The pc. Introduction



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Introduction


Hello, I’m Ashley chamberlain and today I’ll talk about the history of gaming platforms, now a few of you may not know what I mean by platforms. I’m referring to game consoles such as the Xbox one, PS4(play station 4) as well as PC. I will also cover mobile platforms such as mobile phones and tablets. There will also be a bit of talk about TV. In each section I will give a general overview of the platform. Also talk about one of the first machines created for that platform, so the first PC, first arcade machine and so on, this will generally contain when the first type of the platform was created, who created it, and where. Ill then talk about the specifications and limitations, so basically what it could do. Then I’ll talk about how it affected the industry, and the machines that followed it. Finally there will be a brief introduction/reference to the next platform ill cover.

The pc.

Introduction


Ah, the pc, the longest lasting and most well-known of the platforms. Almost every household in most countries have a pc or laptop (a more portable version of a PC) and is generally received as the most powerful and useful of the platforms.

History


The programma 101 was the first pc to be made available to the general public, produced by the Italian company Olivetti and invented by the engineer Pier Giorgio Perotto, who also invented the magnetic card system. []

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/olivettiunderwood_programma101.jpg/1280px-olivettiunderwood_programma101.jpgFront view of programma 101 []

The project started in 1962 and was finished in 1964, it was then mass produced in 1965, retailing for $3200[]. Before the programma PC’s were extremely large and only useable by trained specialists. Generally speaking the programma 101 marked the beginning of the personal computer.

The programma 101 was more or less a huge calculator at the time, however because it had 16 conditional jump instructions, it was widely received as a “computer” (a state machine) rather than "calculator" (a simple enumerator of instructions).

Main company’s producing pcs


The two most widely known producers of PCs are of course windows and apple. Windows was the first of the two to produce PCs, which were generally received by the public as good and well designed. Apple started producing pcs in the mid 2000’s, as well as producing phones, tablets, and laptops. They’re one of the main competitors for both the pc industry and the mobile/tablet industry.

Effect on the industry


Like I said before, the programma 101 was the first pc made available to the general public and marked the beginning of the PC era. It sold around 40,000 copy’s, 90% of which were should in the united states[].Hewlett Packard was forced to pay $900,000 in royalties to Olivetti after copying some of the solutions from the programma101, like the magnetic card and architecture, in the HP 9100.There was also about 10 sold to NASA to help with the Apollo moon landing [].

The limitations for the whole platform


Theoretically speaking PCs are more limited by the technology at the time more than their overall design. If you look at movies and video games that are set in the future many show the pc still being used in some way, and the likely-hood of this actually happening is very high.

Timelines


http://www.acromag.com/sites/default/files/50th-anniversary-poster_lores.jpg[]

http://www.akhilesh.in/science/articles/media/005ibmpchardwaretimeline.jpg[]

Arcade machines

Introduction


Arcade machines, simple and fun. Arcade machines were extremely popular in the 1970’s and 80’s, whilst they may be still around today, they’re not nearly as popular as they were, mostly due to the advancement in consoles and PC’s.

History


Bushnell and Dabney founded Atari, inc in 1972, before releasing their new game; pong. Pong was the first arcade game created and it was a huge success, selling over 19,000 pong machines [].

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/signed_pong_cabinet.jpg/640px-signed_pong_cabinet.jpgPong machine, created by the designer Allan Alcorn.

Due to the success of pong as an arcade machine they also started work on a home version in 1974, this home version of pong also contained the highest performing chip used in consumer product at the time.


Effect on the industry


Pong was a huge success on the industry, earning four times as much as other coin-operated machines []. This sparked a huge amount of copies of pong to be made by rival companies, however due to Atari not filing for patents of the technology used there was little they could do. The home version of pong was also a huge success, selling over 150,000 units in the year it was released.

The limitations of the platform


Arcade machines were extremely popular in the 1970’s and 80’s, however as the technology for consoles and PC’s improved fewer people found arcade machines interesting. The main limitation of arcade machines is that they’re only set up in certain places, making them hard or difficult to find for some people. Another reason why arcade machines got less and less popular is simply because of home consoles and pcs being more preferable, after all would you rather walk for thirty minutes into town to play an arcade machine for thirty minutes and then walk back home, or play a game on a home console or pc for an hour and thirty minutes?

Timelines


http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_w8fhqao68i/uwpjylmyiqi/aaaaaaaaaf0/jsziydsdo-o/s640/plan.jpg[]

Consoles

Introduction


Good old consoles, reliable (for the most part), easy to obtain, and fun for the family. As I’m sure many of you already know the two main competitors for console gaming is of course Sony and Microsoft. Consoles have been around since the early 1970’s and are most likely the most well-known of the platforms.

History


One of the earliest home consoles was the Atari 2600, originally called the Atari VCS (video computer system). Released in September of 1977 for North America and sometime in 1978 for Europe. Over 30 million copies were sold as of 2004.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/02/atari-2600-wood-4sw-set.png/1920px-atari-2600-wood-4sw-set.pngPicture of the Atari VCS/2600[]

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