Aquatecture submitted by Vinaya Dhone Guided by Prof. Saurabh Paliwal

96
CHAPTER 4

97 PART A DESIGN
• DESIGN PARAMETERS AND STANDARS
Design parameters for Construction of Multi-Purpose Shelter
1.
The flood shelters are generally provided with a very high plinth. It is preferable to have the habitable floor height 2 to 3 meter above ground level (generally with Stilt. The ramp is preferred over staircase. A ramp generally provides an easy access to kids and elderly people. The slope of the ramp should be 1:12 with a minimum width of m. Plantation in the site boundaries (particularly with the mangrove trees) as a peripheral belt is always helpful. This will reduce the impact of the high tidal velocity. One or two layers of tree foliage and deep fibrous root system will reduce the flow and increase the groundwater discharging of the water through ground grip of the roots. But, a suitable isolation distance between the greenbelt and the shelter structure need to be maintained, so that the shelter does not get damaged by a falling tree or the foundation does not get damaged by the root propagation. The ramp must lead to the control room of the relief operation at the stilt floor. This control room should be located at such a location that must have an easy and direct approach to every remote space in the floor. It also required have a clear visual axis to every part of the flood shelter. However, in multilevel or in widespread horizontal plan buildings, more than one such control room can be designed in strategic locations. A provision of adequate amount of storage space should be available in the rooms. The storage space can be adjusted in various vertical levels, so that maximum floor area can be utilized in other living activities. The classroom should be so designed that it should have an extra space provision for furniture storage during flood shelter activities. If a primary school is converted to a flood shelter, the floor area should be flexible. The partition wall between two adjacent classrooms should be so designed that it can be open and transformed to a large hall. The vertical transportation components, especially staircases are needed to be placed inadequate horizontal distance intervals. The staircase is essential to connect the first floor to the terrace. The staircases should have a width of 1.5 tom depending on shelter capacity with multi-entry possibilities. Accommodation of 3000-4000 relocated people from nearby settlement for 1 to 3 days. Active spaces for temporary storage of the valuable items of the relocated people. Adequate storage space for food grains, medicine, drinking water, baby food, Treatment area for injured, old and medically unfit people. Additional area to keep the cattle along with relocated family Service areas like toilet, bathrooms, makeshift kitchen and dining area. Service systems including freshwater supply, healthy sanitary disposal, power and telecommunication.

98 Squat type water closet is recommended in the toilets as it can cater both children and the adults. Generally, ground stilt plus two floors (G) is recommended for the RCC framed buildings. Square or rectangular shaped buildings with rounded corners are preferred to improve the aerodynamics of the structure under wind. Hexagonal or octagonal shapes are also suitable. Provision of Hand pump for water should be provided at the first and second floor levels as there is high probability of disruption is supply of electricity during the period. The ramp connecting the ground level to first floor should have a snake catcher. There should be a separate cattle shade near to the cyclone shelter.
(#35 Ref:
Design recommendations suggested by National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Government of India)
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