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PIGSKIN GEOGRAPHY®

Answer Key

November 4, 2007 - Week #9


Missouri Compromise to settle an issue of free and slave states, and the term is generically used to mean a line between the North and the South.
** There are about 46,726 miles of interstate highway in the United States. They are America's circulatory system, the modern Main Street. How do you remember how mile-markers count on Interstate highways? The sun comes UP in the east and goes DOWN in the west. Markers count mileage UP as you travel east, and DOWN as you travel west. On a map, north is always UP and south is always DOWN. Mile-markers count UP as you travel north, & DOWN as you go south.
*** About 85,000 tourists a year come to Crater of Diamonds State Park to scrounge for the stones, and

2006 was the 100th anniversary of the finding of the first diamond there. About 20% of the diamonds are of gem quality. What design do you see on the Arkansas state flag? What do you see on the back of the Arkansas quarter?


It is the world's only public site where anybody can lay down $4.50 and sift the soil for diamonds. During the peak summer season, an average of seven diamonds are found at the park every day. Other semi-precious gemstones also can be found among them amethyst, opal, quartz and jasper. www.craterofdiamondsstatepark.com
See: “ZipUSA: Murfreesboro, AR, U-Dig Diamonds”,

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine, March 2002, Page 118


NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine, “Diamonds: The Real Story”, March 2002, Pages 2-35. How diamonds are mined in Africa and eventually get to your jewelry shop through a secretive network. These precious gems carry a huge cost in human suffering.

Saturday, November 3rd is Sadie Hawkins Day. Tell the boys in your class to go hide.
NEXT WEEK: Rivers running from Denver to Kansas City

French heritage of St. Louis and New Orleans

Carpet (Georgia) & furniture (North Carolina)

Kudzu vines

Pony Express originated in St. Joseph, MO, and why they put holes in

doughnuts. Do you believe it?

Ft. Sumter in South Carolina

Cruising from San Francisco to Seattle

Redwood Empire in northwestern California

Crater Lake and the caldera within

Honoring Veterans’ Day---Honoring WWII www.ddaymuseum.org www.dday.org www.wwIImemorial.com

Becoming a little bit of a vexillologist


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PIGSKIN GEOGRAPHY®



Answer Key

November 11, 2007 - Week #10


1- Charlotte, Pittsburgh, Green Bay Will some students say Kansas City? Well, Arrowhead Stadium is

in Missouri, but give them credit for good thinking.

The Vikings are going over Eau Claire. Any other Paul Bunyan stories? Any TRIBUNE-REVIEW students going to the game? You VINDICATOR readers, watch the Browns go over.
2- St. Louis Rams

3. Clear mountain streams flow into the South Platte River in Denver. This river becomes the Platte

River at N. Platte, NE. This river flows into the Missouri River at Plattsmouth, NE, (Get It? Platt’s mouth) and onto Kansas City where THE STAR readers will be there to see if the water is still Eau Claire. SGS
4. French heritage of New Orleans and St. Louis. St. Louis was named for King Louis IX. Discuss the

heritage of your city or town. SGS

5- California

6. Atlanta Falcons vs. Charlotte(CAR) Panthers A study reported in May of 2005 that the use of kudzu pills may curb binge drinking. Glad they found kudzu useful for something. This is an

invasive species from Japan that was brought here with good intentions that went wrong.

7. Foot of the mountain

8- I-85 NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine, “North Carolina’s Piedmont: On a Fast Break”, March 1995, pages 114-138.
9- _2_ Arkansas, _5_ Delaware, _3_ Mississippi, _1_ Red, _4_ Tennessee

10. Pony Express www.xphomestation.com www.nps.gov/poex Have some student(s) plot the route

of the Pony Express from the websites given. *
11. Atlanta Falcons vs. Charlotte(CAR) Panthers Accept Georgia & North Carolina.

Most of the carpet in the U.S. is made in a 50 mile radius of Dalton, GA. Mother probably knows that North Carolina is the leading furniture manufacturing state in the nation. SGS


12- Buffalo Bills

13. Civil War began Margaret Mitchell’s birthday is November 8th. She wrote Gone with the Wind, the

most famous romantic novel about the Civil War and reconstruction.
14. San Francisco Bay, through the Golden Gate Strait, north on the Pacific Ocean, into the

Strait of Juan de Fuca, across Puget Sound, and into Elliott Bay. SGS


15. Redwood Empire Redwood trees can grow 350 ft. tall and be 2,000 years old. SGS

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC TRAVELER, “Into the Garden of the Giants”, July 2005, page 42.


16. At 1,932 ft., it is the deepest lake in the United States. Wizard Island in Crater Lake is an extinct

volcano, too. SGS

17. Caldera. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC TRAVELER, “Oregon’s Crater Lake”, Jan/Feb ’05 pages 53-56.
18. A vexillologist is a person who studies the science and history of flags, so you would be studying and

trying to learn about the history of our flag. Something you might learn. Myth has it that Betsy Ross sewed our first flag, but she didn’t. Francis Hopkinson probably designed the first flag.


“God Bless American” was written especially for Kate Smith. She first sang it on Nov. 11, 1938.
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PIGSKIN GEOGRAPHY®

Answer Key

November 11, 2007 - Week #10


19- I-70 through Topeka, KS

20- I-55 through Jackson, MS

21- 5:00

22- 11:00

23- Eight (8)

24- IN IL, MO, KS, CO, NM, AZ, CA

Are any of you ANN ARBOR NEWS readers going to the Winter Art Fair on Saturday?
For you BOSTON HERALD students, is there any recognition of the Boston fire of November 9, 1872?

It is ironic that the Boston fire came one year, one month and one day after the Great Chicago Fire of

November 8, 1871.
* How did doughnut holes originate? This story was told during a tour of the Pony Express Museum in St. Joseph. One rider was a handsome young man that captured the eyes of the local young ladies, and they baked various pastries for him as he rode through town. One young lady conceived the idea of putting holes in the pastries so he could string them on his fingers, therefore, able to carry more “goodies”. Did all you NEWS-PRESS students know this?

Ms. Goold thinks it’s true.



NEXT WEEK: Children’s Book Week, November 12-18. Try to encourage everyone to

read a book or two next week. www.cbcbooks.org


Transcontinental flight

Interstate highways

Monument Circle in Indianapolis to honor Veterans’ Day

Robert Fulton sailing the Clermont on the Hudson. Good American history.

Finger Lakes of western New York

Presidents on Mt. Rushmore

Free ice water at Wall Drug in Wall, SD

Butterfield Stagecoach Line

Chesapeake Bay is largest estuary

More on peninsulas

Atchafalaya Swamp in Louisiana

Great Salt Lake in Utah

Population center of the United States

Copper mines in eastern Arizona


Try to obtain more information as to what is causing the whirling disease in fish in Maryland, Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River.

To get Christmas cards and letters postmarked from North Pole, Alaska, put addressed & stamped envelop(s) in a larger envelop or box and send to:


North Pole Christmas Cancellation, Postmaster

5400 Mail Trail

Fairbanks, Alaska 99709-9999
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PIGSKIN GEOGRAPHY®

Answer Key

November 18, 2007 - Week #11


1- New Orleans Saints, Pittsburgh Steelers, Tampa Bay Buccaneers

2- San Diego Chargers

3- The Bears on I- 90. The Buccaneers on I- 75. The Chiefs on I- 70. The Saints on I- 10.

The Patriots on I- 90


4. Free ice water NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine, “Good Things in the Badlands--Reefs in a

Prairie Sea”, April 2004, pages 78-97.

5. G. Washington, A. Lincoln, T. Jefferson, T. Roosevelt. The presidents were given SGS

a “facial” in July of 2005 to remove decades of damaging dirt, grime & lichens.


Washington = Liberty/Independence; Lincoln = Unity/Preservation; Jefferson = Growth/Expansion; Roosevelt =Courage/bravery/conservation. www.nps.gov/moru
6. Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt. However, it was a political cartoonist who captured the moment and

made the Teddy Bear popular. President Roosevelt could not kill a bear cub when he was hunting in Mississippi. Clifford Berryman, a political cartoonist, witnessed the incident and drew the president along side the cub, and this was the beginning of the craze.


7. Indianapolis, IN. Monument Circle is why Indianapolis is called “Circle City”.

8. Hudson River. Clermont

9. Boston(N.E.) Patriots Glaciers made the Finger Lakes. * www.visitfingerlakes.com and www.fingerlakes.org SGS
10- It’s ironic that the KC Chiefs will fly near Arcola, IL, where the 18th annual Raggedy Ann and Andy

Festival was held last June. The group is lobbying to have Andy put into the National Toy Hall of Fame. They say it’s not fair to have just Ann there. Students might write to nominate and lobby.

www.museumofplay.org is toy museum in Rochester, NY. 585-263-2700 is telephone number.
11. St. Louis Rams vs. San Francisco 49ers. A historical marker in front of the Daisy Airgun Museum in

Rogers, AR, recounts that Rogers was a changing station for the teams of horses on the Butterfield Stagecoach route.


12- Chesapeake Bay, Delaware Bay.

13. Where a river flows into a bay to mix with ocean water. ** SGS

See: NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine “Why can’t we save Chesapeake Bay?”, June 2005, pages 22-49. The bay is losing oxygen & aquatic life. The algae Karlodinium micrum is increasing. Look for reports from the EPA and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science.

H.L. Mencken, the Sage of Baltimore, called the Chesapeake an “immense protein factory.”

See: NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine, “Our Coasts in Crisis”, July 2006, pages 60-87. This article is about the Atlantic, Pacific and Gulf coasts, and estuarine poor conditions.
14. San Francisco is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean, the Golden Gate Strait and San Francisco Bay.

15- Green Bay Packers

16- Detroit Lions

17. Atchafalaya Basin/Swamp *** THE ADVOCATE students don’t have to answer this. Hello, Ms. Lowe.

18. Great Salt Lake

19. 45 degrees N. latitude Students should understand the concept that at 45 degrees N. latitude,


continued
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PIGSKIN GEOGRAPHY®

Answer Key

November 18, 2007 - Week #11


Minneapolis is exactly half way between the Equator & North Pole, and on August 1st, some in

Minneapolis were exactly half way between the highway and the river.


20. Nashville(TN) Titans Have a student(s) plot the shifts in the center of population on a map from

1790 to 2000 by consulting THE WORLD ALMANAC-2007, page 595. On April 23, 2001, a brass marker was placed in concrete at Edgar Springs, MO, to commemorate it being the population center of the United States based on the 2000 census. This new center is 12.1 miles south and 32.5 miles west of the 1990 center which was 9.7 miles southeast of Steelville. The new center is bases on a population count of 281,421,906. We now have over 300, 000, 000 people.


21. CA, AZ, NM, TX, LA, MS, AL, GA, FL
22. Copper. Students might like to see about riding in one of the HUGE trucks. How big are they?

www.phelpsdodge.com/Community-Environment/MorenciMineTour.htm. Click on the education

link to learn about Copper in the Classroom.


The Mickey Mouse graphic was used because it was November 18, 1928, when Mickey made his first screen appearance at the Colony Theater in NYC in Disney’s film “Steamboat Willie”.
* The area is made up of 11 finger-shaped lakes of different sizes, running lengthwise in a north-south

direction. The region is within a “box” of a line drawn from Rochester to Syracuse to Binghamton to Corning to Rochester.


** An estuary is an extension of a river that flows into a bay where fresh water from the river and salt

water from the ocean mix. There are no problems until the flow of the river is slowed or polluted. So much of the natural flow from Lake Okeechobee in Florida has been diverted that salt water comes too far up into streams and kills the native vegetation. Measures to save Chesapeake Bay are being successful. Estuaries along the Louisiana coast are in trouble. Satellite photos show Hurricanes Katrina and Rita turned 100 square miles of Louisiana coastline into open water.


*** The Atchafalaya basin is the largest river-basin swamp in North America. Study the basin with the northern border of I-10 between Baton Rouge and Lafayette running down to the Gulf of Mexico.

It is in trouble of silting because levees have been built 15 miles apart north and south, and oil companies have built a series of east-west pipeline canals. All this excavation halted the natural north-south flow of water which replenishes the marshes.


NEXT WEEK: Better Conversation Week, November 19-25. Develop meaningful

conversation with family, friends & across generations.

www.conversation-matters.com
Cruising the Great Lakes. Detailed map of Detroit area needed

Fall Line cities

Mt. Whitney and Death Valley

Sonoran and Mojave deserts

Helium producing region of the United States. Learn about the helium monument and history in Amarillo at: www.dhdc.org/helium.html

Great Plains and Great Basin

Cardinal direction and longitude

Identifying rivers

America’s most historic cities
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PIGSKIN GEOGRAPHY®

Answer Key

November 25, 2007 - Week #12


1- Green Bay Packers, San Francisco 49ers. Good to reinforce the concept of the Upper Peninsula.

2- Atlanta

3. North out of Green Bay, across the northern end of Lake Michigan, through the Straits of Mackinac,

south on Lake Huron, down the St. Clair River, across Lake St. Clair, south on the Detroit River to “Motor City” or is it “Motown”? SGS


Teacher: Point out that the Packers are actually going through three straits. The St. Clair River and the Detroit River are straits. SGS
4. Yes, it is a strait. Antoine de la Cadillac founded d'etroit, literally "the straits". It is said,

“Cadillac gave us Detroit, and Detroit gave us the Cadillac.”

5- Richmond, VA; Raleigh, NC
6. The Fall Line marks the farthest point inland a ship can go up a river. The Fall Line of the Eastern United States goes from Newark, NJ, to Alabama, and is a great source of electric power. The falling water can be used to turn turbines to generate electricity. For these reasons many important cities are found along the Fall Line. Some of the cities are: Columbus, GA, Macon, GA, Columbia, SC, Raleigh, NC, Richmond, VA, Fredericksburg, VA, Washington, DC, Baltimore, MD, Philadelphia, PA, and Newark, NJ, and into southern New York. Have two students connect these cities with push-pins and yarn on a map. * SGS
Just 12 miles from the heart of Washington, D.C., you’ll find Great Falls National Park where a series of waterfalls drops the Potomac 76 feet over a granite escarpment in a distance of 3,500 feet. A wonderful illustration of the Fall Line. www.nps.gov/gwmp/grfa/falls/falls.htm SGS
Students at Liberty High School are raising money to restore a 19th century gristmill on Monocracy Creek in Bethlehem, PA. For information on how this project is coming along, contact: Karen Dolan

Liberty High School

1115 Linden Street

Bethlehem, PA 18018 www.illicksmill.org


Students in Newark, Harrisburg and Hanover should check out their website and see if you can provide some moral or financial support. You’ll feel better this Thanksgiving week. EVENING SUN students could send pretzels to snack on while they work on the mill.
7. Teacher, you may hear that Death Valley is:

A. 282 feet below sea level, lowest point in Western Hemisphere.

B. Highest temperature ever recorded in United States of 134 degrees on July 10, 1913.

Temperatures of 125 degrees are common.

C. Borax discovered here in 1873. Are students aware of the 20-mule teams?

D. Death Valley is a national monument.


See: NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC TRAVELER-issue of Sept./Oct. 1998.

Mt. Whitney, at 14,494 feet above sea level, and Death Valley at 282 feet below sea level, are the highest and lowest points in the 48 states; and they are only about 80 miles apart. Mt. McKinley in Alaska is the highest point in the U.S. at 20,320 ft.


If you care--Death Valley is a rift valley formed by a geological feature called a graben. A graben
continued

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PIGSKIN GEOGRAPHY®



Answer Key

November 25, 2007 - Week #12


is a down-dropped block of the earth crust which forms when pressure is released on the faults on either side of the block.
8. Sonoran Desert of Arizona and the Mojave Desert of California. SGS

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine of September 1994 is about the Sonoran Desert.

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine of May 1996 is about the Mojave Desert.
9. The panhandles of TX & OK, and the corners of KS, NM, & CO. Some high school student might like to report on the excess of our helium reserve and the politics of keeping it in place instead of eliminating it and saving millions of dollars. In politics it’s called PORK, or “you scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours.” However, helium balloons are now being used to lift heavy loads.
10. Great Basin, Great Plains A basin because there is no exterior drainage. That’s why the Great Salt

Lake is so salty. www.nps.gov/grba SGS


11. North. 80 degrees W. longitude
12- _4_ Arkansas, _5_ Colorado, _2_ Mississippi, _3_ Missouri, _1_ Ohio. Hope your map shows the

Ravens barely touch the Missouri. WICHITA EAGLE students should watch them go over.


13. Philadelphia and Boston. You might like to assign the research exercise on page 44. Hope you will

consider making it a fun, family activity. SGS

* Tell your students to "keep their noses to the grind stone." Falling water was a source of power for turning millstones to grind corn and wheat. If the stones became too close the friction would burn the grain. Therefore, keeping your nose to the grind stone made it possible to smell if the finely ground grain was being scorched. The Fall Line cities are on the eastern side of the Appalachian Mts. in the Piedmont or hilly section. The Fall Line marks the dividing line between the Piedmont and the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Piedmont means "foot of the mountain."
On December 16, 2006, a fire destroyed the last waterpowered gristmill in Lancaster County, PA.

Newspaper records show a mill had stood at this site since 1760, and this latest mill was believed to date to 1852.


Hope you OMAHA WORLD-HERALD students are going to Christmas at Union Station.

Hope you KANSAS CITY STAR students are going to the Mayor’s Christmas Tree Lighting.

The 100-foot tree in Crown Center Square Is supposed to be the tallest in the nation.
The Michael Vick trial begins on November 26th. Do the students have much interest in this sordid affair?
NEXT WEEK: Kentucky Lake, Lake Barkley and the Tennessee Valley Authority

Mouth or delta of the Mississippi River - Mormons in Nauvoo, IL

Wheat growing states. (winter wheat and spring wheat)

Rain shadow of mountains. A good science lesson.

Gold in California, Colorado & North Carolina. Good American history

The 59ers going to the land of the 49ers

Mark Twain and “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”

Charles Schulz born in Minneapolis, MN


43

Philadelphia and Boston
Boston--the birthplace of the Revolutionary War.

Philadelphia--the birthplace of the United States. Write “B” or “P” on the line of the term, name, item you associate with each city.


___ Alcott, Louisa May born here

___ Beacon Hill

___ “Beantown”

___ Bunker Hill

___ Chamberlain, Wilt “The Stilt”

___ Charles River

___ Cheesesteak

___ “City of Brotherly Love”

___ “City with an Emerald Necklace”

___ Clam Chowder

___ Declaration of Independence

___ Faneuil Hall

___ Fenway Park

___ Franklin, Benjamin

___ Franklin, Benjamin born here

___ Frazer, Joe

___ Freedom Trail

___ Gen. Washington crossing the Delaware

___ Harvard University

___ “Hub of the Universe”

___ Independence Hall

___ Liberty Bell

___ Logan Airport

___ Marciano, Rocky

___ Mummer’s Parade

___ “Old Ironsides” USS Constitution

___ Old North Church

___ Revere, Paul

___ Ross, Betsy

___ Ruth, Babe

___ Schuylkill River

___ “Shot heard around the World” fired here

___ Tea Party

___ Valley Forge

___ Williams, Ted

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Philadelphia and Boston


Answer Key

_B_ Alcott, Louisa May born here

_B_ Beacon Hill

_B_ “Beantown”

_B_ Bunker Hill

_P_ Chamberlain, Wilt “The Stilt”

_B_ Charles River

_P_ Cheesesteak

_P_ “City of Brotherly Love”

_B_ “City with an Emerald Necklace”

_B_ Clam Chowder

_P_ Declaration of Independence

_B_ Faneuil Hall

_B_ Fenway Park

_P_ Franklin, Benjamin

_B_ Franklin, Benjamin born here

_P_ Frazer, Joe

_B_ Freedom Trail

_P_ Gen. Washington crossing the Delaware

_B_ Harvard University

_B_ “Hub of the Universe”

_P_ Independence Hall

_P_ Liberty Bell

_B_ Logan Airport

_B_ Marciano, Rocky

_P_ Mummer’s Parade

_B_ “Old Ironsides” USS Constitution

_B_ Old North Church

_B_ Revere, Paul

_P_ Ross, Betsy

_B_ Ruth, Babe

_P_ Schuylkill River

_B_ “Shot heard around the World” fired here

_B_ Tea Party

_P_ Valley Forge

_B_ Williams, Ted


You might share this activity with the American history teacher. A new Bunker Hill Museum opened this

past summer. Details of this gruesome battle at: www.nps.gov/bost/historyculture/bhm.htm

45

PIGSKIN GEOGRAPHY®



Answer Key

December 2, 2007 - Week #13


1- Minneapolis, St. Louis, New Orleans SGS

2- Eastern border(west side of the river). MN, IA, MO, AR, LA

Western border(east side of the river). WI, IL, KY, TN, MS

3- Cincinnati Bengals

4- Pennsylvania, Missouri

5- Miami. Speaking of oceans, do you students in Boston, New Bedford, Providence and Long Beach

know where the ocean murals are on buildings there? www.wylandfoundation.org
6- Out of Tampa Bay, across the Gulf of Mexico and into the mouth or delta of the Mississippi River.
7. This land is between what lakes? Kentucky Lake and Lake Barkley

The Tennessee River was dammed to form Kentucky Lake.

The Cumberland River was dammed to form Lake Barkley. Point out that at this point these rivers flow north, different than most rivers of the United States.
8. Tennessee Valley Authority

9. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Accept Mormon


10. Kansas is the leading wheat growing state in the nation. How will Kansas rank in 2007? SGS

Winter wheat, as grown in KS, MO, IL, etc., is planted in the fall and harvested in the late spring or early summer. Planted seeds could not stand the severe ground freezing and winters of the north. www.kswheat.com Spring wheat is planted in northern states in the spring and harvested in late summer.
Western Kansas is fine, but heavy flooding in May and June has wiped out much of the wheat crop in eastern Kansas. How have you fared in Wichita and Hutchinson? A good snow cover and a moist spring have been perfect for wheat in Colorado. A record harvest is expected.
11- It’s on a great bend in the Arkansas River.
12. “Tornado Alley” Make sure the students remember Enterprise, AL, and Greensburg, KS. *
13. As clouds rise and cool to get over the Cascades, they drop their moisture on the west side. The

Great Plains are divided into the short grass prairie to the west and the wetter tall grass prairie to the east. Things are drier just east of a mountain because of the rain shadow. ** You students in Kansas know about the Tall Grass Prairie around Emporia.


NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine, “Tallgrass Prairie”, April 2007, pages 120- 141

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine, “The American Prairie--Roots of the Sky”, October 1993, pages 90-117. Great map of grasslands on page 100. www.nps.gov/tapr is tallgrass prairie.


14. San Francisco 49ers going to Charlotte. The name 49ers should make this answer obvious. ***

Maybe conflicting stories, but the cry, “There’s gold in them thar hills.” was said in North Carolina to encourage the miners to stay and not run off to California.


15. Denver Broncos vs. Oakland Raiders **** www.museumca.org/goldrush Curriculum on this site.

16. Oakland, CA. Going to Oakland, the Broncos will fly right over Calaveras County. Wow!!!!

17. Minneapolis, St. Louis, New Orleans. Clemens & Twain, did the students make the connection?

You HERALD-WHIG students in Quincy and Hannibal need not answer.


continued

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