A note on Structure
Sunday, 1st of September, 1816: Macquarie’s bowel inflammation
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- 9 th of September, 1816: Native Institution admissions from the Hawkesbury
- 14 th of September, 1816: Cox’s five parties
- 28 th of September, 1816: Parties still in field
- 28 th of September, 1816: Trial of Daniel Mow-watty
Sunday, 1st of September, 1816: Macquarie’s bowel inflammationWhether Macquarie’s decision to withdraw from public life in early September 1816 was the result of something he ate or something that was happening on the Nepean Hawkesbury remains unknown. ‘I was this morning forced to confine myself to the House, in consequence of a most severe and alarming Complaint in my Bowels – and with which I have for these last 3 months less or more [been] afflicted, and which I now begin to apprehend is an inflammation in my Bowels – from the fixed continued Pain in my Stomach for some time past. — I have therefore resolved on taking immediate medical advice – and confining myself to my Room in hopes of benefitting therefrom.’248 Sunday 8th of September, 1816: The passing of Macquarie’s bowel inflammation ‘My Medical attendants Doctors Wentworth, Redfern and Forster, having been most assiduously kind and attentive to me both Night [&] Day for this last Week, administering to me every medicine and Surgical application they thought most likely to remove my disease; I am happy to be able to say now that the Disease has at length yielded to their Skill and Prescriptions – and that I am now – thanks to my God! free from Danger and relieved from great Pain; being now in a progressive State of Convalescence. L. M.’249 9th of September, 1816: Native Institution admissions from the HawkesburyOn the 9th of September 1816 the second of two Aboriginal children from Dr Arndell’s Cattai farm were admitted to the Native Institution. It is possible to conjecture that they also had been orphaned in the military operations. 14th of September, 1816: Cox’s five partiesMagistrate Cox organised five parties of soldiers, settlers and native guides to sweep the Nepean Hawkesbury valley for a fortnight in September 1816. It would appear that one of the parties was disbanded following an accident on the Hawkesbury River. Magistrate Cox only had intermittent contact with these parties. ‘Distribution of parties 14th Septr 1816 Serjt Broadfoot. 5 privates, 3 White Guides, 2 Black Guides - - 11. this party takes the East side of the Hawkesbury River with a boat to attend them. Corp. Milner. 5 privates, 3 White Guides, 2 Black guides - - - 11. this party take the West side of the River and cooperate with the Serjts party between the Branches. Corp. Wolstencroft 5 privates, 3 White Guides, 2 Black guides - - 11. these [indecipherable] at Mr Bells to range the country between the Grose & Upper Branch. Corp.Macanally 5 privates, 3 White Guides, 2 Black Guides - 11. this party [indecipherable] between Mr Coxs & Mr J. Blaxlands and range between Wrights Farm, the Warragambi & down towards Sir John Jamiesons.250 Constable McLaughlin 3 constables, 6 White Men and 1 Black Man, tracing the Natives from the Grose, more to the N.W. than the Branches.- - 11. ----------------------- The Serjts party & Milner. detached a fortnight, from the 13th Inst. Corp. Wolstencroft’s party detached 14 Dy from the 14th Inst. Corp. Macanally do do 14 Dy from the 17th. Twelve Natives take this time of Duty. Vis. 1 Charles Mulgrave 3. Branch Jack 5. Baraa 7. Coliby 9. Bobby 11. Joe 2. Pulpin251 4 Iron Bark Jack 6. Simon 8. Mary Mary 10. Simon 12. Tanner/Jarrow(?)’252 28th of September, 1816: Parties still in fieldAfter the fortnight elapsed Cox reported back to Macquarie. However, the parties did not come back, but stayed out for an indeterminate length of time. The memorandum below was received by Governor Macquarie on the 8th of October 1816. ‘28th Septr All the parties returned three White Men, two soldiers and 2 Natives laid up from Accidents in Hawkesbury River. (?) The five parties reduced to four from this point, the White Men with the soldiers parties filled up with those of Constable McLaughlins party. Two of the four soldiers parties are under Serjt Broadfoots direction & it would be much more desirable if the other two had also a Serjt to command them, the officer or Magistrates would then only have to consult with the two sarjeants & a constable from each party once a fortnight or often if necessary. One Serjt & one corporal would make the four parties complete according to this plan.’253 --------------------------------- 28th of September, 1816: Trial of Daniel Mow-wattyDaniel Mow-watty had been brought up with settlers and gone to England with Caley. On his return he took to the bush. He was tried on 28th September 1816 for the rape of a white girl about five or six miles northwest of Parramatta on 6th August; Marsden's evidence probably did Daniel little good given Marsden's detestation of Caley. The Court wishing clearly to ascertain the prisoner's clear and conscious discrimination between good and evil, in the examination of the several witnesses were particularly attentive to this point. The Rev. Mr. Marsden spoke also to his knowledge of the prisoner, which had subsisted for nearly 20 years. He was reared in Parramatta “from his infancy, first in the family of Richard Partridge, and afterwards with Mr. Caley, botanist, who took him to England with him; where he resided about a twelvemonth, and then re turned to this Colony. He had met him since his return naked in the woods, at a considerable distance from the settlements; knows that he was in the service of Mr. Bellamy; had no doubt of his acquaintance, from long experience, with our manners and customs, and had a thorough discrimination between right and wrong; he had admitted the act for which he was then on trial to be wrong, and appeared to possess as strong an intellect as persons in general possess who have not the advantages of education.”254 Daniel was found guilty and executed on 1st November 1816.255 Wednesday, 30th of October, 1816: Payment to Cox for his expedition expenses Note that Cox was paid in sterling rather than currency. The hiring of a boat almost certainly relates to Serjeant Broadfoot’s party. “I this day drew on a Draft on the Police Fund in favor of Wm. Cox Esqr. J. P. for the Sum of £76.10.7 – Str., being the amount of Provisions, sundry necessaries and Boat-hire, incurred during the recent Warfare with the Hostile Natives, for the Military Parties & Guides under the direction of Mr. Cox. L.M.”256 Friday, 1st November, 1816: Daniel Mowwatting’s execution and the official end of hostilities ‘This morning were executed, agreeably to their respective Sentences. the three Criminals under Sentence of Death – namely – Thomas Collins and Hugh Mc.Lair – for High-way Robbery – and Daniel Mowwatting (a Black Native of this Colony) for Rape and Robbery on a young Female White Woman a native of this Colony. — The three malefactors confessed their Crimes – and all Died Penitent.’257 ‘By his Excellency Lachlan Macquarie, Esquire, &c, &c., &c. Whereas since the issuing of the Proclamation, bearing Date the 20th of July last, which it was deemed expedient to make in Consequence of the Murders and Depredations committed by certain of the Hostile Native Tribes in the Interior of these Settlements, several of those Natives have been either killed or taken Prisoners under the Authority of that Proclamation; and it being now hoped that the Punishments inflicted and Examples made have effected the desired Object of deterring them from any further Prosecution of such Acts of Violence and Depredation on the Persons and Property of the Settlers and their Families; and that the adoption of conciliatory Measures will produce in the said Native Tribes an Inclination and Resolution to avoid for the future a Repetition of those Barbarities and outrages; It is hereby publicly proclaimed, that such Part of the said Proclamation of the 20th of July last, as proscribed certain guilty Natives therein named, is hereby revoked and annulled; and that from and after the Eighth Day of the present Month of November, all hostile Operations, Military or other, against the said Native Tribes will cease and determine. And whereas the following Ten Natives are those so proscribed in the said Proclamation of the 20th of July last; viz.:—
It is hereby proclaimed and made known, that such of the said Ten Natives as have not been killed or apprehended under the Authority of the said Proclamation, and who shall surrender and give themselves up to a Magistrate, on or before the 28th Day of the next Month of December, will be forgiven and pardoned for their past Offences, and taken under the Protection of the British Government in this Colony, in common with those peaceable and unoffending Natives who have so long enjoyed and are still under its Favour and Encouragement; but if the said proscribed Natives do not avail themselves of the Benefit of this Proclamation, by surrendering within the said limited Time, or shall henceforth commit any Act or Acts of Murder, Violence, or Depredation on the Persons or Property of the Settlers, then, and in such Case, Measures, more strong and effective than those hereby revoked, will be resorted to; and the most summary and condign Punishment inflicted on those who shall hereafter disturb the public peace. 3. And whereas in the Proclamation of the 4th of May last, a General Friendly Meeting of the Natives was proposed to be held at the Market Place in Parramatta, on Saturday the 28th Day of December next ensuing, at Ten o'clock in the Forenoon; in pursuance of such Proclamation, the said proposed General Friendly Meeting of the Natives is hereby invited at the Time and Place therein mentioned, at which Meeting His Excellency the Governor will confer and advise with them on the Plan of Life they may be inclined to adopt for their own Comfort and Happiness, and they are assured of being treated, on that Occasion, with plentiful Refreshments of Meat and Drink. 4. The Magistrates, and other Peace Officers throughout the Settlements, are hereby enjoined to give every possible Publicity to this Proclamation in their several Districts, and exert themselves to make it perfectly understood by the Natives to which it refers. Given under my Hand, at Government House, Sydney, this first Day of November, 1816. Lachlan Macquarie. By Command of His Excellency, John Thomas Campbell, Secretary. God save the King!’258 Tuesday 5th of November, 1816: Macquarie visited Bungaree ‘This morning early I went by water in the Govt. Barge, accompanied by Mrs. M. Mr. & Mrs. Cowper, Capt. Gill, and my own Family, to visit the Native Farm at George's Head, on which occasion Mrs. Macquarie made Boongary the Chief a Present of a Breeding Sow & 7 Pigs – and also a Pair of Muscovy Ducks – together with Suits of Clothes for his wife & Daughter and Philip's Wife. — We afterwards crossed the Harbour to Vaucluse, breakfasted there – and afterwards visited the Tower building at South Head which is already Ten feet above the level of the Ground. — We reimbarked [sic] at Watson's Bay – and returned again to Sydney by Half past 1,O'Clock. — L. M.’259 The following memorandum suggests that certain young men were recommended to receive rewards for their services. Certainly William Stubbs and Ralph Turnbull received land grants. ‘List of Six Free Men Guides. ---------------- - Johnston, son of Mr Andw Johnston. Dist Constable Port Head Wm Carver – son of Mr Carver, Dist Constable Richmond. Wm Stubbs – son in Law of Mr Painter, Free Settler. Port Head260 Josh McLaughlin McLoughlin261 to receive 50 acres! Constables. Wm McFadden McFaddin to receive 90 acres! John Tye later a Constable. – Windsor 6th Novr. 1816 Wm Cox J.P.’262 The following letter is of particular concern because it appears to signal hostility from Aboriginal people on the Lower Hawkesbury and Kissing Point towards the activities of the South Creek Aboriginal people in acting as guides for the soldiers and settlers. ‘Clarendon 15 Novr. 1816. Sir The Constant rain we have had since Wednesday last has prevented the Natives going to Sydney. It appears taking up again & I am sending this to Mr Howe to direct him to send them down tomorrow so as to be with Your Excellency on Monday next, I have directed the two constables McFadden & McLoughlin who were white guides to go with them. Mary-Mary told me yesterday if Your Excellency wished it he would send his young girl to the School. I told him it would please you & desired him to take it down. It is a half cast child and a very Interesting One, between 2 & 3 years of Age.263 The Creek Natives seem to be under some apprehension of punishment from the Natives low down the River joined by some from towards Kissing Point. Should Your Excellency see Bidgee Bidgee264 while Creek Jamie is at Sydney it may be prevented as it should be if possible. I have the Honor to Remain Your Excellency’s very obed. serv. Wm Cox. On Service His Excellency Gov’r Macquarie & & & Sydney By Creek Jamie a South Creek Chief’265 Saturday 16th of November, 1816: Macquarie released five Aboriginal warriors ‘I this day released from Jail Five Black Natives who have been confined there for some weeks past on account of their Depredations and hostile conduct towards the White Settlers in the interior where they had been apprehended by the Military Detachments in pursuit of them. — The names of these Natives are Jemmy Monday, Kitten, Jack, Pamborah, and Pinboya. — I gave each of them a Blanket and three days Provisions to carry them Home, Pardoned all past crimes, and cautioned them against the serious Punishments that would certainly be inflicted upon them in the event of their ever manifesting any further hostility against the White Colonists. I still retained in Jail Jubbinguy – a Black Native – on account of his cruel and sanguinary character. — L. 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