Unit Topic: The Gilded Age and the Progressive Era Conceptual Lens

• 
  Causes and influence of immigration
  
• 
  Causes and impact of industrialization
  
• 
  Causes and consequences of natural disasters on migration patterns
  

Ethnic neighborhoods, push/pull factors, new v old immigrants, Ellis Island, Angel Island, Urbanization, Galveston Hurricane of 1900, 1906 San Francisco earthquake, 1889 Johnstown Flood, settlement houses, immigration restrictions, Chinese Exclusion Act, Gentleman’s Agreement, Chicago’s packing houses, New York’s garment industry, Cleveland’s steel mills, nativism, Jane Addams, University Settlement Society of New York, YMCA, Tammany Hall, James Michael Curley, Chicago/Cook County, Great Chicago Fire, urban living conditions, religious pluralism, cultural diversity, urban slums, tenement houses, industrialization,

• 
  Struggle between labor unions , big business, levels of government, and public opinion
  
• 
  The influence of Muckrakers on society
  

Progressivism, working conditions, labor unrest, Haymarket Square Riot, Pullman Strike, Great Railroad Strike, Homestead Strike, Molly Maguires, Pinkerton Boys, collective bargaining, strike, Triangle Shirtwaist Fire, Great Chicago Fire, Wilmington Race Riots, civil rights, Bourbon Redeemers, Jim Crow, political machines, patronage, Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall in NYC, James Pendergast of Kansas City, Ed Crump of Memphis, Pendleton Civil Service Act, Interstate Commerce Act of 1887, Sherman Anti-Trust of 1890, 1896 Election, 1896 Election, Eugene V. Debs and the Socialist Party, Eugenics, Theodore Roosevelt, William Taft, Woodrow Wilson, Plessy v Ferguson, currency policy, bimetallism, Social Darwinism, Knights of Labor and Terrance Powderly, American Federal of Labor, Samuel Gompers, American Railway Union and Eugene V. Debs, United Mine Workers, “Mother”, Social Gospel Movement, settlement houses, Progressivism, , cultural diffusion, cultural diversity, Lillian Wald’s Henry Street Settlement in New York, Jane Addams and Ellen Starr’s Hull House in Chicago, muckrakers, Jacob Riis, Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, Ida B. Wells, Lincoln Steffens, Child Labor, Captains of Industry, Robber Barons,

• 
  The extension and disenfranchisement of minority rights (e.g., Native Americans, African Americans, immigrants, women, etc.)
  
• 
  Abuse of government power
  

“Separate, but equal”, de jure segregation, de facto segregations, Social Darwinism, “survival of the fittest”, Eugenics, universal women’s suffrage, social gospel, civil service, Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883, political patronage, Captains of Industry, Robber Barons, disenfranchisement of African Americans,

• 
  Impact of new technological innovations on American culture
  
• 
  The different views of the American Dream
  

Horizontal and vertical growth of urban centers, Thomas Edison’s incandescent light bulb, phonograph, and motion pictures, George Westinghouse’s electrical distribution system, JD Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, JP Morgan, Buffalo Bill’s “Wild West Show”, city parks, vaudeville, Coney Island, bicycles, Eastman Kodak, boxing, professional baseball, Ellis Island, Angel Island, Settlement Houses, the Wright Brothers, Americanization Movement, Tenement Houses, Immigration increase, Political Machines, Ida B. Wells’ “Lynching and Other Southern Horrors”, Booker T. Washington, WEB Du Bois, Frank Norris and “The Octopus”, Muckrakers, Thomas Nast, Jacob Riis’ “How the Other Half Lives”, Lincoln Steffens’ “The Shame of the Cities”, Ida Tarbell’s “History of Standard Oil”, Upton Sinclair’s “The Jungle”, Andrew Carnegie’s “

1. 
   How did industrialization and increased immigration impact the social, economic, political, and cultural identity of the United States?
   

2. 
   How did immigration and industrialization shape urban life?
   

1. 
   Why were there sweeping social, economic and political reforms at the turn of the century?
   

2. 
   How did the rapid industrialization of the Gilded Age create economic, social, and political change in the U.S.?
   

3. 
   Why social, economic, and political factors led to the need for the formation of labor unions?
   

4. 
   To what extent were labor unions effective in meeting the political, economic, and social needs of laborers?
   

5. 
   How effective were labor unions in improving the lives of American workers?
   

6. 
   To what extent did industrialization affect the relationships between government, business, and the worker?
   

7. 
   How did the political, economic, and social conditions of the Gilded Age lead to the Progressive Era?
   

8. 
   To what extent did progressive political reform successfully combat the social and economic ills created by a rapidly industrializing society?
   

9. 
   What tactics were most effective in bringing about the social, economic, and political reforms of the Progressive Era?
   

10. 
    How effective was the Progressive Movement in addressing the political, economic, and social needs of all Americans?
    

11. 
    How successful were the Progressive Era Presidents in leading reform efforts?
    

12. 
    Does society cause government to change or does government cause society to change?
    

13. 
    Why did multiple perspectives develop for addressing racial injustice during the Progressive Era?
    

14. 
    To what extent did industrialization affect the relationships between government, business, and the worker?
    

1. 
   What characteristics were vital to the success of industrial leaders of the Gilded Age?
   

2. 
   How did captains of industry accumulate wealth and power?
   

3. 
   Should an individual be allowed to accumulate as much wealth as possible?
   

4. 
   How did the government’s role in economic and political affairs change during this era?
   

5. 
   To what extent was the government’s changing role necessary and positive in this era?
   

6. 
   To what extent were the social, political, and economic standing of African Americans positively affected by progressive efforts?
   

1. 
   Did immigration and rapid industrialization have a positive or negative impact on the economic and social structure of the United States?
   

2. 
   How did technological advancement affect industrialization and the role of the government?
   

3. 
   How did scientific and technological advances create a mass consumer culture?
   

4. 
   To what extent did an emerging mass consumer culture define what it means to be an American?
   

5. 
   How was American culture redefined during the Progressive Era?
   

6. 
   What did it mean to be black in America at the turn of the century?
   

7. 
   How did Americans of this period define progress?
   

8. 
   What was the economic and social impact of the technological changes of the Progressive Era?