Toy Story, a bug’s Life, Monsters, Inc
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Apple Computers, Inc. was founded in 1976 by college dropouts Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak. It began as a vision of changing the way people viewed computers. Jobs and Wozniak wanted to make computers small enough for people to have them in their homes or offices. Simply put, they wanted a computer that was user-friendly. [pp15-16]1 Jobs and Wozniak started out building the Apple I in Jobs’ garage and sold them without a monitor, keyboard, or casing (which they decided to add on in 1977). The Apple II revolutionized the computer industry with the introduction of the first-ever color graphics. [p21]1 Sales jumped from $7.8 million in 1978 to $117 million in 1980, the year Apple went public. 2 Wozniak left Apple in 1983 due to a diminishing interest in the day-to-day running of Apple Computers. Jobs then hired PepsiCo's John Sculley to be president. However, this move backfired and after much controversy with Sculley, Jobs left in 1985 and went on to new and bigger things. He founded his own company NeXT Software and he also bought Pixar from George Lucas, which would later become a huge success in computer animation of such movies as Toy Story, A Bug’s Life, Monsters, Inc., and Finding Nemo.[pp. 47-48, 54] 1 Through the rest of the 1980s, Apple was still doing well and in 1990 it posted its highest profits yet. This was, however, mostly due to the plans that Jobs had already set in motion before he left, most notably his deal with a tiny company by the name of Adobe (creator of the Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF)). Together the two companies created the phenomenon known as desktop publishing. [p.59]1 Back in 1985 Sculley turned down an appeal from Microsoft founder Bill Gates to license its software. This decision would later come back to haunt him because Microsoft, whose Windows operating system (OS) featured a graphical interface similar to Apple's, became their toughest competition in the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s.2 Over the course of a few years, Apple’s market share suffered slowly after its peak in 1990 and by 1996, experts believed the company to be doomed. It was not until 1997, when Apple was desperately in need of an operating system, that it bought out NeXT Software (Jobs’ company) and the board of directors decided to ask for some help from an old friend: Steve Jobs. Jobs became an interim CEO, or iCEO as he called himself (Jobs was not officially the CEO until 2000). Jobs decided to make some changes around Apple. He forged an alliance with Microsoft to create a Mac version of its popular office software.2 Not long after this decision was the turning point for the company. Jobs revamped the computers and introduced the iBook (a personal laptop). He also started branching out into mp3 players (iPod) and media player software (iTunes). This was Jobs’ best move yet. While computers are still an important part of Apple, its music related products (i.e. iPod and iTunes) have become the company’s most profitable sector.2 Apple has also recently released the iPhone, a cellular phone, and the Apple TV. Apple Inc. has pioneered its way through the computer industry—not once, but multiple times throughout its existence. It believes in pushing the limits of creativity in order to produce interesting and valuable products for society. After more than 30 years, it is undeniable that Apple “has had a profound impact on technology, innovating and influencing not only how we use computers but what we use them for.”3 1Source: Brashares, Ann. Steve Jobs Thinks Different. Brookfield, CT: Twenty-First Century Books, 2001. 2Source: Apple Inc. Hoover's Company Records Database. (Document ID: 168155261). 3Source: Farivar, Cyrus. "30 Years of Apple: Assessing Apple's Impact." Macworld. 31 March 2006. 27 February 2008 <http://www.macworld.com/article/50153/2006/03/30impact.html>. Interesting Fact: Steve Jobs’ company NeXT manufactured NeXT Cube, which, while way too expensive and not commercially successful, was actually used as the world’s first web server! Source: http://old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=277 Current Board of Directors: Bill Campbell http://www.intuit.com/about_intuit/executives/bill_campbell.jhtml Chairman and former CEO Intuit Corp. Millard Drexler http://www.jcrew.com/content/investorrelations/officers.jhtml Chairman and CEO J. Crew
http://www.apple.com/pr/bios/gore.html Former Vice President of the United States Steve Jobs http://www.apple.com/pr/bios/jobs.html CEO Apple
http://www.avoncompany.com/investor/seniormanagement/jung.html Chairman and CEO Avon Products
http://www.gene.com/gene/about/management/exec/levinson.html Chairman and CEO Genentech Dr. Eric Schmidt http://www.google.com/intl/en/corporate/execs.html#eric CEO Google
Chairman, President and CEO Harwinton Capital Online Resources: The New York Times Company Profile: Apple Inc. http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/apple_computer_inc/index.html Google Book Search: Revolution in the Valley by Andy Hertzfeld http://books.google.com/books?id=6ASeeTZbqCQC&dq=steve+jobs&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 Apple: The First 30 Years (A Timeline of Apple’s History) (Macworld, 2006) http://www.macworld.com/article/50115/2006/03/30timeline.html 30 Years of Apple: Assessing Apple's Impact (Macworld, 2006) http://www.macworld.com/article/50153/2006/03/30impact.html 25 Most Powerful People in Business (Fortune, 2007) http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2007/fortune/0711/gallery.power_25.fortune/ Print Resources: Brashares, Ann. Steve Jobs Thinks Different. Brookfield, CT: Twenty-First Century Books, 2001. LC Classification: HD9696.2.U62 J633 2001 Catalog Record: 00057706
LC Classification: HD9696.C64 A8633 1997 Catalog Record: 97014371
LC Classification: HD9696.C64 A8644 1997 Catalog Record: 97001796
LC Classification: HD9696.2.U64 A6734 2005 Catalog Record: 2005281391
LC Classification: HD9696.2.U64 A674 2004 Catalog Record: 2003017567
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