Annual Report 2002–03 Volume I



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Administered items

Commonwealth State Housing Agreement

Effectiveness—Adequacy


Table 24: Client satisfaction with amenity and location of their dwelling




NSW

VIC

QLD

WA

SA

TAS

ACT

NT

Amenity

75.4

78.8

75.6

79.4

79.9

78.8

78.8

75.4

Location

85.1

86.6

85.7

84.1

86.4

83.3

88.0

85.8

Source: National Social Housing Survey Public Housing, NFO Donovan Research, 2001.

Table 25: Percentage of households where dwelling size is not appropriate due to overcrowding

NSW

VIC

QLD

WA

SA

TAS

ACT

NT

1.4

1.1

1.3

0.1

0.5

0.2

0.2

1.9

Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW).

Effectiveness—Affordability


Table 26: Average rent charged as a proportion of the market rent for each dwelling (adjusted for Rent Assistance)

NSW

VIC

QLD

WA

SA

TAS

ACT

NT

56.5

70.3

84.1

76.9

83.2

87.0

70.2

76.2

Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.

Notes: States and territories used different methods for calculating market rent and the natures of the private rental markets differ.

Rent charged to tenants was compared to the market rent the dwellings would attract if rented privately, after reducing market rent by the amount of Rent Assistance households would receive if renting privately.

Effectiveness—Targeting


Table 27: New low-income households as a percentage of all new households

NSW

VIC

QLD

WA

SA

TAS

ACT

NT

99.2

99.9

99.6

94.6

99.2

100.0

100.0

97.0

Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.

This indicator shows the percentage of new households allocated public housing where household income was below the effective cut-out for receiving income support payments (at the pensioner rate).



Table 28: Percentage of new tenancies allocated to households with special needs

NSW

VIC

QLD

WA

SA

TAS

ACT

NT

50.9

35.3

36.2

36.2

73.5

48.1

31.4

52.0

Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.

Note: Special need households have one or more of the following characteristics: Indigenous; have a member with a disability; the principal tenant is either aged 24 years or under, or 75 years or more.


Quality—Access and choice


Table 29: New allocations to those in greatest need as a percentage of all new allocations

NSW

VIC

QLD

WA

SA

TAS

ACT

NT

31.4

62.3

4.9

19.1

41.9

80.5

84.5

14.3

Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.

Note: Greatest need means that a household was, at the time of allocation, in one or more of the following circumstances: they were homeless; their life or safety was at risk in their accommodation; their health condition was aggravated by their housing; their housing was inappropriate to their needs; or they had extremely high rental costs. Queensland data understate greatest need as data are not always recorded in information management systems.


Quality—Assurance


Table 30: The average time taken (in days) for occupancy of vacant stock
NSW
VIC
QLD
WA
SA
TAS
ACT
NT

30

32

29

44

43

36

41

48

Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.

Note: The data are affected by differing treatment of stock vacant due to redevelopment.


Quality—Client satisfaction


Table 31: Client satisfaction with service (%)

NSW

VIC

QLD

WA

SA

TAS

ACT

NT

66

65

76



76



62

69

Source: National Social Housing Survey Public Housing, NFO Donovan Research, 2001.

Quantity


Table 32: Number of dwellings

NSW

VIC

QLD

WA

SA

TAS

ACT

NT

127 754

64 656

50 157

32 551

49 134

12 656

11 154

6062

Source: Commonwealth State Housing Agreement national data reports 2001-02, Public Rental Housing, AIHW.

Commentary


FaCS is finalising an evaluation of the operation of the 1999 CSHA in conjunction with state and territory housing authorities.

Commonwealth State Housing Agreement—Aboriginal Rental Housing Program (ARHP)

Effectiveness—Capacity

Efficient and sustainable Indigenous community housing organisations

In line with the directions of the Housing Ministers’ statement on Indigenous housing Building a better future: Indigenous housing to 2010, Indigenous community housing organisations are continuing to build their skills base to become efficient and sustainable. Evidence of improved efficiency of the sector can be shown by the reduction in the number of Indigenous community housing organisations from 770 to approximately 660.
Indigenous community housing organisations have effective housing management plans

The majority of Indigenous community housing organisations have developed management plans.

Effectiveness—Take-up/Coverage

Increase in Indigenous community housing rental income

An increase of approximately $800 000 during 2001-02.

Effectiveness—Targeting

Capital to recurrent funding ratio for Indigenous housing is about 70:30

Some state and territory annual performance reports indicated significant plans to achieve a capital to recurrent funding ratio of 70:30, but detailed information will not be available until next year.

Quality—Assurance

Health hardware in Indigenous housing is fully functional and enables healthy living practices

This information is not available at time of publication. Fixing Houses For Better Health projects are not yet completed in all jurisdictions and state and territory administrative data will not be reported until next year.
All states and territories have Indigenous housing agreements signed by 30 June 2002

Six states and territories had Indigenous housing agreements signed by 30 June 2002. Victoria and Tasmania still had outstanding agreements at this date.
Indigenous community housing organisations have managers with accredited housing management training

Current administrative data reports indicate approximately 650 Indigenous community housing organisation staff are undertaking housing management training. A majority of the training is occurring in New South Wales and Queensland.
Reduction in the number of Indigenous households with two or three families and reduction in average housing occupancy rates

There has been a decrease of approximately 1 per cent in the proportion of households where dwelling size is not appropriate due to overcrowding during 2001-02.
New houses for Indigenous people are designed and built to minimise the impact of crowding on people’s health

All newly constructed houses must now meet the requirements of the National framework for the design, construction and maintenance of Indigenous housing using the National Indigenous Housing Guide and/or state and territory Indigenous housing standards. The National Indigenous Housing Guide is being reviewed for re-publication and will be reported against in the 2004-05 FaCS annual report.
Reduction in the number of Indigenous families in rural and remote areas living in improvised dwellings

Information was not available at time of publication. Comparisons with previous years data cannot be made because of a change in the definition of ‘improvised dwellings’. This information will be available as part of the next Community Infrastructure Needs Survey.

Total price


$1 027.8 million

Commentary


In the 2001-02 Budget, new housing funds included an extra $29 million for ARHP from 2002–03 to 2004-05 ($9 million in 2002–03 and $10 million each in 2003-04 and 2004-05).

The states receiving the extra funding are the Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia and South Australia.

At time of publication of this annual report, only figures for the financial period 2001-02 were available.

Family Homelessness Prevention and Early Intervention Pilot

Effectiveness—Early Intervention


Percentage of clients with positive outcomes as defined under the program—78 per cent

Percentage where financial circumstances are assessed—100 per cent

Percentage where reattachment with education, training or employment is achieved

32 per cent of adults at the end of the support period

96 per cent of school-aged children attending school at the end of the support period.

Percentage where re-attachment with community or family support network is improved

57 per cent



Percentage where living situation has stabilized—90 per cent

Quantity


Number of people assisted—approximately 900

Number of children and their parents/guardians assisted

225 families

approximately 550 children

approximately 350 parents/guardians.


Price


$1.4 million

Commentary


During the first year of the pilot a high proportion of families report improved outcomes. Families’ expectations about their housing stability has improved. The number of families with an expected housing duration of less than three months decreased from 31 per cent to 11 per cent and those expecting a housing duration of more than 12 months increased from 37 per cent to 56 per cent.

Data indicate a high level of Indigenous participation in the pilot (36 per cent of clients).

Formal evaluation will be undertaken during 2003-04.

National Housing Priorities

Quality—Assurance

Information received from organisations useful in housing policy development

The Community Housing Federation of Australia provides information and advice on behalf of community housing service providers.

The National Community Housing Forum provides information and advice on behalf of all community housing stakeholders.


Maintenance and growth of membership base

Both organisations have effectively maintained their membership base.

Organisations’ representative structures provide effective mechanism for members views to be reflected in reports to FaCS

The representative structures of both organisations provide effective mechanisms for members’ views to be provided to FaCS.


Price


$0.4 million

National Housing Research

Quality—Assurance

Funded organisation meets the requirements of the funding agreement and associated documents

The Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute (AHURI) is the major vehicle for housing research and has met the requirements of the current funding agreement.

Price


$0.4 million

Commentary


Sixteen AHURI research projects were approved in 2002–03. The projects will be completed over the next two years and reflect AHURI’s ten key themes: housing assistance programs; housing futures; program integration and housing assistance; innovation in the provision of housing; urban management and infrastructure; transforming communities; Indigenous housing; homelessness and marginal housing; the housing system; and the policy horizon.

The individual projects will be augmented by Collaborative Research Ventures (CRV), which will be up to three years in duration and cover broad research areas. The first CRV is ‘Housing assistance and non- shelter outcomes’.


Rent Assistance

Effectiveness—Affordability


Impact of Rent Assistance on housing affordability-percentage of persons/couples paying more than 50 per cent of their combined income on rent after Rent Assistance taken into account

As at December 2002, if Rent Assistance were not payable, 27 per cent of recipients would have had to pay more than 50 per cent of their income in rent. When Rent Assistance is taken into account this drops to 9 per cent.



Table 33: Ratio of housing costs to income, before and after Rent Assistance




If Rent Assistance not available

With Rent Assistance available

Paying more than 50 per cent of income in rent

Dec 2002

27%

Dec 2002

9%




June 2002

28%

June 2002

9%




June 2001

27%

June 2001

9%




June 2000

33%

June 2000

11%




June 1999

33%

June 1999

12%

Impact of Rent Assistance on housing affordability-percentage of persons/couples paying more than 30 per cent of their combined income on rent after Rent Assistance taken into account

As at December 2002, if Rent Assistance were not payable, 69 per cent of recipients would have had to pay more than 30 per cent of their income in rent. When Rent Assistance is taken into account this drops to 34 per cent.



Table 34: Ratio of housing costs to income, before and after Rent Assistance




If Rent Assistance not available

With Rent Assistance available

Paying more than 30 per cent of income in rent

Dec 2002

69%

Dec 2002

34%




June 2002

70%

June 2002

35%




June 2001

69%

June 2001

34%




June 2000

75%

June 2000

42%




June 1999

76%

June 1999

42%

Effectiveness—Targeting


Percentage of individuals/couples paying enough rent to receive maximum assistance

Table 35: Proportion of persons/couples paying enough rent to receive maximum assistance




June 97

June 98

June 99

June 00

June 01

June 02

June 03

All payments

57%

61%

63%

63%

57%

57%

59%

Quantity


Number of persons or couples receiving Rent Assistance

For the fortnight ending 27 June 2003, 940 076 income units received Rent Assistance.



Table 36: Number of persons or couples receiving Rent Assistance (as at 13 June 2003)

Primary payment type

Income units receiving Rent Assistance

Gender of recipients (%)

Number

%

Female only

Male only

Both members of a couple

Age Pension

157 518

17

55

27

18

Disability Support Pension

166 163

18

40

52

8

Newstart Allowance

192 819

20

41

55

4

Parenting Payment Single

193 583

21

93

7

0

Parenting Payment Partnereda

25 347

3

92

7

1

Youth Allowance

88 653

9

59

40

1

Family Tax Benefita

79 551

8

86

14

0

Other payments

37 074

4

59

30

11

Total

940 708

100

61

33

6

a. Counted only if neither they nor their partner receive any other social security payments.

Of the 940 708 Rent Assistance recipients at 13 June 2003, 54 per cent are single without children; 23 per cent are single with children; 14 per cent are couples with children; and 8 per cent are couples without children.


Price


$1.848 billion

Commentary


The average rent paid by Rent Assistance customers income units with an ongoing entitlement to Rent Assistance in June 2003 was $264 a fortnight while the average amount of Rent Assistance was $75 a fortnight.

Figure 11: Rent Assistance expenditure ($2003) and client numbers

Increased expenditure over the last decade is primarily due to real increases in maximum rates of assistance during the early 1990s and from 1 July 2000.


Social Housing Subsidy Program

Quantity


Number of dwellings funded—323

Price


$2.0 million

Commentary


This program demonstrated private sector financing models for housing options for rental tenants. Only two projects operated under the program: the expansion of community housing opportunities in New South Wales; and a private rental leasing scheme in the ACT. The ACT Government is reviewing its private rental leasing scheme.

Supported Accommodation Assistance Program

Cost


Cost per client assigned a SAAP Service—$2800

Cost per completed support period—$1690

Cost per day of support—$39

Effectiveness—Early intervention


Percentage of SAAP clients’ identified needs which are met by the program—92.7 per cent

Effectiveness—Independence


Percentage of clients achieving independent living after support—73.5 per cent

Percentage of clients entering support with no income who exit with income—2.6 per cent

Quality—Access and choice

Percentage of people seeking services who receive a Service—89 per cent
Percentage of people with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander backgrounds seeking services who receive a service

The proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people among SAAP clients is used as a proxy for this indicator. The proportion is 16.7 per cent.

Percentage of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds seeking services who receive a service

The proportion of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds among SAAP clients is used as a proxy for this indicator. The proportion is 10.4 per cent.


Quality—Assurance


Commissioned research is of a high standard (timely, fulfils terms of reference, complete, methodologically sound) and contributes to policy understanding and development

Research and evaluation during 2002–03 was of a high standard. It met timelines and terms of reference and was methodologically sound.



Service improved through increased percentage of SAAP clients with a case plan

There was an agreed support plan for 61.9 per cent of support periods in 2001-02.


Quantity


Number of clients assisted annually—95 600

Number of occasions of support—177 000

Price


$167.4 million

Commentary


Performance information for SAAP refers to 2001-02. Data for 2002–03 will be available towards the end of 2003. The indicators above use a mix of client data and support period data because some SAAP clients make multiple use of SAAP services. All SAAP data are based on support periods, but it is possible to estimate the number of clients and derive demographic details. Unit costs are based on recurrent funding allocations, excluding casual and potential clients, and accompanying children.

During 2002–03, FaCS undertook research into various homelessness issues to provide information for policy-makers and service providers and to inform the national evaluation of SAAPIV. Research was also commissioned in the following areas: outcome measurement in SAAP-funded services, and identification and measurement of clients with high and complex needs. Research on the measurement of client satisfaction in SAAP was completed. The SAAP data were also used to produce two monographs: Older SAAP clients and Young people in SAAP.

Nationally, work has progressed on the implementation of the Information Management Plan, including the development of a national web site for SAAP IV.

Supported Accommodation Assistance Program—National Priorities

Effectiveness—Early Intervention


Projects funded produce positive outcomes for clients and organisations involved, including prevention of homelessness or its recurrence

A number of strategies to support individuals and families to overcome barriers to stable housing have been successfully tested. They include strategies to reduce the risk of homeless people being breached by Centrelink, support disadvantaged families living in caravan parks gain access to a range of community services, and provide intensive support to assist chronically homeless men move towards employment or training readiness.


Price


$0.5 million

Commentary


Reports from a number of different demonstration projects have recently started to become available. The findings from these reports will provide an evidence base to inform policy and program development in a range of relevant areas.


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