Rec #: 13440
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Thyroid disease is common, and evidence of an association between organochlorine exposure and thyroid disease is increasing. The authors examined the cross-sectional association between ever use of organochlorines and risk of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism among female spouses (n = 16,529) in Iowa and North Carolina enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study in 1993-1997. They also assessed risk of thyroid disease in relation to ever use of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants. Prevalence of self-reported clinically diagnosed thyroid disease was 12.5%, and prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism was 6.9% and 2.1%, respectively. There was an increased odds of hypothyroidism with ever use of organochlorine insecticides (adjusted odds ratio (OR(adj)) = 1.2 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0, 1.6) and fungicides (OR(adj) = 1.4 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.8) but no association with ever use of herbicides, fumigants, organophosphates, pyrethroids, or carbamates. Specifically, ever use of the organochlorine chlordane (OR(adj) = 1.3 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.7), the fungicides benomyl (OR(adj) = 3.1 (95% CI: 1.9, 5.1) and maneb/mancozeb (OR(adj) = 2.2 (95% CI: 1.5, 3.3), and the herbicide paraquat (OR(adj) = 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1, 2.8) was significantly associated with hypothyroidism. Maneb/mancozeb was the only pesticide associated with both hyperthyroidism (OR(adj) = 2.3 (95% CI: 1.2, 4.4) and hypothyroidism. These data support a role of organochlorines, in addition to fungicides, in the etiology of thyroid disease among female spouses enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study.
Number of Volumes: 4
ISI Document Delivery No.: 553BY ://CCC:000274340900008
259. Gonz+ílez-Curbelo, Miguel +üngel; Hern+índez-Borges, Javier; Ravelo-P+_rez, Lidia M., and Rodr+¡guez-Delgado, Miguel +üngel. Insecticides extraction from banana leaves using a modified QuEChERS method. 2011 Apr 1-; 125, (3): 1083-1090.
Rec #: 2010
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: An analytical method employing gas chromatography (GC) with nitrogenÇôphosphorus detection has been developed for the simultaneous determination of eight insecticides (seven organophosphorus pesticides: ethoprophos, diazinon, chlorpyrifos-methyl, fenitrothion, malathion, chlorpyrifos and fenamiphos, and one thiadiazine: buprofezin) in banana leaves that are currently being used to feed cattle or hogs. The extraction and preconcentration of these pesticides were carried out using a modified QuEChERS procedure and the whole method was validated in terms of repeatability, linearity, precision and accuracy. Triphenylphosphate was used as internal standard. Matrix effect evaluation was also carried out using a matrix matched calibration. The developed procedure gave satisfactory recovery (89Çô104%) and relative standard deviation values (<9.1%) for the studied pesticides in banana leaves, while limits of detection ranged between 0.002 and 0.064 mg/kg. The method was finally applied to the determination of these pesticides in 12 treated banana leaves samples collected at different banana cultivars of the Canary Islands. Residues of chlorpyrifos were found in ten of these samples. Pesticide confirmation was carried out by GC with tandem mass spectrometry detection. QuEChERS/ Insecticides/ Banana leaves/ Gas chromatography/ NitrogenÇôphosphorus detection/ Tandem mass spectrometry http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814610011866
260. Gonza!lez-Dashaz, Humberto; Prado-Prado, Francisco; Sobarzo-Sa!nchez, Eduardo; Haddad, Mohamed; Maurel Chevalley, Sacoverine; Valentin, Alexis; Quetin-Leclercq, Joa Rec #: 6360
Keywords: IN VITRO
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: There are many protein ligands and/or drugs described with very different affinity to a large number of target proteins or receptors. In this work, we selected Ligands or Drug-target pairs (DTPs/nDTPs) of drugs with high affinity/non-affinity for different targets. Quantitative StructureaActivity Relationships (QSAR) models become a very useful tool in this context to substantially reduce time and resources consuming experiments. Unfortunately most QSAR models predict activity against only one protein target and/or have not been implemented in the form of public web server freely accessible online to the scientific community. To solve this problem, we developed here a multi-target QSAR (mt-QSAR) classifier using the MARCH-INSIDE technique to calculate structural parameters of drug and target plus one Artificial Neuronal Network (ANN) to seek the model. The best ANN model found is a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) with profile MLP 20:20-15-1:1. This MLP classifies correctly 611 out of 678 DTPs (sensitivity=90.12%) and 3083 out of 3408 nDTPs (specificity=90.46%), corresponding to training accuracy=90.41%. The validation of the model was carried out by means of external predicting series. The model classifies correctly 310 out of 338 DTPs (sensitivity=91.72%) and 1527 out of 1674 nDTP (specificity=91.22%) in validation series, corresponding to total accuracy=91.30% for validation series (predictability). This model favorably compares with other ANN models developed in this work and Machine Learning classifiers published before to address the same problem in different aspects. We implemented the present model at web portal Bio-AIMS in the form of an online server called: Non-Linear MARCH-INSIDE Nested Drug-Bank Exploration & Screening Tool (NL MIND-BEST), which is located at URL: http://miaja.tic.udc.es/Bio-AIMS/NL-MIND-BEST.php. This online tool is based on PHP/HTML/Python and MARCH-INSIDE routines. Finally we illustrated two practical uses of this server with two different experiments. In experiment 1, we report by first time Quantum QSAR study, synthesis, characterization, and experimental assay of antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of oxoisoaporphine alkaloids derivatives as well as NL MIND-BEST prediction of potential target proteins. In experiment 2, we report sampling, parasite culture, sample preparation, 2-DE, MALDI-TOF, and -TOF/TOF MS, MASCOT search, MM/MD 3D structure modeling, and NL MIND-BEST prediction for different peptides a new protein of the found in the proteome of the human parasite Giardia lamblia, which is promising for anti-parasite drug-targets discovery.
Keywords: Parasites
Keywords: Neural networks
Keywords: K 03400:Human Diseases
Keywords: Giardia lamblia
Keywords: Plasmodium falciparum
Keywords: Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology
Keywords: Alkaloids
Keywords: Cytotoxicity
Keywords: Sampling
Keywords: Learning algorithms
Keywords: Antiprotozoal agents
Keywords: Python
Keywords: Drugs
Keywords: Structure-activity relationships
Keywords: Internet
Keywords: Biology English. Date revised - 2011-10-01. Last updated - 2011-12-08. DOI - OB-14625b64-b093-4af9-90decsaobj201; 14604606; 0022-5193. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parasites; Cytotoxicity; Alkaloids; Neural networks; Antiprotozoal agents; Learning algorithms; Sampling; Drugs; Structure-activity relationships; Internet; Giardia lamblia; Plasmodium falciparum; Python
261. Gonzalez-Curbelo, Ma; Hernandez-Borges, J; Borges-Miquel, T M; Rodriguez-Delgado, Ma, and Gonzalez-Curbelo, MA. Determination of Pesticides and Their Metabolites in Processed Cereal Samples. 2012 Jan; 29, (1): 104-116.
Rec #: 2920
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Fifteen pesticides including some of their metabolites (disulfoton sulfoxide, ethoprophos, cadusafos, dimethoate, terbufos, disulfoton, chlorpyrifos-methyl, malaoxon, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, malathion, chlorpyrifos, terbufos sulfone, disulfoton sulfone and fensulfothion) were analysed in milled toasted wheat and maize as well as in wheat flour and baby cereals. The QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) methodology was used and its dispersive solid-phase extraction procedure was optimised by means of an experimental design with the aim of reducing the amount of co-extracted lipids and obtaining a clean extract. Gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection were used as the separation and detection techniques, respectively. The method was validated in terms of selectivity, recoveries, calibration, precision and accuracy as well as matrix effects. Limits of detection were between 0.07 and 34.8 mu g kg-1 with recoveries in the range of 71-110% (relative standard deviations were below 9%). A total of 40 samples of different origin were analysed. Residues of pirimiphos-methyl were found in six of the samples at concentrations in the range 0.08-0.47 mg kg-1, which were below the MRLs established for this pesticide in cereal grains. Tandem mass spectrometry confirmation was also carried out in order to identify unequivocally the presence of this pesticide.
Keywords: Risk Abstracts
Keywords: Residues
Keywords: Lipids
Keywords: Metabolites
Keywords: Chlorpyrifos
Keywords: Triticum aestivum
Keywords: Food additives
Keywords: Zea mays
Keywords: Economics
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
Keywords: Wheat
Keywords: Nitrogen English. Date revised - 2012-09-01. Last updated - 2013-02-08. DOI - d9d1046b-f6e1-4501-ae26mfgefd107; 17032559; 1944-0049; 1944-0057. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; Food additives; Residues; Lipids; Economics; Pesticides; Metabolites; Wheat; Nitrogen; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays
262. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, R. M.; Rial-Otero, R.; Cancho-Grande, B.; Gonzalez-Barreiro, C., and Simal-Gandara, J. A Review on the Fate of Pesticides during the Processes within the Food-Production Chain. 2011; 51, 99-114.
Rec #: 13480
Keywords: REVIEW
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Only the intake of toxicologically-significant amounts can lead to adverse health effects even for a relatively toxic substance. In the case of residues in foods this is based on two major aspectsfirst, how to determine quantitatively the presence of a pollutant in individual foods and diets, including its fate during the processes within the food production chain; and second, how to determine the consumption patterns of the individual foods containing the relevant pollutants. The techniques used for the evaluation of the fate of pesticides during food processing have been critically reviewed in this paper to determine those areas where improvements are needed or desirable. Options for improvements are being suggested, including, for example, the development of a pan-European food composition database, activities to understand better effects of processing on individual food pesticides, and harmonization of food consumption survey methods with the option of a regular pan-European survey. The ultimate aim is to obtain appropriate estimations for the presence and quantity of a given chemical in a food and in the diet in general. Existing pragmatic approaches are a first crude step to model food pollutant intake. It is recommended to extend, refine, and validate this approach in the near future. This has to result in a cost-effective exposure-assessment system to be used for existing and potential categories of pollutants. This system of knowledge (with information on sensitivities, accuracy, etc.) will guide future data collection.
Number of Volumes: 2
ISI Document Delivery No.: 720XF ://CCC:000287315300001
263. Guenard, G; Von Der Ohe, Pc; De Zwart, D; Legendre, P; Lek, S, and Guenard, G. Using Phylogenetic Information to Predict Species Tolerances to Toxic Chemicals. 2011 Dec; 21, (8): 3178-3190.
Rec #: 6020
Keywords: MODELING
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Tolerance to toxic substances is a characteristic of an organism that determines whether it is able to withstand the concentrations occurring in its environment. The measurement of tolerance is therefore of fundamental importance when assessing the impact of anthropogenic chemicals on ecosystems and ecological communities. Although an appreciable amount of information on species tolerance to chemicals has been collected through the last 50 years, substantial gaps remain in our knowledge of tolerance relative to the diversity of organisms inhabiting aquatic ecosystems and the great and increasing number of chemicals released in these ecosystems. Within that context, methods allowing one to reliably and accurately estimate a species' tolerance using other known characteristics would be valuable. In the present study we introduce an approach that uses phylogeny to estimate the tolerance of a species using that of a set of other species related to the focus species at different phylogenetic scales. We estimated phylogenies from molecular data (DNA sequences) or inferred them from taxonomy. Up to 83% of the among-species variation in tolerance (log-transformed median lethal concentration over 96 hours; LC sub(50)) was found to be phylogenetically structured and was therefore usable for making predictions. The ability of phylogenetic models to produce accurate estimates of species tolerances is apparently related to the availability of information within species groups and the variation in pesticide tolerance within these groups. Toxicity models integrating phylogeny therefore appear suitable to assist in risk assessment.
Keywords: Phylogeny
Keywords: Risk assessment
Keywords: Data processing
Keywords: G 07740:Evolution
Keywords: Nucleotide sequence
Keywords: Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
Keywords: Toxicity
Keywords: Aquatic ecosystems
Keywords: Environmental Studies
Keywords: Models
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: Taxonomy
Keywords: D 04060:Management and Conservation English. Date revised - 2012-04-01. Last updated - 2012-08-02. DOI - OB-MD-0018108877; 16292278; 1051-0761. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Phylogeny; Data processing; Nucleotide sequence; Pesticides; Taxonomy; Toxicity; Aquatic ecosystems; Models
264. Gunn, D. L. General Introduction: Some Environmental and Toxicological Perspectives. Part I: Uses and Abuse of DDT and Dieldrin. 17200//: SOIL; 1975: 82 p.
Rec #: 600
Keywords: REFS CHECKED,REVIEW
Call Number: NO REFS CHECKED (DDVP,ES,MLN,RTN,TFN), NO REVIEW (DDVP,ES,MLN,RTN,TFN)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: AND,DDT,DDVP,DLD,EN,EPRN,ES,HCCH,HPT,MLN,MXC,PPCP,PRN,RTN,TFN
265. Gunther, F. A.; Iwata, Y.; Carman, G. E., and Smith, C. A. The Citrus Reentry Problem: Research on Its Causes and Effects, and Approaches to Its Minimization. 1977; 67, 1-132.
Rec #: 1310
Keywords: REVIEW
Call Number: NO REVIEW (AZ,DMT,DZ,MDT,MLN,MTM,MVP,Naled,PSM,TCF,TEPP)
Notes: EcoReference No.: 36906
Chemical of Concern: AZ,DEM,DMT,DZ,EPRN,ETN,MDT,MLN,MTM,MVP,Naled,PHSL,PPHD,PRN,PSM,TCF,TEPP
266. Guo, Peng; Wang, Baozhan; Hang, Baojian; Li, Lian; Ali, Shinawar Waseem; He, Jian; Li, Shunpeng, and Guo, Peng. Pyrethroid-Degrading Sphingobium Sp. Jz-2 and the Purification and Characterization of a Novel Pyrethroid Hydrolase. 2009 Dec; 63, (8): 1107-1112.
Rec #: 7280
Keywords: BACTERIA
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: A pyrethroid-degrading bacterium strain JZ-2 was isolated from activated sludge treating pyrethroid-manufacturing wastewater. Based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization, and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the strain was identified as Sphingobium sp. Strain JZ-2 was capable of degrading fenpropathrin, cypermethrin, permethrin, cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate and bifenthrin. This strain degraded fenpropathrin by hydrolysis of the carboxylester linkage to yield 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde and 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid. 3-Phenoxybenzaldehyde, 3-phenoxybenzoate, protocatechuate and catechol are the intermediates of fenpropathrin degradation. Protocatechuate and catechol were further oxidized by ortho-cleavage pathway. A novel pyrethroid hydrolase from cell-free extract was purified 108.5-fold to apparent homogeneity with a 10.2% overall recovery. It was a monomer with a molecular mass of 31 +/- 1 kDa, a pI of 4.85. The optimal pH and temperature were 7.5 and 40 C, respectively. No cofactors or coenzymes were required for the pyrethroid-hydrolysis activity. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by many irons (Ag super(+), Cu super(2+), Hg super(2+) and Zn super(2+)), SDS, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and malathion.
Keywords: Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
Keywords: Biology English. Date revised - 2011-02-01. Last updated - 2011-11-08. DOI - OB-5923195e-a140-4d06-a320csaobj202; 13403924; 0964-8305
267. Guo, Wen; Engelman, Brigitte J; Haywood, Tajay L; Blok, Neil B; Beaudoin, Daniel S, and Obare, Sherine O. Dual Fluorescence and Electrochemical Detection of the Organophosphorus Pesticides--Ethion, Malathion and Fenthion. 2011 Dec 15; 87, 276-283.
268. Gupta, P.; Saxena, G., and Kumar, A. Effect of Malathion on Reproductive Performance of Drosophila kikkawai in Agricultural Field. Genetics and Molecular Biology Lab., Department of Zoology, Feroze Gandhi College, Raebareli - 229 001, India//: 2011; 14, (1): 55-58(ABS).
Rec #: 1520
Keywords: ABSTRACT
Call Number: NO ABSTRACT (MLN)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
269. Gupta, Ramesh C. Chapter 80 - Placental toxicity. Ramesh C. Gupta. Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology. San Diego: Academic Press; 2011: 1067-1085.
Rec #: 1540
Keywords: REVIEW
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Publisher Summary ISSN/ISBN: 978-0-12-382032-7 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123820327100803
270. Gupta, Ramesh C. and Crissman, James W. Chapter 42 - Agricultural Chemicals. Wanda M. Haschek; Colin G. Rousseaux; Matthew A. Wallig; Brad Bolon and Ricardo OchoaA2 - Wanda M. Haschek, Colin G. Rousseaux Matthew A. Wallig Brad Bolon, and Ricardo Ochoa. Haschek and Rousseaux's Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology (Third Edition). Boston: Academic Press; 2013: 1349-1372.
Rec #: 1520
Keywords: REVIEW
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract ISSN/ISBN: 978-0-12-415759-0 pesticide/ herbicide/ fungicide/ insecticide/ rodenticide/ toxicity/ pathology/ risk/ treatment/ prevention/ poisoning/ agriculture http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012415759000042X
271. Gupta, Ramesh C.; Malik, Jitendra K., and Milatovic, Dejan. Chapter 37 - Organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Ramesh C. Gupta. Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology. San Diego: Academic Press; 2011: 471-486.
Rec #: 880
Keywords: REVIEW
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Publisher Summary ISSN/ISBN: 978-0-12-382032-7 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123820327100372
272. Gupta, Ramesh C. and Milatovic, Dejan. Chapter 45 - Organophosphates and carbamates. Veterinary Toxicology (Second Edition). Boston: Academic Press; 2012: 573-585.
Rec #: 1040
Keywords: REVIEW
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CM) compounds are commonly used as pesticides in agriculture, industry and in homes and gardens. These compounds are also used as parasiticides in veterinary medicine. In addition, some OPs are employed as chemical warfare agents. Both OPs and CMs exert their toxicity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity primarily in the brain and muscles, leading into accumulation of acetylcholine causing hypercholinergic signs due to overstimulation of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. In addition, non-cholinergic mechanisms are involved in cell damage and death. Death of an animal ensues due to respiratory and cardiac failure. Acute poisoning cases are diagnosed based on (1) clinical signs, (2) AChE activity in blood/brain and (3) the residue detection of OPs/CMs. Animals poisoned with CMs are treated with atropine and those poisoned with OPs are treated with atropine and 2-PAM. This chapter describes the toxicity and treatment of anticholinesterase OPs and CMs in animals. ISSN/ISBN: 978-0-12-385926-6 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123859266000454
273. Gustafsson, Helena; Runesson, Johan; Lundqvist, Jessica; Lindegren, Helene; Axelsson, Viktoria; Forsby, Anna, and Gustafsson, Helena. Neurofunctional Endpoints Assessed in Human Neuroblastoma Sh-Sy5y Cells for Estimation of Acute Systemic Toxicity. 2010 Jun 1; 245, (2): 191-202.
Rec #: 7000
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: The objective of the EU-funded integrated project ACuteTox is to develop a strategy in which general cytotoxicity, together with organ-specific toxicity and biokinetic features, are used for the estimation of human acute systemic toxicity. Our role in the project is to characterise the effect of reference chemicals with regard to neurotoxicity. We studied cell membrane potential (CMP), noradrenalin (NA) uptake, acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, acetylcholine receptor (AChR) signalling and voltage-operated calcium channel (VOCC) function in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells after exposure to 23 pharmaceuticals, pesticides or industrial chemicals. Neurotoxic alert chemicals were identified by comparing the obtained data with cytotoxicity data from the neutral red uptake assay in 3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Furthermore, neurotoxic concentrations were correlated with estimated human lethal blood concentrations (LC50). The CMP assay was the most sensitive assay, identifying eight chemicals as neurotoxic alerts and improving the LC50 correlation for nicotine, lindane, atropine and methadone. The NA uptake assay identified five neurotoxic alert chemicals and improved the LC50 correlation for atropine, diazepam, verapamil and methadone. The AChE, AChR and VOCC assays showed limited potential for detection of acute toxicity. The CMP assay was further evaluated by testing 36 additional reference chemicals. Five neurotoxic alert chemicals were generated and orphendrine and amitriptyline showed improved LC50 correlation. Due to the high sensitivity and the simplicity of the test protocol, the CMP assay constitutes a good candidate assay to be included in an in vitro test strategy for prediction of acute systemic toxicity.
