Administered items Effectiveness—Adequacy
Table 24: Client satisfaction with amenity and location of their dwelling
|
NSW
|
VIC
|
QLD
|
WA
|
SA
|
TAS
|
ACT
|
NT
|
Amenity
|
75.4
|
78.8
|
75.6
|
79.4
|
79.9
|
78.8
|
78.8
|
75.4
|
Location
|
85.1
|
86.6
|
85.7
|
84.1
|
86.4
|
83.3
|
88.0
|
85.8
|
Source: National Social Housing Survey Public Housing, NFO Donovan Research, 2001.
Table 25: Percentage of households where dwelling size is not appropriate due to overcrowding
NSW
|
VIC
|
QLD
|
WA
|
SA
|
TAS
|
ACT
|
NT
|
1.4
|
1.1
|
1.3
|
0.1
|
0.5
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
1.9
|
Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW).
Effectiveness—Affordability
Table 26: Average rent charged as a proportion of the market rent for each dwelling (adjusted for Rent Assistance)
NSW
|
VIC
|
QLD
|
WA
|
SA
|
TAS
|
ACT
|
NT
|
56.5
|
70.3
|
84.1
|
76.9
|
83.2
|
87.0
|
70.2
|
76.2
|
Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.
Notes: States and territories used different methods for calculating market rent and the natures of the private rental markets differ.
Rent charged to tenants was compared to the market rent the dwellings would attract if rented privately, after reducing market rent by the amount of Rent Assistance households would receive if renting privately.
Effectiveness—Targeting
Table 27: New low-income households as a percentage of all new households
NSW
|
VIC
|
QLD
|
WA
|
SA
|
TAS
|
ACT
|
NT
|
99.2
|
99.9
|
99.6
|
94.6
|
99.2
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
97.0
|
Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.
This indicator shows the percentage of new households allocated public housing where household income was below the effective cut-out for receiving income support payments (at the pensioner rate).
Table 28: Percentage of new tenancies allocated to households with special needs
NSW
|
VIC
|
QLD
|
WA
|
SA
|
TAS
|
ACT
|
NT
|
50.9
|
35.3
|
36.2
|
36.2
|
73.5
|
48.1
|
31.4
|
52.0
|
Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.
Note: Special need households have one or more of the following characteristics: Indigenous; have a member with a disability; the principal tenant is either aged 24 years or under, or 75 years or more.
Quality—Access and choice
Table 29: New allocations to those in greatest need as a percentage of all new allocations
NSW
|
VIC
|
QLD
|
WA
|
SA
|
TAS
|
ACT
|
NT
|
31.4
|
62.3
|
4.9
|
19.1
|
41.9
|
80.5
|
84.5
|
14.3
|
Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.
Note: Greatest need means that a household was, at the time of allocation, in one or more of the following circumstances: they were homeless; their life or safety was at risk in their accommodation; their health condition was aggravated by their housing; their housing was inappropriate to their needs; or they had extremely high rental costs. Queensland data understate greatest need as data are not always recorded in information management systems.
Quality—Assurance
Table 30: The average time taken (in days) for occupancy of vacant stock
NSW | VIC | QLD | WA | SA | TAS | ACT | NT |
30
|
32
|
29
|
44
|
43
|
36
|
41
|
48
|
Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.
Note: The data are affected by differing treatment of stock vacant due to redevelopment.
Quality—Client satisfaction
Table 31: Client satisfaction with service (%)
NSW
|
VIC
|
QLD
|
WA
|
SA
|
TAS
|
ACT
|
NT
|
66
|
65
|
76
|
7°
|
76
|
7°
|
62
|
69
|
Source: National Social Housing Survey Public Housing, NFO Donovan Research, 2001.
Quantity
Table 32: Number of dwellings
NSW
|
VIC
|
QLD
|
WA
|
SA
|
TAS
|
ACT
|
NT
|
127 754
|
64 656
|
50 157
|
32 551
|
49 134
|
12 656
|
11 154
|
6062
|
Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.
Commentary
FaCS is finalising an evaluation of the operation of the 1999 CSHA in conjunction with state and territory housing authorities.
Commonwealth State Housing Agreement—Aboriginal Rental Housing Program (ARHP) Effectiveness—Capacity Efficient and sustainable Indigenous community housing organisations
In line with the directions of the Housing Ministers’ statement on Indigenous housing Building a better future: Indigenous housing to 2010, Indigenous community housing organisations are continuing to build their skills base to become efficient and sustainable. Evidence of improved efficiency of the sector can be shown by the reduction in the number of Indigenous community housing organisations from 770 to approximately 660.
Indigenous community housing organisations have effective housing management plans
The majority of Indigenous community housing organisations have developed management plans.
Effectiveness—Take-up/Coverage Increase in Indigenous community housing rental income
An increase of approximately $800 000 during 2001-02.
Effectiveness—Targeting Capital to recurrent funding ratio for Indigenous housing is about 70:30
Some state and territory annual performance reports indicated significant plans to achieve a capital to recurrent funding ratio of 70:30, but detailed information will not be available until next year.
Quality—Assurance Health hardware in Indigenous housing is fully functional and enables healthy living practices
This information is not available at time of publication. Fixing Houses For Better Health projects are not yet completed in all jurisdictions and state and territory administrative data will not be reported until next year.
All states and territories have Indigenous housing agreements signed by 30 June 2002
Six states and territories had Indigenous housing agreements signed by 30 June 2002. Victoria and Tasmania still had outstanding agreements at this date.
Indigenous community housing organisations have managers with accredited housing management training
Current administrative data reports indicate approximately 650 Indigenous community housing organisation staff are undertaking housing management training. A majority of the training is occurring in New South Wales and Queensland.
Reduction in the number of Indigenous households with two or three families and reduction in average housing occupancy rates
There has been a decrease of approximately 1 per cent in the proportion of households where dwelling size is not appropriate due to overcrowding during 2001-02.
New houses for Indigenous people are designed and built to minimise the impact of crowding on people’s health
All newly constructed houses must now meet the requirements of the National framework for the design, construction and maintenance of Indigenous housing using the National Indigenous Housing Guide and/or state and territory Indigenous housing standards. The National Indigenous Housing Guide is being reviewed for re-publication and will be reported against in the 2004-05 FaCS annual report.
Reduction in the number of Indigenous families in rural and remote areas living in improvised dwellings
Information was not available at time of publication. Comparisons with previous years data cannot be made because of a change in the definition of ‘improvised dwellings’. This information will be available as part of the next Community Infrastructure Needs Survey.
Total price
$1 027.8 million
Commentary
In the 2001-02 Budget, new housing funds included an extra $29 million for ARHP from 2002–03 to 2004-05 ($9 million in 2002–03 and $10 million each in 2003-04 and 2004-05).
The states receiving the extra funding are the Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia and South Australia.
At time of publication of this annual report, only figures for the financial period 2001-02 were available.
Family Homelessness Prevention and Early Intervention Pilot Effectiveness—Early Intervention
Percentage of clients with positive outcomes as defined under the program—78 per cent
Percentage where financial circumstances are assessed—100 per cent
Percentage where reattachment with education, training or employment is achieved
32 per cent of adults at the end of the support period
96 per cent of school-aged children attending school at the end of the support period.
Percentage where re-attachment with community or family support network is improved
57 per cent
Percentage where living situation has stabilized—90 per cent
Quantity
Number of people assisted—approximately 900
Number of children and their parents/guardians assisted
225 families
approximately 550 children
approximately 350 parents/guardians.
Price
$1.4 million
Commentary
During the first year of the pilot a high proportion of families report improved outcomes. Families’ expectations about their housing stability has improved. The number of families with an expected housing duration of less than three months decreased from 31 per cent to 11 per cent and those expecting a housing duration of more than 12 months increased from 37 per cent to 56 per cent.
Data indicate a high level of Indigenous participation in the pilot (36 per cent of clients).
Formal evaluation will be undertaken during 2003-04.
National Housing Priorities Quality—Assurance Information received from organisations useful in housing policy development
The Community Housing Federation of Australia provides information and advice on behalf of community housing service providers.
The National Community Housing Forum provides information and advice on behalf of all community housing stakeholders.
Both organisations have effectively maintained their membership base.
Organisations’ representative structures provide effective mechanism for members views to be reflected in reports to FaCS
The representative structures of both organisations provide effective mechanisms for members’ views to be provided to FaCS.
Price
$0.4 million
National Housing Research Quality—Assurance Funded organisation meets the requirements of the funding agreement and associated documents
The Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute (AHURI) is the major vehicle for housing research and has met the requirements of the current funding agreement.
Price
$0.4 million
Commentary
Sixteen AHURI research projects were approved in 2002–03. The projects will be completed over the next two years and reflect AHURI’s ten key themes: housing assistance programs; housing futures; program integration and housing assistance; innovation in the provision of housing; urban management and infrastructure; transforming communities; Indigenous housing; homelessness and marginal housing; the housing system; and the policy horizon.
The individual projects will be augmented by Collaborative Research Ventures (CRV), which will be up to three years in duration and cover broad research areas. The first CRV is ‘Housing assistance and non- shelter outcomes’.
Rent Assistance Effectiveness—Affordability
Impact of Rent Assistance on housing affordability-percentage of persons/couples paying more than 50 per cent of their combined income on rent after Rent Assistance taken into account
As at December 2002, if Rent Assistance were not payable, 27 per cent of recipients would have had to pay more than 50 per cent of their income in rent. When Rent Assistance is taken into account this drops to 9 per cent.
Table 33: Ratio of housing costs to income, before and after Rent Assistance
|
If Rent Assistance not available
|
With Rent Assistance available
|
Paying more than 50 per cent of income in rent
|
Dec 2002
|
27%
|
Dec 2002
|
9%
|
|
June 2002
|
28%
|
June 2002
|
9%
|
|
June 2001
|
27%
|
June 2001
|
9%
|
|
June 2000
|
33%
|
June 2000
|
11%
|
|
June 1999
|
33%
|
June 1999
|
12%
|
Impact of Rent Assistance on housing affordability-percentage of persons/couples paying more than 30 per cent of their combined income on rent after Rent Assistance taken into account
As at December 2002, if Rent Assistance were not payable, 69 per cent of recipients would have had to pay more than 30 per cent of their income in rent. When Rent Assistance is taken into account this drops to 34 per cent.
Table 34: Ratio of housing costs to income, before and after Rent Assistance
|
If Rent Assistance not available
|
With Rent Assistance available
|
Paying more than 30 per cent of income in rent
|
Dec 2002
|
69%
|
Dec 2002
|
34%
|
|
June 2002
|
70%
|
June 2002
|
35%
|
|
June 2001
|
69%
|
June 2001
|
34%
|
|
June 2000
|
75%
|
June 2000
|
42%
|
|
June 1999
|
76%
|
June 1999
|
42%
| Effectiveness—Targeting
Percentage of individuals/couples paying enough rent to receive maximum assistance
Table 35: Proportion of persons/couples paying enough rent to receive maximum assistance
|
June 97
|
June 98
|
June 99
|
June 00
|
June 01
|
June 02
|
June 03
|
All payments
|
57%
|
61%
|
63%
|
63%
|
57%
|
57%
|
59%
| Quantity
Number of persons or couples receiving Rent Assistance
For the fortnight ending 27 June 2003, 940 076 income units received Rent Assistance.
Table 36: Number of persons or couples receiving Rent Assistance (as at 13 June 2003)
Primary payment type
|
Income units receiving Rent Assistance
|
Gender of recipients (%)
|
Number
|
%
|
Female only
|
Male only
|
Both members of a couple
|
Age Pension
|
157 518
|
17
|
55
|
27
|
18
|
Disability Support Pension
|
166 163
|
18
|
40
|
52
|
8
|
Newstart Allowance
|
192 819
|
20
|
41
|
55
|
4
|
Parenting Payment Single
|
193 583
|
21
|
93
|
7
|
0
|
Parenting Payment Partnereda
|
25 347
|
3
|
92
|
7
|
1
|
Youth Allowance
|
88 653
|
9
|
59
|
40
|
1
|
Family Tax Benefita
|
79 551
|
8
|
86
|
14
|
0
|
Other payments
|
37 074
|
4
|
59
|
30
|
11
|
Total
|
940 708
|
100
|
61
|
33
|
6
|
a. Counted only if neither they nor their partner receive any other social security payments.
Of the 940 708 Rent Assistance recipients at 13 June 2003, 54 per cent are single without children; 23 per cent are single with children; 14 per cent are couples with children; and 8 per cent are couples without children.
Price
$1.848 billion
Commentary
The average rent paid by Rent Assistance customers income units with an ongoing entitlement to Rent Assistance in June 2003 was $264 a fortnight while the average amount of Rent Assistance was $75 a fortnight.
Figure 11: Rent Assistance expenditure ($2003) and client numbers
Increased expenditure over the last decade is primarily due to real increases in maximum rates of assistance during the early 1990s and from 1 July 2000.
Social Housing Subsidy Program Quantity
Number of dwellings funded—323
Price
$2.0 million
Commentary
This program demonstrated private sector financing models for housing options for rental tenants. Only two projects operated under the program: the expansion of community housing opportunities in New South Wales; and a private rental leasing scheme in the ACT. The ACT Government is reviewing its private rental leasing scheme.
Supported Accommodation Assistance Program Cost
Cost per client assigned a SAAP Service—$2800
Cost per completed support period—$1690
Cost per day of support—$39
Effectiveness—Early intervention
Percentage of SAAP clients’ identified needs which are met by the program—92.7 per cent
Effectiveness—Independence
Percentage of clients achieving independent living after support—73.5 per cent
Percentage of clients entering support with no income who exit with income—2.6 per cent
Quality—Access and choice Percentage of people seeking services who receive a Service—89 per cent Percentage of people with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander backgrounds seeking services who receive a service
The proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people among SAAP clients is used as a proxy for this indicator. The proportion is 16.7 per cent.
Percentage of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds seeking services who receive a service
The proportion of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds among SAAP clients is used as a proxy for this indicator. The proportion is 10.4 per cent.
Quality—Assurance
Commissioned research is of a high standard (timely, fulfils terms of reference, complete, methodologically sound) and contributes to policy understanding and development
Research and evaluation during 2002–03 was of a high standard. It met timelines and terms of reference and was methodologically sound.
Service improved through increased percentage of SAAP clients with a case plan
There was an agreed support plan for 61.9 per cent of support periods in 2001-02.
Quantity
Number of clients assisted annually—95 600
Number of occasions of support—177 000
Price
$167.4 million
Commentary
Performance information for SAAP refers to 2001-02. Data for 2002–03 will be available towards the end of 2003. The indicators above use a mix of client data and support period data because some SAAP clients make multiple use of SAAP services. All SAAP data are based on support periods, but it is possible to estimate the number of clients and derive demographic details. Unit costs are based on recurrent funding allocations, excluding casual and potential clients, and accompanying children.
During 2002–03, FaCS undertook research into various homelessness issues to provide information for policy-makers and service providers and to inform the national evaluation of SAAPIV. Research was also commissioned in the following areas: outcome measurement in SAAP-funded services, and identification and measurement of clients with high and complex needs. Research on the measurement of client satisfaction in SAAP was completed. The SAAP data were also used to produce two monographs: Older SAAP clients and Young people in SAAP.
Nationally, work has progressed on the implementation of the Information Management Plan, including the development of a national web site for SAAP IV.
Supported Accommodation Assistance Program—National Priorities Effectiveness—Early Intervention
Projects funded produce positive outcomes for clients and organisations involved, including prevention of homelessness or its recurrence
A number of strategies to support individuals and families to overcome barriers to stable housing have been successfully tested. They include strategies to reduce the risk of homeless people being breached by Centrelink, support disadvantaged families living in caravan parks gain access to a range of community services, and provide intensive support to assist chronically homeless men move towards employment or training readiness.
Price
$0.5 million
Commentary
Reports from a number of different demonstration projects have recently started to become available. The findings from these reports will provide an evidence base to inform policy and program development in a range of relevant areas.
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