giving a guy directions who you've already trusted to think for himself.
Now, if he thinks badly, you can sack him. But trust him first. That is the
big thing.
Now, then, there is another traditional principle, the source of another
essay here called the principle of participation. Our whole lives have been
wrecked, often from childhood, because we have not been participants. There
had been too much of the parental thing, too much of the wrong kind of the
parental thing. We always wanted to belong, we always wanted to participate;
and there is going to be a constant tendency, which we must always defend
against, and that is to place in our service structure any group, AA as a
whole, the Conference, the Board of Trustees, committees, executives - to
place any of these people in absolutely unqualified authority, one over the
other. This is an institutional, a military, set-up - and God knows we
drunks have rejected institutions and this kind of authority, for our
purpose, haven't we?
So, therefore, how, as a practical matter, are we going to express this
participation. Right here in this conference it's burned in; in Article XII
you'll see this statement in the Conference Charter: nobody is to be set in
utter authority over anybody else. How do we prevent this?
The Trustees here, and the headquarters people here, are in a great minority
over you people. You have the ultimate authority over us. And you say, well
these folks are nicely incorporated, and we ain't; and they have the dough
legally, so have we got it? Sure, you got it. You can go home and shut the
dough off, can't you? You've got the ultimate authority but - we've got some
delegated authority. Now when you get in this Conference, you find that the
Trustees, and the Directors and the staffs have votes.
And many of you say, why is it; we represent the groups; why the hell
shouldn't we tell these people? Why should they utter one yip while we're
doing it? Oh, we'll let 'em yip, but not vote. Well, you see, right there we
get from the institutional idea to the corporate idea. And in the corporate
business world, there is participation in these levels. Can you imagine how
much stock would you buy in General Motors if you knew the president and
half the board of directors couldn't get into a meeting because they were on
the payroll? Or could just come in and listen to the out-of-town directors?
You'd want these people's opinions registered. And they can't really belong
unless they vote. This we have found out by the hardest kind of experience.
So therefore, the essay here on participation deals with the principle that
any AA servant in any top echelon of service, regardless of whether they're
paid, unpaid, volunteer or what, shall be entitled to reasonable voting
privileges in accordance with their responsibility.
And you good politicos are going to say, but these people here hold a
balance of power. Well, we qualified that in one way. We'll take the balance
of power away from them when it comes to qualifications for their own jobs
or voting in approval of their own actions. But the bulk of the work of this
Conference has to do with plans and policy for the future. So supposing that
among you Delegates there is a split. And supposing these people come in and
vote, which, by the way, they seldom do as a bloc, and they swing it one way
or the other on matters of future policy and planning; well, after all, why
shouldn't they? Are they any less competent than the rest of us? Of course
not. Besides these technical considerations, there is this deep need in us
to belong, to participate. And you can only participate on the basis of
equality - and one token of this is voting equality. At first blush, you
won't like the idea. But you'll have a chance to think about it.
One more idea: There came to this country some hundred years ago a French
Baron whose family and himself had been wracked by the French revolution, de
Tocqueville. And he was a worshipful admirer of democracy. And in those days
democracy seemed to be mostly expressed in people's minds by votes of simple
majorities. And he was a worshipful admirer of the spirit of democracy as
expressed by the power of a majority to govern. But, said de Tocqueville, a
majority can be ignorant, it can be brutal, it can be tyrannous - and we
have seen it. Therefore, unless you most carefully protect a minority, large
or small, make sure that minority opinions are voiced, make sure that
minorities have unusual rights, you're democracy is never going to work and
its spirit will die. This was de Toqueville's prediction and, considering
today's times, is it strange that he is not widely read now?
That is why in this Conference we try to get a unanimous consent while we
can; this is why we say the Conference can mandate the Board of Trustees on
a two-thirds vote. But we have said more here. We have said that any
Delegate, any Trustee, any staff member, any service director, - any board,
committee or whatever -- that wherever there is a minority, it shall always
be the right of this minority to file a minority report so that their views
are held up clearly. And if in the opinion of any such minority, even a
minority of one, if the majority is about to hastily or angrily do something
which could be to the detriment of Alcoholics Anonymous, the serious
detriment, it is not only their right to file a minority appeal, it is their
duty.
So, like de Tocqueville, neither you nor I want either the tyranny or the
majority, nor the tyranny of the small minority. And steps have been taken
here to balance up these relations.
Now, some of the other things cover topics like this, I touched on this: The
Conference acknowledges the primary administrative responsibility of the
Trustees. We have talked about electing trustees and yet primarily they are
a body of administrators. In a sense, it's an executive body, isn't it? Look
at any form of government. (Understand we're not a form of government, but
you have to pay attention to these forms). The President of the United
States is the only elected executive; all the rest are appointive, aren't
they, subject to confirmation by the Senate, which is the system we got here
- and this goes into that.
And then there is this question taken up in another essay. How can these
legal rights of the Trustees, which haven't been changed one jot or tittle
by the appearance of this Conference, if they've got the legal right to hang
on to your money and do as they dammed please, what's going to stop them?
Well, the answer is: Nobody has a vested interest. They have to be
volunteers always. They are amenable to the spirit of this Conference and
its power and its prestige -- and if they are not, there is a provision here
by which they can be reorganized; there is a provision in here by which they
can be censored - and you can always go home and shut off the money spigot.
So, the traditional power of this Conference and the groups is actually
superior to the legal power of the Trustees. That is the balance. But the
trustees as a minority some day, should this Conference get very angry and
unreasonable, say: Boys, we're going to veto you for the time being, we
ain't gonna do this - even as the President of the United States has the
veto, so will these fellows. You go home and think this over. We won't go
along. And if you give them a vote of no confidence, they can appeal to the
groups. These are the balances, see; this is interpretive, this has all been
implicit in our structure but we're trying to spell it out.
Well, there are others - There's a whole section on leadership, service
leadership from top to bottom, what it's composed of. In AA we wash between
great extremes. On the one side, we've got the infallible leader who never
makes any mistakes - and let us do just as he says. On the other side we
have a concept of leadership which goes and says: What shall I do? What
shall I do? Tell me, what time do it - I'm just a humble servant, not a
trusted one, just a humble one. The hell with either. Leadership in practice
works in between - and we spell that out. And so on.
This will give you an idea of what's cooking in the Twelve Concepts for
World Service. The last one which I haven't done deals with the Conference -
Article XII of the Conference charter. And you who recall it know that this
is several things. First of all, it's the substance of the contract the
groups made with the Board of Trustees at the time of St. Louis. And this
contract decrees that this body shall never be a government.
It decrees that we shall be prudent financially. It decrees that we shall be
keepers of the AA Tradition - and so on - so that it is in part a spiritual
document and in part a contract. And, God willing, because it is both
spiritual and contract, let it be for all time of our existence a sanctified
contract.
My own days of active service, like the sands in our last hourglass, are
running out. And this is good. We know that all families have to have
parents and we know that the great unwisdom of all parenthood is to try to
remain the parents of infants in adolescence and keep people in this state
forever. We know that when the parents have done their bit, and said their
pieces, and have nursed the family along, that there comes the point that
the parents must say: Now, you go out and try your wings. You haven't grown
up and we haven't grown up, but you have come to the age of responsibility
where, with the tools we are leaving you, you must try to grow up, to grow
in God's image and likeness.
So my feeling is not that I'm withdrawing because I'm tired. My feeling is
that I would like to be another kind of parent, a fellow on the sidelines.
If there is some breach in these walls which we have erected, some unseen
flaw or defect, of course all of us oldsters are going to pitch in for the
repairs. But this business of functioning in the here and now, that is for
the new generation.
May God bless Alcoholics Anonymous forever. And I offer a prayer that the
destiny of this society will ever be safe in the hearts of its membership
and in the conscience of its trusted servants. You are the heirs. As I said
at the opening the future belongs to you.
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
++++Message 1655. . . . . . . . . . . . Grace Cultice Obituary (1948)
From: Lash, William (Bill) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/12/2004 2:15:00 PM
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
CHICAGO SECRETARY DIES SUDDENLY
From Chicago
She knew all about us and loved us anyway.
Grace Cultice, 57, was a blessed paradox-a non-alcoholic who spoke the
language of the alkies, an "outside" believer in Alcoholics Anonymous who
backed her faith with good works.
When two alcoholics got together eight years ago to form the first A.A.
group in Chicago, Grace was on hand to help. She's been helping ever since.
She gave those eight years willingly, eagerly, unselfishly. Indeed, she
literally gave her life.
Grace died in her Chicago apartment January 8 of a heart attack. She had
endured a long illness, but was thought to be recovering. Against medical
advice she had persisted in many of her duties as secretary and office
manager of the Greater Chicago group. She'd tried to slow down, but it was
next to impossible to keep her under wraps.
For two days her flower-banked casket lay in a Chicago mortuary. Thousands
came to mourn. Then the body was taken to her native Xenia, Ohio, for burial
by relatives.
Miss Cultice was a familiar figure in Chicago advertising circles when she
became interested in A.A. through friendship with the local group founders.
Often she acted as hostess at early meetings of three, four or a half dozen
members. She grew up with the Chicago group. Along the route to its present
5,000-plus membership, the need became pressing for a full-time secretary.
Grace took the job, ignoring the financial sacrifice.
Because she knew how alkies talk and think and act, she shepherded hundreds
into the ways of recovery. She was a genial "greeter" for A.A.s visiting
Chicago. On her last Christmas, cards came from A.A.s the world over.
Alcoholics have an inherent distaste for mawkishness. But none feels shame
for his tears for Grace, nor for his devastating sense of personal
loss.-E.B.
February 1948 AA Grapevine
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
++++Message 1656. . . . . . . . . . . . Dr. Bob "In Memoriam" (1952)
From: Lash, William (Bill) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/15/2004 2:22:00 PM
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
November 1952 AA Grapevine
IN MEMORIAM
And In Thanks
Two years ago, on November 16th, 1950, R. H. S., died in Akron, Ohio. It was
Thursday, close to noontime, one week before what would have been his 71st
Thanksgiving Day.
It was fifteen years and five months after his own last drink...and it was
fifteen years and five months in which he had personally ministered as
friend and teacher and physician to 5,000 alcoholics.
To each of them he was simply "Doctor Bob." And to history he will be
"Co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous." And to Bill he is "The Prince of
Twelfth Steppers"...and "The Rock Upon Which AA Is Founded"...and simply
"Smitty."
He met death serenely, for he had to the fullest given himself to life. He
left the rich gifts of simplicity and love and service.
We who have followed him in The Way Out give him thanks anew for the message
he so tirelessly carried. And we think this man who learned true humility
would most like the memorial that is still to come...those thousands now
sick and despairing who will yet find our way out of dilemma into
recovery…strengthened by the invisible hand of Doctor Bob...
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
++++Message 1657. . . . . . . . . . . . Dr. Bob Announcement Of His Passing
(1950)
From: Lash, William (Bill) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/15/2004 2:22:00 PM
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
December 1950 AA Grapevine
Dr. Bob
The tragic news of Dr. Bob's death came after this issue of the Grapevine
had gone to press. No hastily written words can possibly describe the
feelings of the thousands of AAs who knew him personally. And only the
loving God who has been so merciful to us all can truly measure the
greatness of his contribution not only to AA but to all mankind. We shall
make here no mere listing of his devotions to AA. How in-adequate for a man
who is a co-founder of something that has meant so much to so many. But even
'Co-Founder' does not serve. For Dr. Bob was the rock on which AA is
founded. None who saw and heard him last summer at Cleveland will ever
forget his characteristic statement -- the last he made in public -- " --
love and service are the cornerstones of Alcoholics Anonymous!"
In loving tribute, the January issue of the Grapevine will be dedicated as a
Memorial to our beloved Dr. Bob.
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
++++Message 1659. . . . . . . . . . . . Dr. Bob Quote
From: Lash, William (Bill) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/16/2004 5:23:00 PM
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
I have always heard this quote as being attributed to Dr. Bob:
"Carry the message. And if you must, use words."
Can anyone tell me where this Dr. Bob quote can be found? Thanks!
I found this other quote on a website attributed to St. Francis:
"Preach always. When necessary use words". We recognize the importance of
paying
attention to the substance of our message, but that is not enough. The
manner in which
we make that message known is as important as the message itself.
Just Love,
Barefoot Bill
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
++++Message 1660. . . . . . . . . . . . Back to Basics - Compilation of
excerpts from Previous Posts
From: NMOlson@aol.com . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/17/2004 7:16:00 AM
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
Friends,
The AA History Lovers list is getting so long that it is difficult if not
impossible to search the entire list. For example, when a question was asked
recently about Back to Basics I had forgotten that the subject was already
thoroughly covered on the list.
In an effort to clean up the list I am starting to combine posts on the same
subject. The post numbers will stay but the message will be deleted after
being combined in one message.
I am starting with Back to Basics. Some feel that this is not an appropriate
topic for the list, but I still think it is of interest to AA historians.
In order to avoid repetition the following are excerpts from the posts re
Back to Basics, usually not the entire message. I cannot verify the accuracy
of all the posts.
Nancy
On September 29, 2002, Katherine E wrote:
I was wondering if anyone had any information on the the development of the
movement Back to Basic and their connection to AA History. I was recently at
a conference where I met some Back to Basic advocates who where making some
questionable statements about how things were done in the early days. I was
wondering how valid this back to Basic movement is in regards to actual AA
program and it's history.
Ernest Kurtz responded:
From what I have seen and heard in well over two decades of study, the
so-called "Back to Basics" movement is an attempt to re-create the Oxford
Group as it existed in the mid-1930s. AA as we know it grew out of that,
partially by rejecting aspects of those teachings. Some, from
Henrietta Seiberling and James Houck on, have effectively tried to deny that
separation and to bring "A.A." back under those auspices.
The "Back to Basics" movement has many strengths and apparently helps many
people. But its relationship to Alcoholics Anonymous is similar to the
relationship of Judaism to Christianity.
Mary in Michigan wrote:
Here in Michigan we are using a book Call Back to Basic, by Wally P. This
Book has information about the development of the movement. In Michigan
Meetings are starting to use the back to basic back as a class for taking
the 12 steps. ... Here is a web site to check it
http://www.aabacktobasics.com/index.html
Jim McG wrote:
That we use the AA Big Book to teach the steps, makes the claim that we are
attempting to re-create the Oxford Group movement seem odd. We DO feature an
Oxford Group staple, a pamphlet called "How to Listen to God" in our
practicing the 11th step. This we use as a guide to practice "quiet time and
guidance." ,,, We also feature a simplfied "assets/liability" 4th step
inventory that is described on the page next to the resentments/fears/sex
thing in the Big Book.
Cliff B. in Texas wrote:
One of the things I have appreciated and enjoyed about this Group has been
the lack of controversy. But in the past few weeks, we have seen it begin
and this topic is one that really has no place in this Group.
Any student of the Big Book readily recognizes that there is a lot of stuff
that has been written in the "Back to Basics" manual that is not Alcoholics
Anonymous. With 63 years of time tested, experience proven success, no one
has approached the success that is realized when an alcoholic PRECISELY
follows the clear-cut directions that are outlined in the Basic Text for
Alcoholics Anonymous which are obviously divinely inspired. ... I have been
around long enough to see our Fellowship slip from: "Rarely have we seen a
person fail....." to seldom do we see a person recover. Let's get back to
the real Basics; the Basic Text for Alcoholics Anonymous which is titled,
"ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS."
______
When questions appeared again recently I combined some of the responses as
follows:
From: goldentextpro@aol.com [6]
NO! "Back to Basics" is not the original AA program, and it had nothing to
do with Akron. And I have to be emphatic about this.
First, read Dr. Bob and the Good Oldtimers, on the Frank Amos report of AA
in 1938, pp. 130-136. You will find a good description of the real first
program as employed by Dr. Bob Smith. There were no Steps. There was no
classroom. There was the Bible, a morning Quiet Time, religious devotionals,
prayer, no drunkalogs, church affiliation, and frequent hospital visits to
new prospects.
The "Back to Basics" approach, kicked up by Wally P., is an off-shoot of
what Clarence Snyder was doing in Cleveland post-1939. Clarence said that
his only two source books were the Big Book and the Good Book. Following the
Cleveland Plain Dealer's outstanding articles on AA, membership exploded in
Cleveland, and to keep up with it, and so that the program wouldn't get
garbled, Clarence decided to start group classroom-type education classes.
He would take the folks through the first nine steps. The last three, of
course, was the daily program. Prayer, Quiet Time, a daily inventory
utilizing the Four Absolutes (honesty, purity, unselfishness, and love) as
yardsticks, and helping others.
From: "Robert Stonebraker" [7]
A view of how Dr. Bob sponsored Earl Treat through Six-Step process, as it
was at that time (1937), can be found on page 292 of the Third Edition (263,
Fourth Edition) of the Big Book. ...
I have in possession a rather thick binder from an existing Akron Group
called: "Back To the 40's." The cover of which states: "Taking the 12 Steps
in 5 one hour classes." Briefly, the meeting is chaired by a reader and a
commentator as they "teach" the Twelve Step process in five classes by going
through the Big Book. The person who gave me this is very involved in Akron
AA history.
From: "Arthur" [8]
BtB advocates that so-called original' AA (as practiced in Akron) had a
remarkably high recovery rate no longer achieved today. They further claim
that 90-180 days of their meetings "takes us back to the 'original' program
that produced a 50-75% recovery rate." Somehow, someway, someone has
concluded that BtB is getting a 50-75% recovery rate and the rest of AA has
only a 5-10% recovery rate, depending on which study you read. According to
BtB, contemporary AA is supposed to be errant due to its lack of orthodoxy
relative to 'original' Oxford Group methodology and principles. Please don't
take my word on it. Visit their web site and draw your own conclusion based
on its content. ...
A possible source of BtB's assertion of an "early AA 75% recovery rate" may
derive from Dr Harry Tiebout's paper "Therapeutic Mechanism of Alcoholics
Anonymous." It was originally published in 1944 and later reprinted [in
1957] in "AA Comes of Age." On pg 310, it states "Alcoholics Anonymous
claims a recovery rate of 75 percent of those who really try their methods."
I'd suggest that the key words are "really try" not "75 percent." ... Later
in commenting about Bill W's spiritual experience (Bill is called Mr. "X")
Tiebout states "According to Alcoholics Anonymous experience the speed with
which the spiritual awakening takes place is no criterion of either depth or
permanence of cure. The religious leavening, however little at first, starts
the process; the program helps to bring it to a successful conclusion." The
1944 paper, I presume, would serve as a reputable description of AA's
program of Recovery in its "early days." Tiebout goes on to list a series of
numbers for the initial 7 years of AA: 5 recovered at the end of the 1st
year [1935];15 recovered at the end of the 2nd year [1936]; 40 recovered at
the end of the 3rd year [1937];100 recovered at the end of the 4th year
[1938]; 400 recovered at the end of the 5th year [1939]; 2000 recovered at
the end of the 6th year [1940]; 8000 recovered at the end of the 7th year
[1941]. Jack Alexander's article in Sat. Eve. Post. It should be fairly
obvious that the figures cited as "recovered" are membership estimates.
While certain locales may have made claims of this or that success rate,
there is no way anyone can verify those claims with reasonable confidence.
The data to do so just doesn't exist. What appears to get used most in these
scenarios are statements of articles of faith based on anecdotal assertion
and sincerity. From a membership of 5 in 1935 to an international membership
in excess of 2,100,000 today, perceived issues in success rates seem far
more premised on imagination than information.
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
++++Message 1661. . . . . . . . . . . . Letter from Ruth Hock to Bill Wilson
dated November 10, 1955
From: NMOlson@aol.com . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/17/2004 10:47:00 AM
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
A photocopy of this letter was give to me by Rich B. in Minneapolis during
the 2000 international convention. Across the top in Bill's handwriting it
says "Ruth Hocks recollections."
I originally posted it in several parts hoping to keep it as close to the
original as possible. To clean up the list I am posting it here as one
document. I have made no effort to correct punctuation or grammatical
errors, so you language purists will just have to exercise tolerance.
Nancy
Nov. 10, 1955
Dear Bill:
As I wrote to you last week it is difficult for me to get a long period of
uninterrupted time together to put down my recollections of those old A.A.
days - but I have about two hours - so here goes.
Let me say first that I do not guarantee the accuracy of any dates I may use
until I have the opportunity to check one thing against the other which I am
willing to do if it ever proves necessary - neither do I insist that my
memory is absolutely accurate - it will be easier if I can just sort of
meander along for present purposes.
As I remember it you had been sober just a little over a year when I first
met you. I think I went to work for Honor Dealers in about January of 1936.
The job I applied for was as Secretary to sort of a distributorship for a
group of service stations - naturally I had no idea what a surprise fate had
in store for me and what a change it would make in my personal life, in my
relations to and my opinions of my fellow man.
I walked into the Honor Dealers office in Newark, N.J. on Williams Street
one Monday morning - was interviewed by Hank - and started to work
immediately that morning. My immediate impression of Hank was that he had a
vibrant personality - that he was capable of strong likes and dislikes -
that he seemed to be possessed of inexhaustible energy - and that he liked
to make
quick decisions.
You arrived shortly thereafter Bill bringing with you an aura of quiet warm
friendliness - of slow deliberate decisions - and at least I thought at the
time, not much interest really in the Service Station business.
By the end of that very first day I was a very confused female for, if I
remember correctly, that first afternoon you had a visitor in your office
and I think it was Paul Kellogg. Anyway, the connecting door was left wide
open and instead of business phrases what I heard was fragments of a
discussion about drunken misery, a miserable wife, and what I thought was a
very queer conclusion indeed - that being a drunk was a disease. I remember
distinctly
feeling that you were all rather hard hearted because at some points there
was roaring laughter about various drunken incidents. Fortunately I liked
you both immediately - I am not too easily frightened - and you were paying
$3.00 more per week than I had been getting - so I was willing to give it a
try.
You will remember with me, I know, that in those days and for several years
to come, we talked about "drunks" and not "alcoholics" and therefore I use
those terms here.
The activity of Honor Dealers, as I remember it, was never of paramount
importance it seemed to me after I began to know most of you original men,
that it was only a means to an end - that end being to help a bunch of
nameless drunks. Having come from a thrifty German family I know what I
thought if you two would spend as much energy and thought and enthusiasm on
Honor Dealers as you did on drunks you might get somewhere. That would be
hard to prove either way and actually I've never known whether the original
premise of Honor Dealers was sound.
Anyway I soon stopped caring whether Honor Dealers was successful or not and
became more and more interested in each new face that came along with the
alcoholic problem and caring very much whether they made the grade or not.
All of you made me feel as though I were a very worthwhile person in my own
right and very important to you which in turn made me want
to always give my best to all of you. To me that is part of the secret of
the success of A.A. - the generous giving of oneself to the needs of the
other.
Well - the activities of Honor Dealers slowly but surely declined and there
was more and more correspondence with drunks and more of them showing up in
the office. In those days it was part of the procedure, if the prospect was
willing to go along, to kneel and pray together - all of you who happened to
be there. To me, drunkenness and prayer were both very private activities
and I sure did consider all of you a very revolutionary lot - but such
likable and interesting revolutionaries!
Hank put a good bit of thought and effort into Honor Dealers but whether his
ideas had real merit or whether there was not enough prolonged effort or
whether it was just a poor time for that kind of an idea I was not capable
of judging then nor am I now. I only know that within about a year finances
were precarious enough to move us into a tiny office in the same building
and even then I was front man to explain to the superintendent why the rent
wasn't paid on time and the telephone bill, etc. Payday was an indefinite
affair indeed.
I am somewhat confused about the timing of the move into the small Newark
office because now that I think about it I remember that the book work was
done in the large office.
Anyway, early in my association with you, Bill, you began to dictate letters
to Doc Smith. You never liked to dictate to a shorthand note book - you
always dictated directly as I typed. In the amazing way these things often
happen, since word of what you fellows were doing in New York and by that
time Doc Smith in Akron was simply spread vocally from mouth to mouth,
inquiries began to float in from amazing distances and some of these you
asked me to answer in my own fashion. That is, to refer them to the closest
"educated drunk." "Educated" of course in the sense that they knew something
of this new possibility of an answer to alcoholism.
Somewhere during those first months I also first met Doc Smith who gave
everyone a feeling of great serenity - peace with himself and God - and an
abounding wish to share what he had found with others. Somewhere along in
there John Henry Fitzhugh Mayo also appeared (Offhand I have no idea of the
dates) with his warm sense of humor and the all abiding wish to give to
other
drunks what he too had found. This you all had in common to an exciting and
unbelievable degree.
During that first year at least I don't think I ever attended a meeting, but
through your dictation, Bill, through all I heard at the office and through
the letters I was answering myself in your behalf I began to absorb an
understanding of what it was all about and what you were trying to do and I
became aware that the possibilities of writing a book were being discussed.
Many of you thought it was an absolute necessity because even then the
original idea was often distorted in the hundreds of word of mouth
discussions. Its original basic simplicity was often completely confused
beyond comprehension and besides it was becoming more and more impossible to
fully expound the idea satisfactorily in letter after letter to various
inquirers. Also, especially to the advertising type of man, the spread of
the idea was going much too slowly and would become a sensation overnight if
only put out in book form!!
So far as I know there was never any doubt that you were the one to write
it, Bill, and I know that you spent endless hours discussing its general
form with everyone who would listen or offer an idea - especially with Doc
Smith, Fitz and Hank. As soon as you began to feel you had at least a
majority agreement you began to arrive at the office with those yellow
scratch pads sheets I came to know so well. All you generally had on those
yellow sheets were a few notes to guide you on a whole chapter! My
understanding was that those notes were the result of long thought on your
part after hours of discussion pro and con with everyone who might be
interested. That is the way I remember first seeing an outline of the twelve
steps.
As I look at it today the basic idea of each chapter of the book and the
twelve steps is still essentially today what you scribbled on the original
yellow sheets. Of course there were thousands of small changes and rewrites
- constant cutting or adding or editing but there are only two major changes
made that I remember, both fought out in the office when you and Hank and
Fitz and I were present.
The first had to do with how much God was going to be included in the book
itself and the 12 steps. Fitz was for going all the way with God, you were
in the middle, Hank was for very little and I - trying to reflect the
reaction of the non-alcoholic was for very little too. The result of this
was the phrase "God as you understand Him," which I don't think ever had
much of a negative reaction anywhere. We were unanimous that day and you got
a greenlight everywhere you showed that typewritten copy including Doc Smith
and the Akron contingent where a copy of everything was sent for O.K. or
criticism.
The only other major change I remember during the actual writing of the book
was that originally it was directly written to the prospective alcoholic,
that is -- "You were wrong" -- "You must" -- "You should" and after a big
hassle, this was changed to read -- "We were wrong" -- "We must" -- "We
should" -- etc." This was quite a job because by the time this major
revision was decided on most of the book had been finished in its first
draft at least and each chapter as well as the 12 steps had been slanted
toward
"you" instead of "We" to begin with.
At this time I had still attended very few meetings but I know that the
office confabs and final decisions were only made after the aforementioned
hours of discussion with all who cared to take part in them with you so that
the majority opinion of all who attended meetings at that time was reflected
in the final decisions.
During all this time, of course, there was plenty of discussion about a name
for the book and there were probably hundreds of suggestions. However, I
remember very few --"One Hundred Men" - "The Empty Glass" - "The Dry Way" -
"The Dry Life" - "Dry Frontiers" - "The Way Out" - This last was by far the
most popular. Alcoholics Anonymous had been suggested and was used a lot
among ourselves as a very amusing description of the group itself but I
don't believe it was seriously considered as a name for the book. More later
on this.
By the time the book was mimeographed mostly for distribution in an effort
to raise money to carry on and get the book published. There was constant
discussion about detail changes with seemingly little hope for unanimous
agreement so it was finally decided to offer the book to Tom Uzzell for
final editing. It had been agreed, for one thing, that the book, as written,
was too long but nobody could agree on where and how to cut it. At that
point it was still nameless because Fitz had reported that the selected name
of "The Way Out" was over patented. I remember that during an appointment
with Tom Uzzell, we discussed the various name possibilities and he
[handwritten insert: Tom Uzzell] immediately - very firmly and very
enthusiastically - stated that "Alcoholics Anonymous" was a dead wringer
both from the sales point of view because it was "catchy" and because it
really did describe the group to perfection. The more this name was studied
from this point of view the more everybody agreed and so it was decided.
Uzzell cut the book by at least a third as I remember it and in my opinion
did a wonderful job on sharpening up the context without losing anything at
all of what you were trying to say, Bill, and the way you said it. I really
cannot remember who originally thought up the name "Alcoholics Anonymous".
[Handwritten insert which appears to read "Joe Worden" and a reference to a
handwritten footnote which appears to read "Joe Worden ... an AA member who
just couldn't stay sober." It does not look like Bill's handwriting.]
The financing of the book is quite difficult for me to remember, that is,
what happened when. Originally, of course, the work was done on Honor Dealer
time. In other words what salaries were paid came from Honor Dealer
transactions, and the paper, the pencils, the office, the typewriter, the
phone, etc. belonged to Honor Dealers. Let me make it clear that the members
of Honor Dealers were never cheated in any way they were always promptly
served - it's only that what might have been a worthwhile idea for a group
of service stations just didn't pan out.
When the income from Honor Dealers finally dwindled away completely -
finances were a real problem. At this point there was universal agreement
(except in Cleveland) that the book was a necessity and that what you had
done on it up to that time was extremely satisfactory both in concept and
execution. So the only problem was how to get enough money to finish it and
get it published. You went to one of the large book publishers about an
advance - and as I remember it you were offered One Thousand Dollars with a
rather minute royalty on each book published. Hank, (I think) then came up
with the idea of selling stock to finance the writing of the book and to
publish it. Thus - Works Publishing Co. was born - and the book stock idea
set up and forms printed. There was great optimism about the ease with which
this stock could be sold by you and Hank and Wally von Arx who was active in
this phase of the situation. That dream was not to be fulfilled because for
the most part selling a share of Works Publishing Co. stock for $25.00 was
like pulling teeth. Enough stock was sold in the original enthusiastic
reaction of a few to keep us going on an extremely minimum basis for a while
and then sales came to a complete halt and there we were back where we
started.
The paradox of this is the fact that if enough stock had been sold and the
book carried through to a conclusion on this basis, the stockholders would
have had a fine return indeed for their original investment. However all
things happen for the best and this kind of private profit would probably
have been a perpetual thorn in the A.A. side.
You then decided to approach Mr. Rockefeller and were able to do so through
various contacts you had built up through the years. This resulted in the
Rockefeller dinner which in turn resulted in a minimum pledge which finally
resulted in the book being carried to a conclusion and finally published by
the Cornwall Press.
Unfortunately I am not very good at getting across the spirit of fun, the
real enjoyment of life, the cheerful acceptance of temporary defeat, the
will to keep trying, the eternal effort to keep everybody satisfied, which
made these years so very worth while and so soul satisfying. In this
paragraph I am describing particularly my own reactions, but I know that you
will agree and so would everyone else who had any share in it. Even the
altercations and disagreements of which there were many were carried on with
a basic will to reach a compromise at least - therefore a compromise was
always possible and always reached amicably.
Naturally, when the book was finally rolling off the press the feeling was
that our troubles were over which turned out to be far from the case. It was
agreed that the book needed to be advertised and a date was finagled for a
member of A.A. on "We The People". Morgan Ryan agreed to appear anonymously
and did a good job with his three minutes while we all listened
breathlessly on the radio. As I remember it his talk was slanted at Doctors
and to back him up we had mailed out thousands of postal cards to a selected
list of Doctors to reach them in time to get them to listen to the broadcast
and to tell them how to get a copy of the book. We had an assembly line all
ready to pack and mail the books when the orders came rolling in - and then
we waited. I don't think more than four cards were returned at all and the
only one that made an impression on me was the first one that came in - an
order for six books - C.O.D. There was great jubilation that morning -
naturally we though we were in. We simmered down to as close to gloom as I
ever remember we got in the next few days over the few replies and were
really practically squashed flat when the package of six books was returned
marked "no such address". I'm afraid none of us appreciated for a while the
humor of whoever that joker was.
By this time we were at the Vesey Street office and that address was a
compromise too. Since I lived in New Jersey I didn't want to work in New
York at all - on the other hand you had always wanted to have the office
near Grand Central Station - so we settled on Vesey St. For quite a while,
about a year at least, there were just the two of us handling
correspondence, packing books, and whatever there was to be done and all the
while the
financial struggle to keep the thing going at all continued. The Liberty
magazine article was published and for the first time we began to find a
stirred up interest in the form of [letters]. Each letter was answered
individually and although the book was mentioned we tried to get across the
fact that it was not necessary to purchase the book and in each case the
individual was referred to whatever group or individual A.A. closest to him
Share with your friends: |