| What’s New in the
National Police Library
May 2016
National Police Library
Sunningdale Park
Larch Avenue
Ascot
SL5 0QE
Tel: +44 (0)1256 602650
Email: library@college.pnn.police.uk
Registered members of the National Police Library may borrow any of the material listed below, please cut and paste details and request by email from Library@college.pnn.police.uk.
Please note that copyright rules apply to selections made from What’s New – only 1 article per issue may be supplied.
Signed Copyright Declarations must be submitted in advance of the supply of copies
Bribery and corporate corruption.
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PARKER, Jessica
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Criminal Law and Justice Weekly (Vol. 180 no. 6, 13 February 2016, p.103-104.)
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Reports on the conviction of Smith and Ouzman Ltd, which is the first conviction in relation to international corruption investigated by the Serious Fraud Office. It also details how the fine was calculated.
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Subject: Community Policing
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Citizen participation in community safety: a comparative study of community policing in South Korea and the UK.
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CHOI, Kwan; LEE, Ju-lak
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Policing and Society (Vol. 26 no. 2, 2016, p.165-184.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2014.922087
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British participants were attracted to community policing by factors that primarily benefitted them as individuals, and community crime prevention was a secondary concern, whereas for South Korea, participation in community policing was an extension of their commitment to their community.
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Multi-sector cooperation in preventing crime: the case of a South African Neighbourhood Watch as an effective crime prevention model.
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GRAAN, Johan van
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Police Practice and Research (Vol. 17 no. 2, April 2016, p136-148.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2015.1128159
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Studies the role and contribution of local communities as an effective vehicle of crime prevention drawing on multi-sector co-operation and aims to contribute to the general framework for the growth of successful multi-sector community-based crime prevention initiatives.
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Subject: Community Safety
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Recognizing the continuum of opportunities for third parties to prevent and respond to sexual assault and dating violence on a college campus.
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PALMER, Jane E
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Crime Prevention and Community Safety (Vol. 18 no. 1, 2016, p.1-18.)
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Considers prosocial helping behaviours before, during or after sexual assault or dating abuse.
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No 1. Gating alleys to reduce crime: a meta-analysis and realist synthesis.
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SIDEBOTTOM, Aiden; TOMPSON, Lisa; BULLOCK, Karen; TILLEY, Nick; BOWERS, Kate; JOHNSON, Shane D
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What works: crime reduction systematic review series.
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Ryton College of Policing 2015 63p. figs., tabs., bibliog.
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INTERNET RESOURCE
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Link to full text: http://library.college.police.uk/docs/college-of-policing/1-Gating-Alleys-FINAL-with-copyright-statement-08-03-16(005).pdf
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Many buildings in the UK have some form of alley as a means of access. A longstanding criticism of urban alleyways is their association with crime, incivilities and undesirable behaviours, from drug dealing and prostitution to dog fouling and littering. The focus of this review is on a situational crime prevention (SCP) technique known as "alley gating". This involves the use of lockable gates, usually made of steel or iron, which are designed to restrict entry to an alley or network of alleys thereby controlling access to potential crime targets. Its aims are to 1. Systematically review the evidence on whether alley gates are an effective crime reduction method; 2. Identify the causal mechanisms through which alley gates are expected to reduce crime and the conditions under which alley gates have been found to be effective, ineffective and/or to produce unintended negative effects and 3. Review information on the costs and implementation of alley gates. This review does not cover 'gated communities' which are related to, but distinct from, alley gates.
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Introduction to cybercrime: computer crimes, laws, and policing in the 21st century.
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HILL, Joshua; MARION, Nancy
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Praeger Security International
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Santa Barbara Praeger 2016 304p.
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ISBN: 9781440832741
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INTERNET RESOURCE
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http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781440832741
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This book provides a summary of the history, development and efforts to combat cybercrime in international, national, state, and local government. It covers history of cybercrime, types, frequency and amounts of cybercrime, law enforcement, cyberterrorism and terrorists online, cyberwar and domestic and international response.
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Preventing crime online: Identifying determinants of online preventive behaviors using structural equation modeling and canonical correlation analysis.
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REYNS, Bradford W; RANDA, Ryan; HENSON, Billy
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Crime Prevention and Community Safety (Vol. 18 no. 1, 2016, p.38-59.)
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Examining relationships between online victimization, online exposure, online communication behaviours and online prevention in Canada.
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Extracting evidence from the cloud.
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ROZANSKI, Shahaf
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Intersec (Vol. 26 no. 2, February 2016, p.30-31.)
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Examines legal aspects of obtaining and analysing forensic evidence from the private cloud.
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Challenges in digital forensics.
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VINCZE, Eva E
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Police Practice and Research (Vol. 17 no. 2, April 2016, p183-194.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2015.1128163
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Examines the challenges including the variety of electronic devices, amount of data produced, the absence of standard practices and guidelines for analyzing data, the lack qualified personnel to perform investigations and the lack of resources to provide on-going training.
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Subject: Confidence in the Police
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Comparative study of satisfaction with the police in the United States and Australia.
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DAI, Mengyan; JIANG, Xin
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Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology (Vol. 49 no. 1, 2016, p.30-52.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865814545684
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A series of comparisons show a substantial similarity across statistical models for Cincinnati and Queensland, suggesting a general framework of citizens’ satisfaction with the police could be generalized for other countries.
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Disentangling the myth about citizen participation in collaborative work with police: The difference between general citizens and citizen volunteers.
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LEE, Jae-Seung; ZHAO, Jihong Solomon
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Policing: an International Journal (Vol. 39 no. 1, 2016, p.127-144.)
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View full text (via authorised IP): http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-07-2015-0089
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A survey in Houston, Texas, found that volunteers’ attitudes toward the police and satisfaction with the police services were higher than general citizens even though their victimization experiences, fear of crime, perceived neighbourhood disorders were higher than others.
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Is bad stronger than good? Impact of police-citizen encounters on public satisfaction with police.
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LI, Yudu; REN, Ling; LUO, Fei
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Policing: an International Journal (Vol. 39 no. 1, 2016, p.109-126.)
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View full text (via authorised IP): http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-05-2015-0058
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A telephone survey of 1,143 Houston residents in 2012 found that negative-contact variables have stronger influences than the positive-contact variables on satisfaction with the police.
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Vietnamese Australians' perceptions of the trustworthiness of police.
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MCKERNAN, Helen; WEBER, Leanne
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Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology (Vol. 49 no. 1, 2016, p.9-29.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865814554308
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Reports on key factors that influence Vietnamese Australians' perceptions of police trustworthiness using reputation, performance, appearance and accountability.
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Modelling public confidence of the police: how perceptions of the police differ between neighborhoods in a city.
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PERKINS, Mike
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Police Practice and Research (Vol. 17 no. 2, April 2016, p113-125.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2015.1128155
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This research in York, UK, finds that even in a city that is relatively small, the factors which most affect an individual’s views of the police can vary wildly depending on perception of their local area.
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Relationships between police performance and public confidence: a case study of Thailand.
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SAHAPATTANA, Prapon; COBKIT, Sutham
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Police Practice and Research (Vol. 17 no. 2, April 2016, p171-182.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2015.1124766
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A survey of 9000 Thai people found that attitudes toward crime suppression and prevention had the strongest correlations with confidence attitudes in police.
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Spatial patterns of violent crimes and neighborhood characteristics in Changchun, China.
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LIU, Daqian; SONG, Wei; XIU, Chunliang
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Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology (Vol. 49 no. 1, 2016, p.53-72.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865814547133
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The risk of violent crimes is found to be strongly concentrated in the central city area. Neighbourhood socioeconomic, demographic, especially land use characteristics are effective in accounting for the spatial variation in the distribution of violent crimes across the city of Changchun
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Subject: Crime Prevention
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On the deterrent effect of stop, question, and frisk.
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APEL, Robert
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Criminology and Public Policy (Vol. 15 no. 1, 2016, p.57-66.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12175
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Discusses the recent study by Weisburd, et.al. and expresses concern that the value of other elements of policing hotspots has to been fully taken into consideration, and also that the tactic may discourage the presence of law abiding citizens which will reduce criminal opportunities and may make victims reluctant to report crimes.
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Foot-in-the-door technique, crime, and the responsive bystander: A field experiment.
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GUEGUEN, Nicolas; MARTIN, Angelique; SILONE, Fabien; PASCUAL, Alexandre
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Crime Prevention and Community Safety (Vol. 18 no. 1, 2016, p.60-68.)
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This research finds that more bystanders intervened in the "foot in the door" condition to stop a theft in a public place (84%) than in a control condition (47%) in the same location. It argues that social responsibility activation explains these results.
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Gating and residential robbery.
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JACOBS, Bruce A; ADDINGTON, Lynn A
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Crime Prevention and Community Safety (Vol. 18 no. 1, 2016, p.19-37.)
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Analyses the U.S. National Crime Victimisation Survey and finds there is no significant difference in robbery rates between gated and non-gated complexes.
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What works, what doesn't, what's constitutional? The problem with assessing an unconstitutional police practice.
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SWEETEN, Gary
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Criminology and Public Policy (Vol. 15 no. 1, 2016, p.67-73.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12176
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Comments on the recent study by Weisburd, et.al. and asks whether "what works" is all that matters and discusses police-community relations given the constitutional violations that the program imposes on minorities.
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Do stop, question, and frisk practices deter crime? Evidence at microunits of space and time
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WEISBURD, David; WOODITCH, Alese; WEISBURD, Sarit; YANG, Sue-Ming
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Criminology and Public Policy (Vol. 15 no. 1, 2016, p.31-56.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12172
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This research in New York City suggest that “stop, question and frisk” practices at crime hot spots produce a significant, though modest deterrent effect on crime.
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Subject: Crime Scene Examination
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Crime scene staging dynamics in homicide cases.
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PETTLER, Laura G
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Taylor and Francis 2015 416p. figs., bibliog.
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ISBN: 9781498711197
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INTERNET RESOURCE
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http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781498711197
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People who commit murder sometimes pose or reposition victims, weapons, and evidence to make it look like events happened in a different way to what actually occurred. This book provides a methodology of identifying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating the evidence of each case by learning to marry the physical evidence to the behavioral evidence. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing behavioral red flags which are often present in staged crime scenes and describes various types of crime scene staging behavioral patterns.
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Subject: Criminal Behaviour
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Journey to murder: examining the correlates of criminal mobility in sexual homicide.
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MARTINEAU, Melissa; BEAUREGARD, Eric
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Police Practice and Research (Vol. 17 no. 1, February 2016, p68-83.)
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View full text (via Athens): http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2014.994215
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Finds that sexual murderers who engage in intra-crime travel tend to use a vehicle during the offence, target adults involved in the sex trade and move the body post murder.
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