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Flood Risks – Hazardous Materials
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- 5.6 Flood Risks – Local Drainage
- 5.7 Summary: Exposure to Flood Risks
- 6.1 Pearland Government Structure
5.5 Flood Risks – Hazardous MaterialsWhen floodwaters affect locations where hazardous materials are stored or used, the stage is set for potential effects that go far beyond the physical onsite damage. Certain materials are reactive in water and others may pose health and safety risks if distributed downstream by rising waters. Another potential hazard is the stores of chlorine used at the City’s water treatment plants, some of which are located adjacent to the mapped floodplain. The database of the locations of hazardous materials, when plotted on the FEMA flood map, indicates 18 locations of hazardous materials that plot as within the mapped floodplain or within a 1,000-foot buffer around the floodplain boundary (Map 5-5). Sites within the buffer are shown in part to account for uncertainties in the geocoding of the physical locations of the materials. Despite the apparent risk, there have yet been no reported hazardous materials incidences related to flooding. Depending on the nature of the hazardous materials and the facilities containing them, it may be appropriate for facility owners to examine the potential for damage under reasonably anticipated flood conditions. In addition, owners may find it prudent to examine the sites to determine if it is appropriate and feasible to provide protection measures to minimize risks. 5.6 Flood Risks – Local DrainageMany areas and streets experience accumulations of rainfall that are slow to drain away, which may cause disruption of normal traffic, soil erosion, and water quality problems. Local drainage problems contribute to the frequency of flooding, increase ditch maintenance costs, and are perceived to adversely affect the quality of life in some neighborhoods. As outlined in Section 3.2, the City Council has identified flooding and drainage as a high priority goal and a number of supporting objectives are intended to help identify solutions. Section 6.6 addresses each objective in more detail. Many areas prone to shallow, local drainage flooding are not shown on the City’s Flood Insurance Rate Maps. One measure of the magnitude of this problem is the number of flood insurance policies in-force on buildings that are outside of the mapped floodplain. Local drainage flooding throughout the Corrigan Subdivision is a problem, even during frequent rain storms (see Section 6.6). It is a concern because access for emergency services (fire, emergency medical) can be limited. While the depth of water generally is relatively shallow, a number of homes have been flooded repetitively and are identified by FEMA as “repetitive loss properties.” 
5.7 Summary: Exposure to Flood RisksAs described in Section 5.3, digital maps of the floodplain are used for flood hazard identification and assessments of risk. The data, combined with the footprint information for buildings, allow determination of residents and assets of the built environment that are “at risk” only by identifying whether such assets are “in” or “out” of the flood hazard area. No other characterization of flood risk can be made, i.e., depth of flooding or whether houses are in the floodway or the flood fringe. Table 5-4, based on a form provided in the State’s Mitigation Handbook (DEM 21) is a summary of flood risks. For the purpose of this table, number of people per home is based on the U.S. Census value of 2.82 occupants per household for Pearland. Special facilities include fire stations and schools (nursing homes and day care centers are not identified in the City’s GIS).
6.1 Pearland Government StructureThe City of Pearland is governed by the Council/Manager form of government in accordance with the Home Rule Charter adopted by the voters in February, 1971. The City Council is the legislative and policy-making body of the City. It consists of the Mayor and 5 members elected at-large for 3-year, staggered terms. Elections are held annually the first Saturday in May. The Mayor and Council provide community leadership, develop policies to guide the City in delivering services and achieving community goals, and encourage citizen awareness and involvement. In addition to the Council/Manager structure, the City government is organized into the following departments (www.ci.pearland.tx.us): Administration, Animal Control, City Secretary, Community Development, Economic Development, Planning, Engineering, Finance, Human Resources, Information Technology, Parks & Recreation, Projects, Public Affairs, and Public Works. With respect to planning for and responding to natural hazard events, the key elements of the City’s organization are:
The Pearland Planning and Zoning Commission is composed of seven members appointed by the City Council. It is an advisory board to the City Council on land use matters and also is the final decision-making authority on matters related to subdivision plat approval. The Commission’s fundamental powers include:
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