Chicago Debate League 2013/14 Core Files
AC Extension Harms – Economy: A/t # 1 “Midwest Economies Turn” [3/3] 130
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- 2AC Extension Harms – Economy: A/t 2 “Ethanol Isn’t Enough” [1/4] 131
2AC Extension Harms – Economy: A/t # 1 “Midwest Economies Turn” [3/3] 1304) Government subsidies to corn will prevent any price collapse. SPECHT, 12 [Jonathan, Legal Advisor for Pearlmaker Holsteins, Inc. B; J.D., Washington University in St. Louis; “Raising Cane: Cuban Sugarcane Ethanol’s Economic and Environmental Effects on the United States,” 4/24, http://environs.law.ucdavis.edu/issues/36/2/specht.pdf] The likelihood of this worst-case economic scenario depends on a number of factors. The U.S. ethanol industry, like other ethanol industries around the world, is largely affected by two major variables: governmental policy and commodity prices. While it has not received anything close to the level of support granted to the Brazilian ethanol industry, 140 the U.S. ethanol industry has received major boosts from the federal government. 5) Inevitable droughts will collapse the domestic corn industry and cause prices to skyrocket. SPECHT, 12 [Jonathan, Legal Advisor for Pearlmaker Holsteins, Inc. B; J.D., Washington University in St. Louis; “Raising Cane: Cuban Sugarcane Ethanol’s Economic and Environmental Effects on the United States,” 4/24, http://environs.law.ucdavis.edu/issues/36/2/specht.pdf] Events in the summer of 2012 highlighted both the potential risks of continuing to center U.S. biofuels policy on domestic corn production and the potential benefits of promoting the growth of a Cuban sugarcane-based ethanol industry. In the summer of 2012, the U.S. Midwest experienced its worst drought since 1956. 184 In the middle of August 2012, more than twenty-two percent of the contiguous United States was considered to be in one of the two most severe categories of drought. 185 High temperatures and lack of rain combined to devastate productivity of U.S. crops, especially corn, 40 million acres of which were in drought areas. 186 According to a USDA report, the U.S. corn crop of 2012 was projected to be the smallest since 2006, 187 despite the fact that significantly more acres of land were planted with corn in 2012 as compared to 2006. 188 As a result of anticipated lower supplies, corn prices shot up to record levels in the summer of 2012. 189 In response to these high prices, livestock producers affected by high grain prices and others, including members of Congress and four state governors, called on the Obama Administration to temporarily suspend the RFS, and thereby reduce pressure on commodity prices by the ethanol industry. 190 Criticism of current U.S. ethanol policy was not limited to livestock producers – Jozé Graziano da Silva, head of the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization, also called for a temporary suspension of the RFS. 191 As critics of U.S. ethanol policy pointed out, the drought of 2012 and the destruction it inflicted on corn production in the United States show the danger of relying on a single crop as a source for fuel production. 2AC Extension Harms – Economy: A/t #2 “Ethanol Isn’t Enough” [1/4] 1311) Their argument is about global oil consumption. We don’t need to win that we stop every country from using oil, only that we protect the U.S. economy from shocks due to U.S. oil use. 2) Expanding U.S. importation of ethanol will immediately spur development of ethanol-fuel vehicles, driving up further demand for cleaner fuels. Independently, this creates jobs in the automotive industry while also reducing reliance on foreign oil. STARR, 10 [Sean Charles, J.D. DePaul University School of Law; “SWEET REWARDS: HOW U.S. TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND PENETRATION OF BRAZILIAN ETHANOL INTO THE U.S. MARKET CAN STIMULATE AMERICA'S DOMESTIC ECONOMY AND STRENGTHEN AMERICAS INTERNATIONAL INFLUENCE,” 8 DePaul Bus. & Comm. L.J. 275] Opening the U.S. markets to Brazilian ethanol would strengthen the U.S. economy. Embracing Brazilian ethanol by eliminating or decreasing tariffs and subsidies could provide the U.S. with the impetus to refocus its emphasis on domestic development of alternative and renewable energy models and thus inject the U.S. economy with new job growth. The U.S. built its reputation as the world superpower by fostering a collective, fundamental desire for autonomy and developing unparalleled intellectual capital to achieve that desire. The U.S. can rebound from its wavering international status and the current economic crisis by relying once more on American self-actualization and innovation. Allowing Brazil's ethanol into the U.S. market will directly stimulate the U.S. domestic economy by driving domestic competition and development in two evolving sectors of green technology. First, with a surplus of affordable ethanol at the American consumer's disposal, the immediate need for flex-fuel or entirely ethanol fueled transportation would provide a much needed boost to America's sagging automobile industry while lowering consumer costs at the pump. Secondly, an industry-wide acceptance of Brazilian ethanol would forge a new standard for alternative or green energy in America and would consequently motivate development of alternative models of non-fossil fuel based energy. Together, this two-fold development would provide the U.S. with immediate domestic economic stimulation. An unfettered flow of Brazilian sugarcane ethanol would stimulate the domestic economy by expanding the product base of American automobile makers, providing jobs for Americans developing and building those products, and inspiring alternative product market competition. With a surplus of an available fuel alternative and the requisite essentials of supply and demand, U.S. automakers would be hard-pressed not to focus development efforts on flex-fuel or all ethanol-based automobiles. An industry-wide emphasis on development would in turn create new jobs in design, development, and assembly of the new automobiles. The U.S. could look to Brazil in terms of development initiatives for the auto industry. Brazil worked closely with its automakers to set and meet "extraordinary goals for the production of flex fuel cars." The government now mandates a requirement that all new vehicles have flex-fuel capabilities. The Fuel Choices for American Security Act, a bill introduced to the Senate, has a similar requirement. Allowing entrance of Brazil's ethanol would motivate American automakers to expand their production base and develop automobiles to take advantage of the readily available consumer alternative while motivating the government to create the proper legislation to support the industry. 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