Implementing various government schemes

A gram panchayat consists of between 7 and 17 members, elected from the wards of the village, and they are called a "panch". People of the village select a panch, with one-third of seats reserved for female candidates. To establish a gram panchyat in a village, the population of the village should be at least 300 people of voting age.

Number of members for gram panchayat[edit]


  • 600–1500 (population):7 members

  • 1501–3000: 9

  • 3001–4500: 11

  • 4501–6000: 13

  • 6001–7500: 15

  • 7501–9000: 17


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