Take-Home Test (Paragraphs, Citation, and Cohesion) Name I. Parts of a Paragraph

Name _______________________

The next reason why website plagiarism is widespread is copyright blurring.¹ Specifically, websites don’t display the copyright clearly.² Bailey (2005) states that websites don’t clearly show if files have copyright or not.³ This means that when people download the files which have copyright from websites for free, they become website plagiarizers but they even don’t know why the action is considered plagiarizing.⁴ Also, this lack of copyright is often seen as free availability. ⁵ Indeed, Eric Bagdonas, a senior researcher at the Harvard states that if files are online and the copyright isn’t mentioned, most people naturally think that they can download these files for free (as cited in Forsloff, 2009).⁶ What Bagdonas means is that most people feel more indebtedness to an author or an owner of an idea if this person is known.⁷ On the other hand, if an article, a song, or a file is posted anonymously online, it will seem as if no one has ownership over the idea, so others will feel as if they can claim this ownership.⁸ As a result, because information about ownership is unclear on websites, more and more people feel as if they can take files and use them as their own, resulting in the recent increase in website plagiarism.⁹

1. 
   Which sentence is the topic sentence? _________
   
   1. 
      What is the topic of this sentence? ___________________
      
   2. 
      What is the focus of this sentence? ___________________
      
   3. 
      What is the supporting point in this sentence? ________________________
      
2. 
   Which two sentences are details? ________ _________
   
3. 
   Who is the author of the article used for the first evidence? ___________________
   
4. 
   Who is the author of the article used for the second evidence? ___________________
   
5. 
   Which sentence(s) explain the first evidence? _________
   
6. 
   Which sentence(s) explain the second evidence? _________
   
7. 
   Which sentence(s) summarize the paragraph? _________
   

Technology represents man’s attempt to make life easier. Technological advances improve people’s standard of living and lead to a greater variety of products. Progress allows people more time to spend on higher-level concerns such as love, religion, and the perfection of one’s soul.

If people resisted technological change, they would be expressing their satisfaction with existing levels of disease and hunger. In addition, without experimentation and change, human existence would be boring. However, an innovative idea from one not only contributes to the progress of others, but also creates conditions permitting people to advance even further. Ideas interact in unexpected ways, and innovations are frequently used in unforeseen applications. Thus, technology is constantly leading human kind in new, exciting, and innovative directions.

1. 
   Based on the lexical chains present in this article, what is the topic of this section? ______________
   
2. 
   Is the position of this article positive or negative? ____________________________
   
3. 
   Write three categories of lexical chains here. ______________ ______________ ______________
   

1. 
   Students who want to succeed in school, have to work hard for their goals.
   

1. 
   In order to achieve these goals, many of them turn to plagiarism.
   
2. 
   Plagiarism is a way that many students choose to achieve their goals.
   

2. 
   Although plagiarism is considered to be bad thing by most people in academia, it has been increasing rapidly among young generation.
   
   1. 
      Teachers have tried to make students do their own work, but the situation is getting worse.
      
   2. 
      The situation is getting worse despite attempts by teachers to make students do their own work.
      

3. 
   Because students are usually judged by their grades, some students plagiarize to get ahead.
   
   1. 
      Even though many students don’t want to plagiarize, academic pressure gives them no choice.
      
   2. 
      The academic pressure that many students face gives them no choice but to plagiarize.
      

1. 
   Title: Some Thoughts on Academic Honesty and Integrity
   

Published: 2001

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

2. 
   Title: Plagiarism Lines Blur for Students in Digital Age
   

Published: August 2, 2010

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

3. 
   Title: The Shadow Scholar
   

Published: November 12, 2010

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

1. 
   Jenkins, 2011, states that many students don’t even know what plagiarism is.
   

2. 
   According to Gabriel (2010), writes that colleges have begun to use technology to prevent students from cheating.
   

3. 
   “Only by demonstrating, through commitment to the integrity of that enterprise, that the life of the mind is the most important human activity” (Kennedy, 2001, para. 6). In other words, preventing plagiarism can only be successful if students are shown that the learning one achieves through hard work is the most valuable type of learning.
   

4. 
   Blum (2009) argued that that higher education is currently trying to impress students with technology and frighten them with threats about what could happen if they plagiarize.
   

5. 
   Alice Newhall, a senior in a top high school in northern Virginia, claims, “Cheating is a shortcut and it’s a pretty efficient one in many cases” (Newhall, 2002).
   

Thesis statement:
Topic:
Focus:
Supporting point:
Topic sentence:
Citation:
Source:
Evidence:
Paraphrase:
Quotation/Quote:
Reference list:
APA format:
Cohesion:
Collocates/collocation:
Lexical/lexicon: