Space Debris Affirmative
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- Inherency (1/8)
Space Debris AffirmativeSpace Debris Affirmative 1 Inherency (1/8) 2 Inherency (2/8) 3 Inherency (3/8) 5 Inherency (4/8) 6 Inherency (5/8) 7 Inherency (6/8) 8 Inherency (7/8) 9 Inherency (8/8) 10 Brink: Collisions (1/2) 11 Brink: Collisions (2/3) 11 Brink: Collisions (3/3) 13 Brink: Kessler Syndrome (1/3) 14 Brink: Kessler Syndrome (2/3) 14 Brink: Kessler Syndrome (3/3) 15 Brink: A lot of Debris (1/7) 17 Brink: A lot of Debris (2/7) 17 Brink: A lot of Debris (3/7) 19 Brink: A lot of Debris (4/7) 19 Brink: A lot of Debris (5/7) 21 Brink: A lot of Debris (6/7) 21 Brink: A lot of Debris (7/7) 22 Brink: Space Debris Clean-Up Necessary 24 Brink: ISS 26 Brink: Other 27 LEO Orbit = High Amount of Space Debris 29 Advantage 1: Satellites (1/7) 30 Advantage 1: Satellites (2/7) 31 Advantage 1: Satellites (3/7) 31 Advantage 1: Satellites (4/7) 33 Advantage 1: Satellites (5/7) 34 Advantage 1: Satellites (6/7) 34 Advantage 1: Satellites (7/7) 35 Advantage 3: Accidental War 37 Advantage 5: Hubble Telescope Add-On 38 Advantage 6: Spin-Offs Add-On 39 Advantage 7: ISS Add-On 40 Advantage 7: ISS Add-On 40 Orion Solvency (1/6) 42 Inherency (1/8)Inherency is on the brink – past efforts for international regulation have come apart due to recent debris accumulation and there are no legally binding restrictions. Wright 7 (David, Codirector and senior scientist, Global security program, Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Physics Today, Space Debris, October 2007, EBSCO - Vol. 60 Issue 10, p35-40, SP) International efforts are under way to control the production of debris from routine space activity. In the mid-1990s the US developed and released a set of debris-mitigation guidelines; subsequently other countries developed similar national guidelines. In 2002 the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee adopted a consensus set of guidelines,( n4) and in June 2007 the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) adopted a set of mitigation guidelines based on the IADC guidelines.( n5) To reduce the production of debris in space, all the guidelines call for measures such as designing satellites and rocket stages to limit the release of mission-related debris and depleting propellant from nonoperational satellites or stages to reduce the risk of explosions. By calling for spent stages and satellites to be removed from orbit, the guidelines also attempt to control the number of large objects in space that could break up due to collisions. Unfortunately, the guidelines are not legally binding. Nevertheless, those efforts appear to have been partially successful. The number of objects in the catalog increased roughly linearly from 1960 through the mid-1990s, but it rose at a much slower rate from 1997 through 2006, in part due to a significant reduction in the release of mission-related and fragmentation debris.( n6) Unfortunately, the January ASAT test and the Briz-M explosion in February that is estimated to have created at least 1000 trackable fragments appear to have essentially undone the gains in the previous decade. The explosion of the Briz-M stage could likely have been prevented by strict adherence to the IADC guidelines, which call for venting unused propellants. There are currently no international restrictions on the testing or use of military systems intended to destroy satellites. Any increase in fragmentation makes space impassable, there are no programs to remove debris in the squo, and the problem won’t solve itself. Wilder 10 (Benjamin, Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy, B.S., University of South Alabama, Naval Postgraduate School, Thesis for a Master of Science in Physics at the Naval Postgraduate School, Power Beaming, Orbital Debris Removal, And Other Space Applications Of A Ground Based Free Electron Laser, March 2010, http://dodreports.com/pdf/ada518696.pdf, SP) Considering the alarming rate of orbital debris generation, the era of mankind’s open and relatively simple access to space may be coming to an end. Any increase of fragmentation events, such as through a future war with anti-satellite engagements or simply from the continued collisions in crowded orbits, has the potential to render those orbits virtually useless for generations to come. If the Chinese ASAT engagement above generated ~3,000 pieces of debris, an anti-satellite war that destroys only 10 satellites could immediately double the current debris population, and this large debris field would spread over time to other orbits ”near” the parent satellite. Currently, there are no programs for the removal of space debris from orbit, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has only recently enacted guidelines to limit the creation of orbital debris. Likewise, the space debris problem will not “solve itself” in the near future. The anticipated orbital lifetime of debris in the 8001100 km range is on the Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. 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