3. Optional area. Musical Presentation Statement Area Optional area

Appendix F. Title Access Points

Title access plays an important role in enabling users to identify and locate special collections materials. While some title access will be handled by controlled forms, this appendix lists specific situations, commonly encountered by rare materials catalogers, in which the provision of uncontrolled title access points is likely to be useful. Uniform titles are discussed briefly below in F3.

This appendix is not intended as an exhaustive list of all instances in which uncontrolled title access points may be made. Use judgment in determining which forms of access will be most useful for the item in hand. In general, do not include access points that duplicate normalized forms of existing title access points (e.g., the title proper, a uniform title, etc.). Take the indexing capabilities of the institution's local system or discovery layer into consideration when determining whether the additional access points are needed.

F2. Rules relevant to the provision of title access points

The list is presented in DCRM(M) rule number order. Title access points considered optional are labeled as such.

Provide access for the entire title proper exactly as transcribed, disregarding initial articles as required by filing rules.

If nonroman text has been transcribed within the first five words of the title proper, provide additional title access for a romanized version of the title proper using the ALA-LC Romanization Tables.

平家 物語

Heike monogatari

If any of the first five words in the title proper contains a letterform I, V, i, j, u, or v that has been converted to uppercase or lowercase according to the table in 0G2.2, provide additional title access for the form of the title proper that corresponds to modern orthography (i.e., using i and u for vowels, j and v for consonants, and w for consonantal vv).

If it differs from title access points already provided, also provide title access for the form of the title proper that corresponds to the graphical appearance of the letters in the source, converting them from uppercase or lowercase without regard for the pattern of usage in the publication resource being described.

Source:

NOVI ATQVE CATHOLICI THESAVRI MVSICI LIBER TERTIVS DE SANCTIS SVAVISSIMIS HARMONIIS

Transcription:

Noui atque Catholici thesauri musici liber tertius de sanctis suauissimis harmoniis

Novi atque Catholici thesauri musici liber tertius de sanctis suavissimis harmoniis

Novi atqve Catholici thesavri mvsici liber tertivs de sanctis svavissimis harmoniis

If any of the first five words in the title proper is a Latin word with a final capital I that has been retained in the transcription, provide additional title access for the form of title proper with the final capital I converted to ii.

Simonis MolinarI Motectorum quinis

Newhampshire & Vermont ALMANAC

Newhampshire & Vermont Almanac

New Hampshire & Vermont almanac

If a title proper contains hyphens or other characters as substitutes for letters, and the meaning of the characters is known, provide additional access to the decoded form of the title.

If any spacing has been inserted in the transcription of the first five words of the title proper, provide additional title access for the form of title with the words closed up.

La morte d'Orfeo

Lamorte d'Orfeo

If the title proper contains initials, initialisms, or acronyms with internal spaces, provide additional title access for the title with the spaces closed up. Conversely, if the title proper contains initials, initialisms, or acronyms without internal spaces, provide title access for the title with the spaces inserted.

If a blank space intended to be filled in manuscript has been transcribed within the first five words of the title proper as the word “blank” enclosed in square brackets, provide additional title access for the form of title proper without the interpolated blank. Provide additional title access for the the form of the title with the blank filled, when deemed useful (see also 7B21.1.3, Appendix F 7B21).

Magnificat in [blank]

Magnificat in

Magnificat in re mineur

If any of the first five words in the title proper contains a mistake (e.g., misprint, misspelling or other inaccuracy) that has been corrected in the transcription through the insertion of [i.e. ...], provide additional title access for the form of title proper as it appears in the source, without the correction. In addition, provide title access for the form of title as if it had been given correctly.

Six quatuor [i.e. quatuors] à flute, violon, taille & basse, obligés

Six quatuor à flute, violon, taille & basse, obligés

Six quatuors à flute, violon, taille et basse, obligés

If any of the first five words in the title proper contains a mistake that has been qualified in the transcription by the insertion of [sic], provide additional title access for the form of title proper without the [sic]. In addition, provide title access for the form of title as if it had been given correctly.

Source:

Of the knowledeg whiche maketh a wise man

Transcription:

Of the knowledeg [sic] whiche maketh a wise man

Of the knowledeg whiche maketh a wise man

Of the knowledge whiche maketh a wise man

If the title proper contains words spelled according to older or non-standard orthographic conventions, provide additional title access for the title spelled according to modern orthography.

If any of the first five words in the title proper contains two letters used to approximate a third letter, provide additional title access for the form of title proper with the letters transcribed as set.

Die Weysse der Messz vnnd Geniessung des hochwirdige[n] Sacraments

Rveysse der Messz vnnd Geniessung des hochwirdigen Sacraments

If the title proper contains a cataloger’s expansions of special marks of contraction, provide additional title access for the title as it appears in the publication, ignoring the marks of contraction. In addition, provide title access for the transcribed form of the title proper, but without the square brackets.

Compendiu[m] musices confectu[m] ad facilioru[m] instructione[m] cantu[m] chorale[m] discentiu[m]

Compendiu musices confectu ad facilioru instructione cantu chorale discentiu

Compendium musices confectum ad faciliorum instructionem cantum choralem discentium

If an element appearing before the title proper on the chief sourcechief source of information has been transposed, provide additional title access for element or for the title inclusive of the preceding element. If the preceding element has not been transposed, so that the title proper includes it, provide additional title access for the title without the preceding element.

If elements of the title proper have been transposed to permit a logical reading of the title proper, provide additional access for the title in its untransposed form.

1B3.2. Title proper inclusive of an alternative title (Optional)

Provide additional title access for an alternative title.

Provide additional title access for a title that is supplementary to, or a section of, another work when both titles, whether or not grammatically separable, are recorded together as the title proper. If the supplement or section title is a title such as “Supplement” or “Chapter one,” however, and so is indistinctive and dependent for its meaning on the main title, generally do not provide additional access.is not distinctive, and is dependent for its meaning on the main title (e.g., “Supplement”, “Chapter one”), do not provide additional access.

Provide additional title access for a parallel title.

Provide additional title access for phrases concerning commentary, appendixes, etc., if the phrase is distinctive and the additional access seems useful.

For other than supplementary matter, Pprovide access for the titles of additional works named on a chief sourcechief source of information without a collective title, unless it is supplementary matter. Also, selectively provide access for titles of additional works found in such a publication although not named on the chief sourcechief source of information.

Provide access for the series title proper exactly as it appears on the publication, unless title access is provided using a uniform series title.

Provide additional access for cover titles, added title page titles, caption titles, half titles, running titles, spine titles, first line of text (when considered important) and significant other title information.

Provide additional access for any separate title on accompanying material deemed useful.

Provide additional access for copy-specific titles, such as a binder’s title or a blank space in the title that has been filled in by hand (see also 0G6.4).

While the title proper (or other variant title) is the best way to access a particular edition of a musical work or works, it is often less useful in finding all the editions, arrangements, etc. of that work. Because much music is primarily non-textual in nature, musical works are often not named by a unique title, but by a musical form or genre (e.g., symphony, concerto) with perhaps a musical key designation, and a numeric designation (either by opus number or ordinary serial number). This title may appear in any language, depending on the publisher of the work, and may be different in manuscript music than in its first publication. To add to the confusion, numerous well-known musical works also have textual “nicknames”, as in Beethoven’s Symphony no. 3, which is known as the “Eroica”. Even with vocal music, which usually has a distinctive title (i.e., not a generic form/type), the large number of works that appear either in translation alone or with both the original text and the translation in one edition, cause language to become an issue. In addition, the form/genre as title (known as a composition type) may present its elements in different order, or there may be several works with the same title (even by the same composer).

Using Beethoven’s third symphony as an example, the following list shows a variety of ways in which its title proper can appear, mainly in the English language:

Symphony no. 3

Symphony number 3

Third symphony

3rd symphony

Symphony, op. 55

Eroica symphony

Sinfonia eroica

These examples do not include any optional additions of key (e.g., E-flat major) or instrumentation (e.g., for orchestra).

To bring together all the manifestations of a particular musical work and to differentiate between works with similar or identical titles, AACR2 and RDA provide means to create uniform titlestitle and name/uniform title access pointstitles. AACR2, chapter 25.1A describes the purpose of uniform titles:

Uniform titles can be used for different purposes. They provide the means:

for bringing together all catalogue entries for a work when various manifestations (e.g., editions, translations) of it have appeared under various titles;

for identifying a work when the title by which it is known differs from the title proper of the item resource being catalogued;

for differentiating between two or more works published under identical titles proper;

for organizing the file.

Use of uniform titles is optional in AACR2, as are title access points in RDA, but they are used by most music catalogers and are generally considered necessary, except when the uniform title would mirror exactly the title proper. The use of uniform titles with DCRM(M) is strongly encouraged.

Name/title authority records (i.e., the composer’s name linked with the title) established according to RDA rules for access points, are available from the Library of Congress name authority file and are valid for use in both AACR2 and RDA records. For guidance in creating new uniform titles/access points, see AACR2, Chapter 25.25 or RDA 6.28 (Contructing Access Points to Represent Musical Works and Expressions). If an institution is a BIBCO participant contributing full-level records as part of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC), all name and title headings should be established in the LC/NACO Authority File in accordance with RDA and PCC practice.

Guidance on deciding whether a title is a composition type or a distinctive title is available in MLA’s Types of Compositions for Use in Authorized Access Points for Music (RDA) or Types of Composition for Use in Music Uniform Titles (AACR2) documents, accessible via LC’s Cataloger’s DesktTop or directly from their websites at (RDA) or (AACR2). Further instruction and in-depth analysis of AACR2 headings is available in Koth’s Uniform Titles for Music²⁷ or any manual on cataloging music according to AACR2.