Executive Summary 9
1Introduction – Realeyes Data Services Ltd and Eye-tracking 10
2The company’s intention to internationalize 11
2.1Why Australia 12
3Literature Review 16
3.1Introduction 16
3.2Objective and Scope of Literature review 16
3.3The literary link to our Approach 17
3.3.1Realeyes’ Service-product offering using Eye-tracking for usability research 19
23
3.4Stages of research: the other perspective 24
3.5Scrutiny of factors impacting research 30
3.6Risks and barriers 31
3.7Analytical tools and research methods used 32
3.8Further directions 35
4Research Methodology 35
4.1Interviews 35
4.2Questionnaire Survey 36
4.2.1Insight – Olympia, London 36
4.2.2Web based Surveys 37
5Ethnographic and Primary research (n=130) 38
5.1In-depth interviews & Findings 38
5.1.1Eye-tracking applications and marketing channels 38
5.1.2Most popular marketing/sales channels used for communicating products/services 39
5.1.3Linking maturity level of market and client awareness 39
5.1.4Most profitable and most targeted segment 39
5.1.5Pricing Strategy 39
5.1.6Project Duration and Data collection procedures 40
5.1.7Need for total solutions 40
5.2Web-based Questionnaire – Australian View 40
5.2.1Group demographics 40
5.2.2Perceived maturity level of the Australian market 41
5.2.3Client awareness 42
5.2.4Market expectations from eye-tracking services 43
5.2.5Popular Entry-mode choices 44
5.2.6Eye-tracking versus other research tools 44
5.2.7Barriers to accepting eye-tracking technology 44
5.2.8Willingness to spend on eye-tracking in Australia 46
5.2.9Perceived Value added by Eye-tracking services 49
5.3Insight Show and Web Surveys (Australian and Outsider View) (N=130) 51
5.4Summary of findings of from Interviews, ‘Insight’ Trade Show and Web-based Questionnaires 54
5.5Participant Observations 56
6External Analysis – PEST (Detailed PEST analysis in Appendix F) 60
6.1External analysis - Porter’s Five Forces (From research findings) 61
6.2Eye-tracking applications and benefit in terms of usability 62
6.3Research of the Australian Market 63
6.3.1Industry Demographic analysis 63
6.3.2Business Culture 65
6.3.3Competition in Australian market 66
6.3.4Market Attractiveness and potential 72
6.3.5B2B Buying Behaviour 82
7Internal Analysis 84
7.1Realeyes’ Capability to Internationalize 84
7.1.1Eye-tracking service process 85
7.2From the design school 86
7.3A SWOT ANALYSIS 88
7.3.1External appraisal (Threats and Opportunities in the environment) 88
7.3.2Internal appraisal (Strengths and weaknesses of organizations) 88
7.3.3Distinctive competences 89
7.3.4Key success factors 89
7.3.5Managerial values 91
7.4From Industrial organizational perspective 92
7.4.1Partner Network 93
8International Marketing Objectives 94
8.1What does Realeyes want to achieve? 94
9International Marketing Strategy 95
9.1Segmentation 96
9.2Identifying target Segments 98
9.2.1Factors for evaluating segments 98
9.2.2Evaluation of individual segments 99
9.2.3Selection of target segments 102
9.2.4Evaluation of Hypotheses (H1) 103
9.3Positioning 103
9.3.1Differentiating factors 103
9.3.2Challenges 104
9.3.3Realeyes – Master of Eye-tracking? 104
9.3.4Evaluation of Hypothesis on Positioning (H2) 105
9.4Entry-mode strategy 105
10Branding 108
10.1.1What is Realeyes’ “brand”? 108
10.2Brand communication in b2b world 108
10.2.1Establishing Realeyes’ brand – the CBBE model applied 109
10.3Service as a brand and its salience 110
11Marketing Mix 112
11.1Price 112
11.1.1Research findings 112
11.1.2Evaluation of Pricing Hypotheses (H3) 113
11.1.3International pricing framework 113
11.1.4Recommendations for Realeyes pricing strategy in Australia 115
11.2People 116
11.3Place 117
11.4Product 121
11.4.1Level 1: Core Product 121
11.4.2Level 2: Packaging of Product 121
11.4.3Level 3: Augmented Product 122
11.5Promotion program 122
11.5.1Promotion planning 124
11.5.2Promotion strategy during Project-Life-Cycle (Brassington & Pettitt, 2003: Pg 585) 126
11.5.3Promotion strategy for Realeyes 126
11.5.4Channel promotion tactics 127
11.6Process 127
12Implementation and control 129
12.1Cost-Benefit Analysis 129
12.2Finding the Break-even point 130
12.3Implementation - Action plan guidelines 131
12.4Risk Assessment 133
12.4.1Evaluation of hypothesis (H4) 135
13Conclusion and further directions 136
14References 137
15APPENDICES 147
15.1Appendix A - Australian business demographics: Factsheets and tables 147
15.2Appendix B – Other Determinants of Market Size 159
15.3Appendix C: Interview Questionnaires 159
15.3.1Summary of Interview with James Breeze 160
15.3.2Summary of Interview with Cinnamon Pollard 163
15.3.3Summary of Interview with Toby Biddle 166
15.3.4Summary of Interview with Claudia Mcinerney 169
15.3.5Summary of Interview with Ruzbeh, NOKIA MUSIC 172
15.3.6Summary of Interview with Kate Caldwell 175
15.3.7NUBS Realeyes internship interview 7 (2009-07-30) 180
15.3.8Summary of Interview with Tommy Strandvall 184
15.4Appendix D: Horizontal analysis of in-depth interviews: Tabulation 188
15.4.1When we asked the experts about Eye-tracking applications… 188
15.4.2When we asked experts about the most popular communication channels… 189
15.4.3When potential competitors/partners were asked to comment on their perception of the Australian market for eye-tracking services… 189
15.4.4 When clients were asked whether they felt eye-tracking added value to their products and services and their willingness to pay for eye-tracking services… 190
15.4.5 The competitors and partners were also asked about their most profitable and targeted segments 190
15.4.6 When prospective competitors and partners were also probed about their pricing strategy… 191
15.4.7When we asked the experts about Project Duration and Data collection procedures… 191
15.5 Appendix E: ‘Insight’ London Trade Show: Face-to-face interview findings 192
15.5.1Marketing channels of present and future 192
15.5.2Expectations from eye-tracking services 193
Barriers to eye-tracking services 193
15.5.3Willingness to spend on eye-tracking versus value added 194
15.6Appendix F: PESTLE Analysis 196
15.6.1Political 196
15.6.2Economic 197
15.6.3Social 198
15.6.4Technological 199
15.6.5Legal 203
15.6.6Environmental 203
15.7Appendix G: Australian Facts and agreements 204
15.7.1Facts 204
15.7.2Particular agreements 208
15.8Appendix H – Financial Notes for Cost-benefit/Budget and Break-even analyses (12.1) 209
Acknowledgements 210