Unit 9: A. Grammar: Defining relative clauses and non- defining relative clauses

- Mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định được sử dụng với tất cả đại từ và trạng từ quan hệ (who, whom, which, that, whose, where, when, why)

- Mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định là loại mệnh đề cần thiết vì tiền ngữ (danh từ đi trước đại từ hay trạng từ quan hệ) chưa xác định), không có nó câu sẽ không đủ nghĩa.

Ex: - I wanted to talk to the boy who help me on the bus yesterday

- The city where I was born is very famous for sugar.

2. Non-defining relative clauses: Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định

- Bổ sung thông tin phụ cho danh từ đứng trước, có thể bỏ mệnh đề này đi được

Ex: My friend John (,who went to the same school as me,) has just written a best- selling novel

-Thường được cách với mệnh đề chính bằng 1 hoặc 2 dấu phẩy

Ex: My friend John, who went to the same school as me, has just written a best- selling novel

- Thường bổ nghĩa cho các danh từ chỉ tên người (Peter), tên thành phố (New York), tên đất nước (Japan); các danh từ có đại từ chỉ định: this, that, these, those; tính từ sở hữu: my, her, his, our,…, Mai’s, Mary’s,….

Ex: My friend John, who went to the same school as me, has just written a best- selling novel

- Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định có thể bắt đầu bằng: all of/ many of + relative pronoun

Ex: There were a lot of people at the party, many of whom I had known for years

- Không dùng “ that” để thay thể cho “who”, “whom”, “which” trong mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định

Ex: My friend John, that went to the same school as me, has just written a best- selling novel àsai

B. Practice:

Exercise 1: Fill in each gap with a suitable relative pronoun or adverb: which, that, whose, whom, who, where, when, why.

1. The woman_________ gave him the money was young.

2. The bag __________ contained the money was yellow.

3. The people___________ were in the bank were very frightened.

4. I’m reading the book_________ I bought in London in 1996.

5. A woman __________ daughter was crying tried to calm her.

6. I recently went back to the village____________ I grew up.

7. John was unwilling to explain the reason__________ his absence.

8. We’re going to London, ___________ is famous for Big Ben.

9. Sunday is the day____________ we usually go fishing.

10. The house___________ Shakespeare was born in is now open to the public.

Exercise 2: Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun. Use commas if necessary.

1. I’d like you to meet Mr. Stanley. His son won the championship.

………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………..

2.This is a photo of my hometown. It lies along the coast.

……………………………………………………………...………………………………………………….

3. The woman was very angry. She shouted at me.

………………………………………………………...…………………………………………………….…

4. The boy is interested in art. He lives next to my house.

………………………………………………………...…………………………………………………….…

5. The Mekong River is a great source of seafood. It flows through the South of the country.

………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……

6. Our teacher is one of the best teachers in the school. You met her yesterday.

………………………………………………..……………………………………………………..…………
UNIT 10:

A. Grammar: Relative pronouns with Prepositions:

- Trong mệnh đề quan hệ, động từ thường có giới từ theo sau

Ex: -This is the house which/ that I told you about

- The friend whom/ that I was traveling with spoke German

- Giới từ còn có thể đứng trước hai đại từ quan hệ whom và which (không đứng trước bất kỳ đại từ quan hệ nào khác)

Ex: This is the house about which I told you

The friend with whom I was traveling spoke German

- Khi giới từ đứng trước whom, which; ta không thể dùng that để thay thế cho whom, which

1. He works for a company about_________ I know nothing.

2. The girl to _________ you want to send this book has moved to a new house.

3. The picture in_________ Tom has signed is very deeply.

4. That is the person about ________ I told you.

5. I know that old man to __________ people are listening.

6. I don’t know the name of the woman to ______ I spoke on the phone.

7. The project about ______ the students kept talking was done last week.

1. The girl is John’s sister. I introduced you to her.

………………………………………………………………………………..………………….……………

2. The shop is closed. I bought the shoes from it.

……………………………………………………………………………….…..………………..…………..

3. The man is a good friend of mine. I borrowed the money from him.

…………………………………………………………………………………....………………...………….

4. The school has been given 50 computers. Haft of them are brand new.

…………………………………………………………………………………..….………………………….

5. The children are coming back late. Their parents are anxious about them.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………….

6. Mr. Robinson is very famous. I am lucky to speak to him twice.

……………………………………………………………………………………….………..……………….

7. Lan’s party is next Sunday evening. We are all invited to it.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
UNIT 11:

A. Grammar: Relative Clauses Replaced by Participles and To - infinitives

Mệnh đề QH có thể rút gọn bằng các cách sau đây:

1. Rút gọn bằng cách dùng Participle phrase. Có 2 loại Participle phrase

a. Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể chủ động (active), ta dùng Present Participle phrase.

→The girl who lives next door is very kind

→The living next door is very kind

b. Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động (passive), ta dùng Past Participle phrase.

→The students punished by the teacher are lazy

 LƯU Ý: - Chỉ có MĐ quan hệ có giới hạn mới áp dụng qui tắc rút gọn này. Mệnh đề quan hệ không giới hạn thì không được phép lược giản

- Các MĐ quan hệ có giới hạn nhưng có đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ của động từ thì cũng được phép lược giản bằng cách dùng hiện tại phân từ hay quá khứ phân từ

a. Dùng sau “the first/ the second……, the next, last, only” và so sánh nhất

 Brazil is the first team to win the world cup there consecutive times

- The first man that we must see is Tom.

 The first man to see is Tom.

b. Khi diễn đạt mục đích hoặc sự cho phép.

Ví dụ: - English is an important language which we have to master.

 English is an important language to master

1. The couple who live in the house next door are both architects.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.

………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….

3. Students who prepare for their exams usually stay up late at night.

…………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………….

4. The experiment which was conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.

…………………………………………………………………...…………………………………………….

5. The projector who teaches Vietnamese Literature is very good.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using to- infinitive.

1. Who was the first person who left the office yesterday?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Lan was the first person in my class who finished the math problem.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Alice was the second applicant who was interviewed.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Brad was the only person who discovered her secret.

………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………...

5. Laura was the quickest candidate who found the correct answer.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
UNIT 12:

A. Grammar: Omission of relative pronouns:

- Khi đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ, ta có thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ đó đi. Như vậy mệnh đề quan hệ sẽ không có đại từ quan hệ

Ex: The friend whom/ that I was traveling with spoke German

The friend I was traveling with spoke German.

- Nếu đại từ quan hệ làm chủ ngữ, ta không thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ đi được

Ex: I want to talk to a boy who helped me on the bus yesterday

I want to talk to a boy helped me on the bus yesterday (Sai)

B. Practice:

Exercise 1: Combine the two sentences into one, using omission of relative pronouns.

1. The woman was my aunt Laura. You met her yesterday.

…………………….……..…………………………………………………………………………………..

2. The mistake was fortunately not very serious. I made it.

…………………….…..……………………………………………………………………………………..

3. The film was very interesting. I watched it on TV last night.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. The doctor told me not worry. I spoke to him.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. The birthday party was very noisy. We went to it.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6. Who was that boy? You were with him this morning.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

7. The jacket was a gift from his uncle. Bobs always wears it.

8. The train was full of passengers and goods. We traveled on it.

………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………

9. The church is 200 years old. Our class visited it.

……………………………….………………………………………………………………………………

10. Have you found the keys? You lost them.

……………………………….………………………………………………………………………………
UNIT 13:

A. Grammar: Cleft sentences:

Ta có thể dùng cấu trúc It is/ was………who (m)/ that……… để nhấn mạnh phần ta muốn nói bằng cách đưa phần muốn nhấn mạnh vào giữa It is/ was và who(m)/ that

1. Subject focus: (Nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ)

Form: Subject + V(chính) + Object +….

 It is/ was + Subject + who/ that + V (chính) + Object+….: Chính ai đó làm gì

It was the boy who visited his uncle last month.

 It is/ was + Object + whom/that + Subject + V (chính)+…: Chính ai đó/ một cái gì đó một ai đã làm

Ex: The boy visited his uncle last month

It was his uncle that the boy visited last month

 It is/ was + Adverb+ that + Subject + V (chính)+ Object: Chính lúc nào đó/ ở đâu ai đó/ một cái gì đó làm gì

Ex: The boy visited his uncle last month

It was last month that the boy visited his uncle

1. Henry lent me that big sum of money.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Her husband often helps her with the housework.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Chris Columbus made the first Harry Potter film.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. The dog grabbed at the piece of meat and ran away

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. The strong wind blew the roof off.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences after the model, paying attention to the object focus of the sentence:

1. The students asked the teacher for his explanation for the problem.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. We first heard the news from my sister last night.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. The young boys and girls admired that film star years ago.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. The police arrested the man at the railway station.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. I put the letter and some money in the envelope.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences after the model, paying attention to the adverbial focus of the sentence:

1. He bought the book from that corner shop.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The countryside is most spectacular in Spring.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. She had the idea for a Harry Potter book in 1990.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. She worked as an English teacher in Portugal.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. They often had parties on weekends.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
UNIT 15:

A. Grammar: TAG QUESTIONS AND “COULD”, “BE ABLE TO”

1. Tag questions: Câu hỏi đuôi

Câu hỏi đuôi được thành lập như sau:

*Nếu câu phát biểu ở thể khẳng định, ta dung hình thức phủ định: Trợ động từ/ động từ đặc biệt + not + Chủ ngữ ?

*Nếu câu phát biểu ở thể phủ định, ta dung hình thức khẳng định: trợ động từ/ động từ đặc biêt + Chủ ngữ?

+ Chủ ngữ phải là đại từ nhân xưng: I, we, you, they, she, he, it

+ Nếu câu hỏi đuôi ở hình thức phủ định, ta phải dùng hình thức viết tắt: didn’t, isn’t, aren’t, won’t, hasn’t, haven’t, mustn’t, don’t, doesn’t,…

+ Phần hỏi đuôi của câu phát biểu bắt đầu bằng “Let’s….” là “shall we?”

+ Chúng ta dung đại từ “they” trong câu hỏi đuôi khi chủ từ trong câu nói đi trước là “someone/ somebody, everyone/ everybody, no one/ nobody”.

+ Chúng ta dung đại từ “it” trong câu hỏi đuôi khi chủ từ trong câu nói trước là “nothing”

+ Ngoài các đại từ nhân xưng, ta có thể dùng “there” trong câu hỏi đuôi.

Ex:

Câu phát biểu	Câu hỏi đuôi
He is a good boy, The girl didn’t come here yesterday, They will go away, She hasn’t left, Mary likes reading picture books, Let’s go to the cinema,	isn’t he? did she? won’t they has she? doesn’t he? shall we?

2. “ Could” and “be able to”:

a. Can:

- Được dùng để diễn tả một khả năng một người có được

Ex: I can play the piano very well

- Thường được dùng với các động từ chỉ sự nghe, thấy: hear, see, smell, taste, feel,…

Ex: I can hear someone calling

b. Could: quá khứ của Can

- Được dùng để diễn tả khả năng của con người trong quá khứ

Ex: My daughter could walk when she was nine months old

3. Was/ Were able to

-Dùng để diễn tả một việc mà một người đã có cơ hội làm được trong quá khứ

Ex: I was able to finds some interesting books in the school library

- Khi diễn tả khả năng trong tương lai, chúng ta có thể dùng “ will be able to” hoặc “can”.

1. Nam has been living in England for a year. He____________ speak English very well now.

2. I won’t_____________ complete the report by Friday.

3. When I was younger I_____________ run ten kilometers every morning.

4. You’ll_____________ find a job easily when you finish university.

5. It was very dark but we_____________ see a figure moving in front.

6. How long has Lisa_____________ play the violin?

7. I’m sorry, but I won’t______________ come to the party this weekend.

8. Look! I_____________ lift this chair with one hand.

9. Rachel’s still out of work. She hasn’t_____________ get a job yet.

10. My youngest sister______________ talk when she was 18 months old.

Exercise 2: Add Tags questions to the following statements:

1. You don’t like this program,_____________ ?

2. Let’s have a cup of coffee,___________ ?

3. You’re Richard’s friend,______________ ?

4. I had packed all my belongings before we left,___________?

5. You’ve never come to class late,_______________ ?

6. Everybody can answer this question,____________ ?

7. Nobody was sleeping,___________ ?

8. You didn’t read anything about the space,_____________?

9. You came in a sport car,____________?

10. There aren’t many people here yet,______________?

11. The car does not look nice,______________?

12. It’s quite a big garden,____________ ?
B. CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP

I. PRONUNCIATION

A. Choose the word which has different pronunciation for the underlined part:

1. A. post B. busy C. swim D. spacious

2. A. service B. subscribe C. favourite D. deliver

3. A. spacious B. delicious C. official D. parcel

4. A. surface B. teenage C. engage D. update

5. A. course B. fourth C. courteous D. court

6. A. influence B. industry C. environment D. agriculture

7. A. energy B. developing C. every D. any

8. A. heat B. bread C. thread D. dead

9. A. source B. bought C. course D. drought

10. A. exhaust B. exact C. exercise D. exist

11. A. plenty B. energy C. only D. hydropower

12. A. research B. such C. change D. machine

13. A. shooting B. squash C. sport D. sure

14. A. equipped B. delivered C. transferred D. received

15. A. standard B. stadium C. stamp D. question

16. A. slim B. island C. slow D. slice

17. A. deny B. hobby C. apply D. satisfy

18. A. stopped B. kissed C. satisfied D. watched

19. A provided B. visited C. needed D. missed

20. A. enjoyed B. collected C. changed D. denied

B. Choose the word which has different stress from the others:

1. A. influence B. industry C. environment D. agriculture

2. A. affecting B condition C. pollutant D. consequence

3. A. endangered B. established C. introduced D. prohibit

4. A. survive B. planet C. species D. forest

5. A. purpose B. aspect C. event D. athlete

6. A. knowledge B. promote C. compete D. effect

7. A. athletic B. official C. aquatic D. history

8. A. solidarity B. developing C. participant D. enthusiasm

9. A. relative B. envelop C. regular D. remain

10. A. admire B. practice C. promise D. actually

II. Choose the best option:

1. Will my parcel be sent by air or by____________?

A. plane B. surface mail C. transmission D. service

2. The management thanked ___________for their dedication and enthusiasm.

A. text B. equipment C. staff D. rate

3. The course aims to______________________ people with the skills necessary for a job in this technology age.

A. transfer B. transmit C. equip D. shape

4. You should ______________us of the date of your arrival.

A. notify B. deliver C. subscribe D. equip

5. We wish the Queen a_____________ recovery from her illness

A. secure B. speedy C. convenient D. courteous

6. Some people think that we are not doing enough to protect the ______________from pollution.

A. extinction B. existence C. destruction D. environment

7. Fossil fuels reserves are limited, so we are trying to find_________ sources of energy.

A. relative B. entire C. alternative D. demanding

8. A fund will be set up for the _________species.

A. popular B. endangering C. dangerous D. endangered

9. Wind power produces energy__________ pollution.

A. by B. with C. without D. for

10. The chemical _________ from cars and factories make the air, water and soil dangerously dirty.

A. polluted B. pollution C. pollute D. pollutants

11. Oil, coal, and natural gas are ________.

A. fossil fuels B. hydropower C. solar energy D. nuclear power

12. All fossil fuels are ________ resources that cannot be replaced after use.

A. renewable B. non-renewable C. available D. unlimited

13. Scientists are trying to find ways to__________ full use of wind and solar energy.

A. take B. have C. provide D. make

14. The sun, water, and the wind are other _______ sources of energy.

A. alternative B. changing C. transforming D. changeable

15. Many species of plants and animals today are _______________

A. risky B. in risky C. under danger D. endangered

16. Many _______________have been set up to save wildlife.

A. organizations B. people C. destruction D. environment

17. The number of rare animals is decreasing rapidly

A. dangerously B. quickly C. mostly D. gradually

18. Because of people’s_______ with the environment, many kinds of plant and animals are becoming rare.

A. supply B. survival C. influence D. interference

19. England is one of the first countries to _______________

A. industrial B. industrialize C. industry D. all are correct

20. Dinosaurs became _____________ million of years ago.

A. appearing B. extinct C. huge D. dangerous

21. Laws have been introduced to prohibit the killing of endangered animals

A. advised B. decreased C. ban D. encouraged

22. Hunting for meat and burning forests for soils__________ wildlife

A. protect B. conserve C. destroy D. survive

23. The World Wild Funds is working to protect and save the forests that are in ________

A. danger B. interest C. encouragement D. offer

24. This festival always ____________place in summer when the weather is the finest

A. makes B. gets C. takes D. happens

25. Swimming, snorkeling, and scuba are some of the _____________sports.

A. athletic B. aquatic C. martial D. team

26. We really ______________all the efforts that our athletes have made to win the medals.

A. participate B. aspects C. appreciate D. attract

27. The sports officials promised to provide modern_____________ for the athletes to train.

A. friendship B. aspects C. facilities D. purpose

28.One of the _____ you need to work here is carefulness.

A. hobbies B. pastimes C. activities D. qualifications

29. He took a(n)_____________interest in football. He never missed a match on television.

A. avid B. successful C. actually D. common

30. She sang several songs, ____________by her friend on the piano.

A. collected B. practiced C. accompanied D. indulged

31. Do you see the beautiful young girl __________ over there?

A. to stand B. whom is standing C. standing D. stood

32. This is the car _____ I asked him to repair.

A. who B. whom C. whose D. Ø

33. I’d better do exercises more carefully, __________ I?

A. had B. hadn’t C. would D. wouldn’t

34. In 1982, Mr. Rudolph designed an engineer ______ diesel engine.

A. that called B. which calls C. calling D. called

35. The movie ____ is on at Mega Star is a cartoon made by Walt Disney.

A. who B. whom C. which D. Ø

36. The movie ____ is on at Mega Star is a cartoon made by Walt Disney.

A. who B. whom C. which D. Ø

37. Allen is married to a girl _____ he does not like

A. who B. whose C. which D. Ø

38. I am on duty today, _____?

A. will I B. don’t I C. am not I D. aren’t I

39. The building ____ was on fire yesterday has now been destroyed.

A. who B. whom C. which D. Ø

40. The school has been given 20 computers, half of ________ are brand new.

A. that B. whom C. which D. those

III/ Transform the following sentences into cleft sentences, focusing on the underlined part:

1. Fans gave Christina lots of flowers.

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. The pedestrian asked the policeman for direction to the post office.

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. People talked a lot about his house.

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. His father bought him a bicycle for his birthday.

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. He described his hometown in his novel

_______________________________________________________________________________

6. Her younger sister broken her glasses.

_______________________________________________________________________________

7. Vietnamese people celebrate Tet as the greatest occasion in a year.

_______________________________________________________________________________

8. Huong and Lan sang together at the party

_______________________________________________________________________________

9. The girl received a letter from her friend yesterday

_______________________________________________________________________________

10. Peter’s father got angry with him.

_______________________________________________________________________________

11. She sent her boy friend the postcard.

_______________________________________________________________________________

12. The meeting started at 8.00 a.m.

_______________________________________________________________________________

13. She works as an English teacher in Portugal

_______________________________________________________________________________

14. Her husband often helps her with the housework.

_______________________________________________________________________________

15. Chris Columbus made the first Harry Potter film.

_______________________________________________________________________________

IV/ Rewrite the following sentences, using the appropriate participle phrases:

1. The man who is standing there is a clown.

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives

______________________________________________________________________________

4. The students don’t know how to do the exercises which was given by the teacher yesterday

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well- known orator

_______________________________________________________________________________

6. All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless

_______________________________________________________________________________

7. All the students who don’t hand in their papers will fail in the exam.

_______________________________________________________________________________

8. I saw many house that were destroyed in the storm.

_______________________________________________________________________________

9. The street which leads to the school is very wide

_______________________________________________________________________________

10. Mr Jackson, who teaches my son, is my neighbor

_______________________________________________________________________________

11. Trains which leave from this station take hour to get to London.

_______________________________________________________________________________

12. The candidate that are sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam.

_______________________________________________________________________________

13. The city which was destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt.

_______________________________________________________________________________

14. The system which is used here is very successful.

_______________________________________________________________________________

15. My brother, who met you yesterday, works for a big company.

_______________________________________________________________________________

V/ Rewrite the following sentences, using to-infinitives:

1. The last student who was interviewed was John.

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. I was the only person who saw the difficulties.

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. The last person that left the room must turn all the lights.

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. The air- hostess was the only person who survived in the crash

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. He was the first man who left the burning house.

_______________________________________________________________________________

6. There are six letters which have to be written today

_______________________________________________________________________________

7. Have you got a key that can unlock this door?

_______________________________________________________________________________

8. He was the second man who was killed in this way.

_______________________________________________________________________________

9. There is a bench that your children can sit on.

_______________________________________________________________________________

10. Lady Astor was the first woman that took her seat in Parliament.

_______________________________________________________________________________

VI/ Combine the following sentences, using preposition + whom /which:

1. The problem has been discussed in class. We are very interested in it.

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Do you see my pen? I have just written the lesson with it.

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. I like standing at the window. I can see the park from the window

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. We are crossing the meadow. We flew kites over it in our childhood.

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. The middle- aged man is the director. My father is talking to him.

_______________________________________________________________________________

6. The examination lasted two days. I was successful in this examination.

_______________________________________________________________________________

7. The woman lives next door to me. You gave place to her on the bus.

_______________________________________________________________________________

8. The boy is my cousin. You made fun of him

_______________________________________________________________________________

9. Many diseases are no longer dangerous. People died of them years ago.

_______________________________________________________________________________

10. The teacher is Miss White. We study with her last year.

_______________________________________________________________________________

VII/ Rewrite the sentences, using the omission of relative pronouns when necessary:

1. The blue car was very beautiful. We bought it

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Lan is very delightful to him for the letter . He sent her the letter.

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. He had a simple idea. It changed the world.

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. He took out a photo of Pele. He adored it.

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. That is Mr. Pike. I told you about him .

_______________________________________________________________________________

6. The doctor didn’t know what he was doing. He treated me

_______________________________________________________________________________

7. He rang James. He was a good friend as well as his trainer.

_______________________________________________________________________________

8. I will never forget the time. He said he loved me at that time.

_______________________________________________________________________________

9. That’s the man. I wanted to see him.

_______________________________________________________________________________

10. That beach is the place. The Asian Beach Games will be held there.

_______________________________________________________________________________

VIII/ Add question tags to the following statements:

1. You are going to school tomorrow,_______________?

2. There is an examination tomorrow, _______________?

3. Beverly will be attending the university in September, _______________?

4. She has been studying English for 3 years, _______________?

5. He should stay in bed, _______________?

6. Let’s go fishing, _______________?

7. Jill and Joe have been to Mexico, _______________?

8. You didn’t know I was an artist, _______________?

9. Nobody knows the answer, _______________?

10. He wants us to make film as well, _______________?

IX/ Give the correct form of the words in parentheses:

1.Many people are very concerned about the _________________________of rainforests. (destroy)

2. Many species of plants and animals are in danger of ________________. (extinct)

3. The health of our children is being _________________by exhausted fumes. (danger)

4. The development of waterpower today requires the ___________________of large turbines and electric generating equipment. (install)

5. I am not satisfied with the ____________________conditions of your post office. (secure)

6. Water power gives energy without ______________. (pollute)

7. Many countries use ________________energy for their daily life. (sun)

8. The Asian Games are held for the purpose of developing intercultural ___________and friendship within Asia. (know)

9. The Vietnamese ___________ took part in this event with great enthusiasm. (participate)

10. My uncle, who is an ___________________guitarist, taught me how to play guitar. (accomplish)

X/ Complete the sentences using COULD or WAS/WERE ABLE TO.

1. He was very strong, he _____________________ ski all day and dance all night.

2. The car plunged into the river. The driver ___________________ get out but the passengers were downed.

3. I was a long way from the stage. I _________________ see all right but I ___________________very well.

4. We ________________________borrow umbrellas, so we didn’t

5. I know the town so I ___________________ advise him where to go.

6. When the garage had repaired our car we _____________________ continue our journey.

7. At five years old he ___________________ read quite well.

8. When I arrived everyone was asleep. Fortunately, I _______________ wake my sister and she let me in.

9. The swimmer was very tired but he __________________ reach the shore before he collapsed.

10. The police were suspicious at first but I __________________ persuade them that we were innocent.

KEYS:

UNIT 9

Exercise 1: Fill in each gap with a suitable relative pronoun or adverb: which, that, whose, whom, who, where, when, why.

1. who/ that 2. which/ that 3. who/ that 4. which/ that 5. whose 6. where 7. why

8. which 9. when 10. which

Exercise 2: Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun. Use commas if necessary.

1. I’d like you to meet Mr. Stanley, whose son won the championship.

2.This is a photo of my hometown, which lies along the coast.

3. The woman whom she shouted at was very angry.

4. The boy who/ that lives next to my house is interested in art.

5. The Mekong River, which flows through the South of the country, is a great source of seafood.

6. Our teacher, whom you met yesterday, is one of the best teachers in the school.
UNIT 10:

Exercise 1: Fill in the blank with the suitable relative pronouns.

1. whom 2. whom 3. which 4. whom 5. whom 6. whom 7. which

1. The girl to whom I introduced you is John’s sister.

2. The shop from which I bought the shoes is closed.

3. The man from whom I borrowed the money is a good friend of mine.

4. The school has been given 50 computers, haft of which are brand new.

5. The children about whom their parents are anxious are coming back late.

6. Mr. Robinson, to whom I am lucky to speak twice, is very famous.

7. Lan’s party, to which we are all invited, is next Sunday evening.

1. The couple living in the house next door are both architects.

2. I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.

3. Students preparing for their exams usually stay up late at night.

4. The experiment conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.

5. The projector teaching Vietnamese Literature is very good.

6. The man talking to the teacher is my father.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using to- infinitive.

1. Who was the first person to leave the office yesterday?

2. Lan was the first person in my class to finish the math problem.

3. Alice was the second applicant to be interviewed.

4. Brad was the only person to discover her secret.

5. Laura was the quickest candidate to find the correct answer.

1. The woman you met her yesterday was my aunt Laura.

2. The mistake I made was fortunately not very serious.

3. The film I watched on TV last night was very interesting.

4. The doctor I spoke to told me not worry.

5. The birthday party we went to was very noisy.

6. Who was that boy you were with this morning?

7. The jacket Bobs always wears was a gift from his uncle.

8. The train we traveled on was full of passengers and goods.

9. The church our class visited is 200 years old.

10. Have you found the keys you lost?
UNIT 13:

Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences after the model, paying attention to the subject focus of the sentence:

1. It was Henry who/ that lent me that big sum of money.

2. It is her husband who/ that often helps her with the housework.

3. It was Chris Columbus who/ that made the first Harry Potter film.

4. It was the dog that grabbed at the piece of meat and ran away

5. It was the strong wind that blew the roof off.

1. It was the teacher that the students asked for his explanation for the problem.

2. It was the news that we first heard from my sister last night.

3. It was that film star that the young boys and girls admired years ago.

4. It was the man that the police arrested at the railway station.

5. It was the letter and some money that I put in the envelope.

1. It was from that corner shop that he bought the book

2. It is in Spring that the countryside is most spectacular.

3. It was in 1990 that she had the idea for a Harry Potter book.

4. It was in Portugal that she worked as an English teacher.

5. It was on weekends that they often had parties

1. can 2. be able to 3. could 4. be able to 5. could 6. been able to

7. be able to 8. could 9. been able to 10. could

Exercise 2: Add Tags questions to the following statements:

1. do you 2. shall we 3. aren’t you 4. hadn’t I 5. have you 6. can’t they