Internal Link- Security Concerns

Internal Link- Security Concerns

As U.S. military space developments have evolved, China's observations and subsequent conclusions have engendered a fundamental response: we cannot accept this state of affairs For reasons of defense of national sover­eignty as well as China's broader interests in space — civilian, commercial and military — America's pursuit of space control and dominance and its pursuit to develop ASATs and space weapons pose an intolerable risk to China's na­tional security⁹ China's own ASAT test embodied this message Attempting to redress what China perceives as a critically unbalanced strategic environment that increasingly endangers its interests, China demonstrated a deterrent to defend against that threat Its willingness to risk international opprobrium through such a test conveys China's grim resolve to send that message.

It is highly probable that competition between China and other advanced space- faring nations will intensify with regard to space development and use in general. The use of space is certain to become an increasingly vital element of China’s security and civil needs. However, as a nation that operates in the globalized world, China is starting to realize that growth in science and technology cannot be achieved outside of that environment. Consequently, China and other nations

34might vie with one another to take the initiative in future space activities, but that rivalry is very unlikely to escalate into sharp military conflict.

Still, space is a region indispensable to national security, and thus China’s enhancement of space development capabilities and its expansion of space-based military capabilities are bound to continue being shaped in part by security concerns. China’s use of space as a diplomatic tool will likely continue growing as well, so the international community should keep a watch on trends in China’s space program.

Internal link- Strategic planning

Internal Link---Space increasingly important in Chinese strategic planning

Zhang 11 (Hui, Senior Research Associate, Project on Managing the Atom, University of California Press, “The Security Dilemma in the U.S.-China Military Space Relationship

The Prospects for Arms Control,” http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/10.1525/AS.2011.51.2.311.pdf?acceptTC=true)

There is a second threshold rapidly approaching that is raising China's national security anxieties. China now stands at the cusp of becoming a heavily invested power in space. China has deep and growing interests in terms of the lucrative commercial satellite industry, its civilian, manned and exploratory space programs as well as military programs in space. China plans to launch up to 100 satellites during the Eleventh Five Year Plan (2006-2010), an almost four-fold increase from the number launched in the preceding FYP. It's manned and unmanned civilian exploratory programs are equally ambitious for the next 15 years with launches planned for manned docking in orbit, voyages to the moon and the beginning of a Mars program. Several new satellite and micro-satellite research and production facilities have significantly boosted China's indigenous satellite production program. Also, a brand new launch center is under construction in Hainan Province, which will vastly increase China's capacity to launch vehicles into geostationary orbit. Due to China's highly opaque system and the inherent dual-use nature of space technology, its military programs are largely unknown, though certainly significant. All told, China's ambitions in space are impressive and the growth of its programs is unprecedented, perhaps even compared with past Soviet and American space programs. Moreover, space is far more than a monetary investment for China. Its aspirations in space are also part of a larger and more comprehensive economic and social plan. Presently, China remains less dependent and therefore less vulnerable in space than the United States, but that situation is changing. The ASAT test was a clear message that China also has deep and growing interests in space that require defending.

Internal Link- Technology

Internal link---Space is key source of technological modernization efforts

Johnson-Freese 7 (Joan, Professor at the USA Naval War College, specialty in space programs and space security, “China’s Space Ambitions,” Instiut Francais des Relations Internationales)

Driving Beijing’s recent space achievement is a long-term commitment "to propel China’s high technology development" fueled by the ideology of techno-nationalism. Techno-nationalism is the 21st century equivalent of the earlier developmental nationalism that had stemmed from colonial subjugation and left many populations willing to accept national discipline—such as the Chinese one child policy—to produce independent national power. While even China is not governed by a single guiding ideology today, the increasing salience of space and of other advanced technologies is bringing techno-nationalism to the fore as a useful framework for understanding the motivations of developing great powers such as China. It helps to answer such questions as "Why would China, with over 1.3 billion people to feed, house and keep employed, spend money on a manned space program?"

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