Sra: Imagine It!, Themes, Taking a Stand, Ancient Civilizations Ecology, Great Expectations, Earth in Action, Art and Impact, Level 6
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Test-Taking Practice Read the story "Just Right." Then answer Numbers 1 through 4. Gabby stepped back and stared at her painting again. Something seemed wrong with it, but she wasn't sure what it was. She was looking at the painting from a different angle when there was a knock at the door. "Mom wants you to come help us with dinner," her brother Henry called. Gabby quickly moved her easel so the painting faced her closet. She called out, "I'll be right there." Henry poked his head into Gabby's room. "What are you doing in there anyway?" "I'm just doing some rearranging and organizing," Gabby answered lamely. Now the door opened a little wider. "I know that is a lie," said Henry with a sly grin. "Seriously, what are you up to?" Gabby tried to look innocent. Seeing her brother's doubtful look, she came to a decision. He will find out pretty soon anyway, she thought. "To tell the truth, I have been painting." Henry stepped into the room and inspected the surroundings. "The walls are the same color," he pointed out. "No, I have been painting a picture, " Gabby explained. "Mom and I went by an art supply store last week, and I have been doing some sketches," she said. "Now I am painting over one of them." For inspiration, Gabby had used a photograph that her father had taken. She had studied the photograph's shadows and forms carefully. Then she tried to capture them on her small canvas. Henry asked, "Why paint a picture of something if you already have a photograph of it?" 706 "A camera just records what it sees," explained Gabby. She was pleased with her brother's interest. "A painting can communicate an emotion. It can express how the painter feels about the subject. It can give the viewer a new way of looking at something." "Right," said Henry, who was clearly unconvinced. "So what is the painting of? Can I see it? Is it any good?" "It is not done," said Gabby. "Since you have asked so nicely, I will show it to you." She retrieved the easel and the canvas, swinging them behind her body so Henry could not see them. Then she turned with a flourish and said, "Ta-dah!" Henry stared at the painting. Whatever teasing comment he was about to make died on his lips, for the painting was of him! It showed Henry in a soccer game getting ready to kick the ball. And although it was realistic, Gabby had somehow made Henry look heroic. "Wow, I look like I am ten feet tall," gushed Henry. "I had no idea you were this talented, Gabby." Watching her brother admire the unfinished portrait, Gabby looked at the painting. Gone was the sense that there was something wrong with it. Now it looked just right.
Henry decided he liked the painting because -- A he wanted to make Gabby feel good B Gabby at first hid the picture from him C it made him look heroic D soccer was his favorite sport Why does Gabby try to keep her brother from knowing what she has been doing? A Gabby thinks her brother is being nosy. B Gabby is not sure that her painting is good. C Gabby worries her brother does not like soccer. D Gabby wants the painting to be a birthday surprise. Why did the author write "Just Right"? A to compare photographs with paintings B to explain how to make a painting C to tell a story about a young painter D to encourage readers to try painting How does Gabby's view of her painting change in the story? A She becomes more confident about it. B She decides not to finish it. C She thinks she can sell it. D She wants to hang it in the living room. Test Tips * Stay with your first answer unless another one is better. * If you do not know an answer, guess. * Look back at the story to find the answer. 708
Pronunciation Key a as in a t as in l a te â as in c a re ä as in f a ther e as in s e t as in m e i as in i t as in k i te o as in o x as in r o se ô as in b ou ght and r a w oi as in c oi n as in b oo k as in t oo
as in u se ûr as in t ur n, g er m, l ear n, f ir m, w or k as in a bout, chick e n, penc i l, cann o n, circ u s ch as in ch air hw as in wh ich ng as in ri ng sh as in sh op as in th in £ as in th ere zh as in trea s ure The mark ( ' ) is placed after a syllable with a heavy accent, as in chicken ( chik' n). The mark (') after a syllable shows a lighter accent, as in disappear ( dis ' p r ' ). 709
Glossary A abroad
( brôd ' ) adv. Outside of one's country. absorb
(ab zorb ' ) v. To soak up or take in. abstract
(ab ' strakt) adj. Having to do with a style of art that does not show real objects, but uses line, shape, and color to suggest an idea or feeling. abundant
( bun ' d nt) adj. More than enough; plentiful. access
(ak ' ses) n. A way or means of approaching or entering. accumulate ( k ' my l t') v. To collect. accustomed ( kus' t md) adj. Familiar with; used to. acolyte
(a' k l t) n. One who attends or assists. acquaintances ( kw n' t ns ez') n. Plural form of acquaintance: A person one knows, but who is not a close friend. adobe
( d ' b ) adj. Made of a dried clay brick, popular in Mexico and the southwestern United States. adobe affect
( fekt') v. To make something happen; to have an effect on. aftermath (af' t r math') n. The time following a disaster. air pressure (âr presh' r) n. The force that air puts on things; the result of the weight of the air high above Earth pressing down on the air that is below. alarming
( lärm' ing) A form of the verb alarm: To cause fear. alert
( lûrt') adj. Watching carefully; attentive. ample
(am' p l) adj. More than enough; abundant. annual
(an' l) adj. Measured by the year; happening or returning once a year. anthropologist (an' thr pä' l jist) n. A social scientist who studies human beings and their beliefs and ways of life. anxious
(angk' sh s) adj. Nervous, worried, or fearful about what may happen. anxiously (angk' sh s l ) adv. In a fearful or worried manner. appointment ( point' m nt) n. A position or office that one is officially given. appreciation ( pr ' sh ' sh n) n. An understanding of the value of something. apprentice ( pren' tis) n. A person who works for a skilled worker in order to learn a trade or art. arches
(ärch' ez) n. Plural form of arch: A curved structure over an open space; an arch is usually built to support the weight of the material above it. 710 architect bore Pronunciation Key:
architect (är ' ki tekt') n. A person who designs buildings and supervises their construction. Word History The word architect comes from the Middle French word architecte . This French word can be traced to a Greek word meaning "master builder." aroused
( rouzd ' ) v. Past tense of arouse: To cause an action or strong feeling; excite; stir. articulate (är ti ' ky l t) adj. Able to express an idea clearly and effectively. ascended
( send ' d) v. Past tense of ascend: To move or go up; rise or climb. ash
(ash) n. Mineral residue from a volcanic eruption. associated ( s ' s t' d) v. Past tense of associate: To connect in one's mind. atmospheric (at' m sf r ' ik) adj. Of, in, or having to do with the air surrounding Earth. authority ( th r ' i t ) n. 1. A person or group having control or command. 2. The power or right to make decisions, command, act, or control. average
(av ' rij) adj. Usual; typical; ordinary. aviation
( ' v ' sh n) n. The science or techniques of flying aircraft. avoid
( void ' ) v. To stay away from. awesome
(ô ' s m) adj. Causing wonder or fear. B bankruptcy (bangk ' rupt' s ) n. A state of being unable to pay what one owes. barely
(bâr ' l ) adv. Only just; scarcely. barren
(bâr ' n) adj. Not able to produce anything. basin
(b ' sin) n. An area that drains into a body of water. battered
(bat ' rd) v. Past tense of batter: To hit repeatedly with heavy blows. belief
(b l f ' ) n. An opinion that a person trusts. bewildering (bi wil ' d r ing) A form of the verb bewilder: To confuse or puzzle; mix up. bigotry
(bi ' g ' tr ) n. Intolerance. biodiversity (b ' di vûr ' si t ) n. The variations of plant and animal life in a specific habitat. blues
(bl z) n. Music that sounds sad and has a jazz rhythm. blurred
(blûrd) v. Past tense of blur: To make hard to see; make less clear. bobbing
(bob ' ing) A form of the verb bob: To move up and down or back and forth with a jerky motion. bore
(b r) v. To proceed or make steady progress against resistance, such as drilling or digging a hole. 711 bound channel bound (bound) adj. Going or intending to go; headed. boundary (boun ' d r ) n. A line that marks the edge of a country, state, or other area; border. boycotted (boi ' kot' d) v. Past tense of boycott: To join with others in refusing to buy from or deal with a person, nation, or business. Word History The term boycott originated in 1880 when Irish tenants refused to do business with Charles C. Boycott, an English land agent who would not reduce rents and tried to have these tenants evicted. bulge (bulj) n. A part that bends or swells outward. bulk (bulk) n. The largest or main part. burdened (bûr ' d nd) v. Past tense of burden: To bear a heavy load. burro (bûr ' ) n . A small donkey used for riding and for carrying loads. burro C cabinet
(kab ' nit) n. A case or cupboard, usually having doors and shelves. cable
(k ' b l) n. An electronic means of transfer between two places. Word Derivations Below are some words and phrases derived from the word cable. cabled cablegram cable television calculations (kal' ky l ' sh nz) n. Plural form of calculation: The act, process, or result of addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division. canals
(k nalz ' ) n. Plural form of canal: A waterway dug across land for boats and ships to travel through, and for carrying water to places that need it. canopy
(kan ' p ) n. The highest part of a forest where leaves are thickest. capacity
(k pas ' i t ) n. The amount that can be held in a space. carbon dioxide (kär ' b n d ok ' s d) n. A colorless and odorless gas made up of carbon and oxygen that is part of the air we breathe. career
(k r r ' ) n . The work that a person does throughout his or her life. cargoes
(kär ' g z) n. Plural form of cargo: Freight; bundles. cast
(kast) v. To shape by pouring a soft material into a mold to harden. cataclysm (ka ' t ' kli z m) n. An event that brings great changes. catastrophic (ka' t strä ' fik) adj. Violent and often sudden, in reference to a disastrous event. channel
(chan ' l) n. A passage for a waterway. 712 channeled considerable Pronunciation Key:
channeled (chan ' ld) v. Past tense of channel: To form, cut, or wear a passage in. chanted
(chant ' d) v. Past tense of chant: To sing or shout words over and over. Chants usually have a strong rhythm. chaotic
(k o ' tik) adj. Lacking a visible order or organization. charge
(chärj) n. A quantity of electricity. chariot
(char ' t) n. A two-wheeled vehicle drawn by horses, used in ancient times in warfare, races, and processions. cherished (châr ' ishd) v. Past tense of cherish: To love and treat tenderly. choppy
(chop ' ) adj. Rough with small waves; interrupted by ups and downs. choreography (kor' og f ) n. The art of creating and arranging dances or ballets. cinders
(sin ' d rz) n. Plural form of cinder: A piece of coal, wood, or other material that has been burned up or that is still burning but no longer flaming. circulated (sûr' ky l t ' d) v. Past tense of circulate: 1. To move around widely among different places. 2. To pass from person to person. civilizations (siv' l z ' sh nz) n . Plural form of civilization: A condition of human society in which agriculture, trade, government, art, and science are highly developed. Civilization is often characterized by the use of writing and the growth of cities. classify
(klas ' f ') v. To arrange in groups. clung
(klung) v. Past tense of cling: To hold or hold on tightly. clustered (klus ' t rd) v. Past tense of cluster: To gather or grow into bunches. coincided (k ' in s d ' d) v. Past tense of coincide: To happen at the same time. collide
(k l d ' ) v. To crash against each other. column
(kol ' m) n. Anything shaped like an upright structure such as a post or pillar. commence
(k mens ' ) v. To begin; start. commuting (k m t ' ing) A form of the verb commute: To travel regularly from one place to another. compassionate (k m pash ' net) adj. Having or showing sympathy. complex
(k m pleks ' ) adj. Made up of many connected parts; hard to understand or do. compromise (kom ' pr m z') n. The settlement of an argument or dispute by agreeing that each side will give up part of its demands. conducted (k n dukt ' d) v. Past tense of conduct: To direct or lead. confirmed (k n fûrmd ' ) v. Past tense of confirm: To show to be true or correct. conflicts (kon ' flikts) n. Plural form of conflict: A strong disagreement. conservation (kon' sûr v ' sh n) n. The protection and wise use of forests, rivers, minerals, and other natural resources. considerable (k n sid ' r b l) adj. Great in amount or extent. 713 constitute cycle constitute (kon ' sti t t) v. To make up; form. constraint (k n str nt ' ) n. Something that restricts or limits. consultant (k n sul ' t nt) n. A person who has a lot of expert knowledge of a profession or line of work and whose job is giving advice to others in that profession or line of work. consulting (k n sult ' ing) A form of the verb consult: To meet in order to talk together and share ideas and opinions. controversial (kon' tr vûr ' sh l) adj. Marked by or causing disputes and disagreements. controversy (kon ' tr vûr' s ) n. A disagreement; dispute. core (kor) n. The central part of Earth. corrals (k ralz ' ) n. Plural form of corral: An area with a fence around it. A corral is used to keep cattle, horses, and other animals from straying. corresponding (k r spond ' ing) adj. Matching. cramped (krampd) adj. Pained from overuse. crane (kr n) n. A large bird with thin, very long legs and a long neck and bill. crater (kr ' t r) n . A hollow area that looks like the inside of a bowl. creative (kr ' tiv) adj. Having or showing ability to make or do something in a new way. creed (kr d) n. A statement of what a person or group of people believes in. crescent (kres ' nt) n. Something with a thin, curved shape like a quarter moon. crowns (krounz) n. Plural form of crown: The highest or top part of anything. crust (krust) n. The outer part of a planet. curious (kyûr ' s) adj. Eager to learn new, strange, or interesting things. currency (kûr ' n s ) n. The money used in a country. currents (kûr ' nts) n. Plural form of current: The part of the air or of a body of water that is moving along in a path. curvaceous (kûr v ' sh s) adj. Having a smooth, round shape. cycle (si ' k l) n. A series of events that happens regularly. crane Word History The words controversial and controversy come from the Latin prefix contro-, which means "against," and versus, the past participle of vertere, which means "to turn." Word History The word crowns comes from the plural form of a Greek word meaning "garland or wreath." 714
dangle despite Pronunciation Key: a t; l te; c â re; f ä ther; s e t; m; i t; k te; o x; r se; ô in b ou ght; c oi n; b k; t ; f or m; ou t; u p; se; t ûr n; sound in a bout, chick e n, penc i l, cann o n, circ u s; ch air; hw in wh ich; ri ng ; sh op; th in; ere; zh in trea s ure. D dangle
(dang' g l) v. To hang or swing loosely. data
(d ' t ) pl.n. Items of information. dawdled
(dôd' ld) v. Past tense of dawdle: To move idly. DDT
n. A powerful insecticide. debut
(d b ') v. To perform something for the first time. decade
(dek' d) n. A period of ten years. deceitful (di s t' f l) adj. Dishonest. decent
(d ' s nt) adj. Meeting accepted standards; adequate. decipher
(di s ' fûr) v. To figure out the meaning of something difficult to read or understand; to figure out a secret code. declaration (de' kl r ' sh n) n. An announcement. dedicate
(ded' i k t') v. To commit to a goal. dedication (ded' i k ' sh n) n. The act of setting apart for a special purpose or use. deed
(d d) n. Something done; act; action. defy
(di f ') v. To withstand; to resist stubbornly. deliberately (di lib' r it l ) adv. Carefully and slowly. delicate
(del' i k t) adj. Fragile. delta
(del' t ) n. An area of land at the mouth of a river. A delta is formed by deposits of mud, sand, and pebbles. It is often shaped like a triangle. dense
(dens) adj. Packed closely together; thick. densely
(dens' l ) adv. In a closely packed, thick way. depicted
(di pikt' d) v. Past tense of depict: To show; describe. deposits
(di poz' itz) n. Plural form of deposit: A large amount of mineral in rock or in the ground. descend
(di send') v. To move or come from a higher place to a lower one. despair
(di spâr') n. A complete loss of hope. v. To completely lose hope. Past tense : despaired (di spârd') desperately (des' p r t' l ) adv. With great intensity. despite
(di sp t') prep . In spite of; regardless. delta Word History The word descend comes from the Latin prefix de-, which means "down" or "from," and the Latin word scandere, which means "to climb." 715
detached dominating detached
(di tachd ' ) v. Past tense of detach: To remove or separate from. developed (di vel ' pd) v. Past tense of develop: To cause to grow; to advance. devoted
(di v t ' d) v. Past tense of devote: To give effort, attention, or time to some purpose. devoured
(di vou ' rd) v. Past tense of devour: To eat; consume. diagnosed (d ' g n sd') v. Past tense of diagnose: To recognize a disease or condition. dignified (dig ' n f d') adj. Having or showing self-respect and self-control; confident and calm. dignity
(dig ' ni t ) n. The condition of showing one's pride and worthiness in a confident manner. dikes
(d ks) n. Plural of dike: A dam or high wall of earth built to hold back the waters of a sea or river. diplomat
(dip ' l mat) n. A person whose job is to handle relations between his or her own country and other countries. discontent (dis' k n tent ' ) n. Unhappiness or restlessness. discords
(dis ' kordz) n. Plural form of discord: A lack of agreement or harmony; disagreement. discovery (dis k ' v r ) n. Something that has been learned or found for the first time. disembodied (dis' m bod ' d) adj. Removed from the body. disobey
(dis' b ' ) v. To refuse or fail to follow commands. dispute
(dis p t ' ) n . An argument or quarrel. disrupted (dis rupt ' d) v. Past tense of disrupt: To break up or apart. distill
(dis til ' ) v. To purify a liquid through evaporation and condensation. distinctly (di stingkt ' l ) adv. Easily noticed or understood. disturbed (di stûrbd ' ) v. Past tense of disturb: To make uneasy or upset. diverse
(di vûrs ' ) adj. Not all the same; varied. diversity (di vûr ' si t ) n. Great difference; variety. documents (dok ' y m nts') n . Plural form of document: A written or printed statement that gives official proof and information about something. domed
(d md) adj. In the shape of a dome, a round roof that looks like an upside-down cup. dominating (dom ' n t' ing) A form of the verb dominate: To rule or control because of power, strength, or importance. Word Derivations Below are some words derived from the word document.
domed
716 dormant embroidery Pronunciation Key:
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