Spectrum Management for a Converging World: Case Study on Australia International Telecommunication Union

This case study has been prepared by Fabio Leite <fabio.leite@itu.int>, Counsellor, Radiocommunication Bureau, ITU as part of a Workshop on Radio Spectrum Management for a Converging World jointly produced under the New Initiatives programme of the Office of the Secretary General and the Radiocommunication Bureau. The workshop manager is Eric Lie <eric.lie@itu.int>, and the series is organized under the overall responsibility of Tim Kelly <tim.kelly@itu.int>, Head, ITU Strategy and Policy Unit (SPU). Other case studies on spectrum management in the United Kingdom and Guatemala can be found at: http://www.itu.int/osg/sec/spu/ni/fmi/case_studies/.

This report has benefited from the input and comments of many people to whom the author owes his sincere thanks. In particular, I would like to thank Colin Langtry, my Australian colleague in the Radiocommunication Bureau, for his invaluable comments and explanations, as well as for his placid tolerance of my modestly evolving knowledge of his country. I would also like to express my gratitude to all officials and representatives whom I visited in Australia and who assisted me in preparing this case study, particularly to those of the Australian Communications Authority for their availability in providing support, explanations, comments, and documentation, which made up this report. Above all, I am grateful to those who were kind enough to accept this report as a succinct but fair description of the spectrum management framework in Australia.

The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of ITU or its membership.

Figure 2.1: The Australian continent

Figure 2.2: Australia compared with other territories

Figure 2.3: Mobile phone coverage

Figure 2.4: Evolution of fixed, mobile and Internet users in Australia

Figure 2.5: Mobile subscribers per 100 inhabitants (2002)

Figure 3.1: Evolution in the number of telecommunication carriers (1996-2002)

Figure 3.2: Radiocommunication and broadcasting regulation in Australia

Figure 4.1: ACA Spectrum planning process

Figure 4.2: A device boundary for a transmitter located at Mt Lofty, Toowoomba, Queensland

Figure 4.3: Licensing satellite systems

Figure 4.4: Typical space licensing configurations

Figure 4.5: ACA’s schemes for radiocommunication equipment and EMC product compliance

Figure 5.1: Result of the 2 GHz Spectrum Auction (3G/IMT-2000)

Figure 5.2: Australian 3G/IMT-2000 auction compared with others

Figure 5.3: Result of the 3.4 GHz Spectrum Auction (as of 31.1.02)

Figure 5.4: Breakdown of satellite licence number and revenue by sector

Figure 5.5: Frequency assignments, by type of user (March 2001)

Figure A1.1: Spectrum allocations to major spectrum uses in Australia

Tables

Table 2.1: Australia compared with other territories

Table 2.2: Economic data

Table 2.3: Main Australian trade relationships (2002-2003)

Table 3.1: Evolution of Australian telecommunication sector

Table 3.2: Australian Telecommunication Carriers (40 highest revenues in 2001-2002)

Table 3.3: Timetable for Australian radiocommunication regulations

Table 3.4: Broadcasting services bands

Table 4.1: The ACA's band plans

Table 4.2: Number of accredited persons and assignments registered, 1999–2003

Table 4.3: Ground or space segment licensing

Table 4.4: Spectrum allocation by licensing type

Table 4.5: Movement in number of devices registered under spectrum licensing

Table 4.6: Annual licence fees and the distribution of spectrum by use (or user), 1999‑2000

Table 4.7: Past Australian auctions

Table 4.8: Examples of current and potential bands for price-based spectrum allocation

Table 5.1: History of the 2 GHz (3G/IMT-2000) auction

Table 5.2: Satellites (geostationary) serving Australia

Table 5.3: Licensees of current space licences (in the Class Licence spectrum)

Table 5.4: Spread spectrum device frequency bands and power limits

Table 5.5: WLAN spectrum planning and licensing schemes

Table A3.1: Recommendations of the PC’s Radiocommunications Inquiry

Table A3.2: Outcomes of the ACA Workshop on Spectrum Licensing

Boxes

Box 3.1: Radiocommunications Act 1992 (RCA)

Box 3.2: Australian TV Broadcasting Environment

Box 3.3: Television Outside Broadcast (Electronic News Gathering in the 2.5 GHz band)

Box 4.1: The Accreditation Process

Box 4.2: Harmonization with Spectrum Licence

Box 4.3: Transfer of 2.4 GHz licences from TARBS to Austar

Box 4.4: Compliance labelling using the C-Tick mark

Box 5.1: IMT-2000 deployment in Australia

Box 5.2: Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) deployment in Australia

Box 5.3: Emergency Services

Box 5.4: The FedSat Australian microsatellite

Box A3.1: Key messages from the Productivity Commission’s Radiocommunications Review Report

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