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Factors that affect Ethical Behaviour
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- Individual characteristics
- Issue intensity
| Factors that affect Ethical Behaviour ab Stage of moral development (Kohlberg) – Stage one – pre-conventional, rule following. Stage two – Conventional, living up to expectations of others. Stage three – Principled, following self-chosen path and respecting others. b) Individual characteristics – values, knowing right from wrong. Ego strength, the power of your convictions. Locus of control, an internal locus of control means that you believe you control your own destiny, an external locus of control means you believe you have no control. c) Structural factors – an organisation’s structure affects people’s ethical behaviour (e.g. clear ethical statements, policies and regulations. db Organisational culture – this is made up of the values and norms shared by people working for an organisation. A strong culture will exert more influence than a weak one. e) Issue intensity – this refers to how important an issue is. Something not so important (e.g. making private local calls) has different ethical implications to something very large (e.g. embezzling $1 million. The act is the same (theft) but the intensity of the issue is different. 2.12 Evolution of Schools of Management Thoughts The evolution of management thought dates back to the days when people first attempted to accomplish goals by working together in groups. Although modern operational management theory commences from early twentieth century, there was serious thinking and theorizing about management many years before this period. In this chapter, a roughly chronological perspective of grouped management ideas is 76 discussed in the following order pre-scientific management, scientific management, and Fayol’s administrative management, Weber’s theory of bureaucracy, the human relations theory, the system theory, and the contingency theory. As can readily be appreciated, management thought focused at different times on the problematic issues that were perceived to constrain the achievement of work goals, productivity and efficiency. In the last one hundred years and especially since the onset of mass production and large-scale organizations, many ideas have emerged from different corners of the world and from people of different backgrounds. Naturally, the ideas of each contributor to management thought reflect the assumptions, knowledge and experience of the individuals or groups. Management theory attempts to classify and synthesize these ideas into a coherent perspective (Inegbenebor, 2005). Download 3.37 Mb. Share with your friends:
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