| Typology of tourism in relation to health, medical and wellness tourism. Source: Adapted from USAID (2008, p. 18).
1. Leisure tourism (sun and fun activities).
2. Outdoor recreation, sports and wellness tourism (healthy activities, but health is not the central motive).
3. Health tourism (principle motive for travel is health).
4. Spa and wellness tourism (travel for sauna, massage, and other health activities).
5. Medical tourism (medical treatment and dental care).
Spa tourism
Wellness tourism
Abortion tourism
Cosmetic Surgery
Dental Tourism
Medical Tourism
Medical Travel
Illness Health Wellness
Interrelatedness of health, spa, wellness and medical tourism
domains. Source: Adapted from Hall (2011, p. 8).
The remaining trips are not related to leisure health tourism and can be classified as medical travels. The main providers of medical clinical tourism are hospitals, special clinics, medical centres, rehabilitation
centres.
The medical resort tourism is the direct successor of a Soviet resort system. It is based on the institutions, belonging to the sanatorium-resort complex, as stated above.
The Sanatorium is a medical institution dedicated to medical treatment, prevention and medical rehabilitation using natural health remedies combined with man-made factors, remedial gymnastics, dietary therapy and other methods in a specially organized regime.
A Prophylactic sanatorium is a sanatorium formed at the enterprise for balneological treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of enterprises’ personnel disease, combining medical care with the work. In the last years of the Soviet period sanatoriums began to be placed on federal and regional
Resorts.
A Medical pension is a holiday home with a complete ‘all inclusive’ package,
that also offers medical services.
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