Compiled by Colby B. Rucker Preface: Use of Copyrighted Material
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Order Graminales24. Graminae (Grass Family) 96. Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. 1812. Shr.404, B&B.190 (Triticum repens L. 1753) (Common Quackgrass, Couch-grass, Witchgrass) Blue-green aggressive unbranched perennial creeping by strong underground rhizomes. Common weed naturalized from Europe.
97. Agropyron trachycaulum (Link.) Malte 1932. B&B.190 (Triticum trachycaulum Link. 1833) (Agropyron tenerum Vasey 1885) (Bearded Wheatgrass) Native unbranched perennial.
98. Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. 1888. Shr.400, B&B.137 (Cornucopiae hyemalis Walt. 1788) (Ticklegrass, Rough Hairgrass) Native perennial. Habitat: "In dry or moist soil" (Britton 1901). "Open ground, fields, and waste places" (Hitchcock & Chase 1950). "Dry or moist, poor soils of fields or woods and in bogs or brackish marshes" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Wayson's Corner, moist sandy bank of a pool 6/11/1950, L. B. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971). 99. Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerman 1843. Shr.400, B&B.135 (Cornucopiae perennans Walt. 1788) (Upland Bent-grass, Autumn Bent-grass) Native perennial. Habitat: "In shaded, damp places" (Britton 1901) "In moist soil (Shreve et al 1910). "In dry open ground erect and rather stout; in shady places weak, with lax pale panicle..." (Hitchcock & Chase 1950). "In dry or moist thickets, open woods, or unshaded areas" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "Midland Zone; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: Dorr's Corner, hanging over the edge of a bank of the Severn R. 8/18/1960, N. Hotchkiss & E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). N. of Ft. Meade, along roadside at entrance of Rt. 2 & the Balt-Wash Pkwy. 8/6/1966, Stieber 55 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Wayson's Corner, damp shady area 7/27/1966, Stieber 56 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). "Java Farm, infrequent along Fox Creek ditch and in old field beside the dock road" Higman 324, 334 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971). 100: Agrostis stolonifera L. 1753 B&B.135 (Redtop) Native.
101. Agrostis stolonifera var. compacta Hartm. 1843. B&B.135 (Agrostis palustris Huds. 1762) (Creeping Bentgrass, Carpet Bentgrass) Low-growing, fine-bladed perennial creeping by long stolons. Cultivated on putting greens.
102. Agrostis stolonifera L. var. major (Gaud.) Farwell B&B.135 (Agrostis alba L. 1753) Shr.400 (Redtop, Redtop Grass) Blue-green perennial creeping by rhizomes. Naturalized from Europe.
DBT. Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link. 1827. Shr.401, B&B: unlisted. (Calamagrostis arenaria Roth. 1788) (Arundo arenaria L. 1753) (European Beachgrass, Sea Sandreed, Marram Grass) Tall perennial. Possible mis-identification; Higman (1977) does not include this species, but adds A. breviligulata at this location.
103. Ammophila breviligulata Fernald 1920. B&B.131 (American Beachgrass) Coarse perennial.
104. Andropogon scoparius Michx. 1803. Shr.396, B&B.77 [Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash 1903] (Little Bluestem, Prairie Beardgrass, Broom Beardgrass) Native perennial.
105. Andropogon scoparius Michx. var. littoralis (Nash) Gould B&B.77 [Andropogon scoparius Michx. var. littoralis (Nash) Hitchc. 1906] (Andropogon littoralis Nash 1901) Native perennial.
(Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Near St. James Church, edge of a field, sandy shaded area near a thicket 7/27/1966, Stieber 102 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971). 106. Andropogon ternarius Michx. 1803. B&B.77 (Silvery Beard-grass) Erect perennial.
(Longbottom 1993). 107. Andropogon virginicus L. 1753. Shr.396, B&B.77 Assumed to be var. virginicus, which grows in dry soil; var. abbreviatus occurs in wet areas. (Broomsedge, Virginia Broomsedge, Beardgrass) Erect native perennial, 1.5 - 4 feet tall. Habitat: "Dry or moist fields" (Britton 1901). "Open woods and old, depleted fields with dry, arid soils" (Brown & Brown 1984). Acidic soils. Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Jaques 1959). Records: Rt. 424 at Rt. 50, tufted with other grasses along the roadside 9/16/1966, Stieber 103 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). "Throughout CBC, moderately abundant to infrequent in old fields, also at Java Farm in Phalaris meadow" Higman 150 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989). Beachwood Park, Beverly-Triton Beach, Downs Park, Governors Bridge gravel pits, Jacobsville Park, Kinder Park, Poplar Ridge Park, "W" Section of Fort Meade (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Sightings: Clearing near Ruckers Pond. Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971). 108. Andropogon virginicus L. var. abbreviatus (Hack.) Fernald & Griscom 1935. B&B.77 [Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B.S.P. 1888] Shr.397 (Cinna glomerata Walt. 1788) (Bushy Beardgrass) Native perennial. Habitat: "In moist soil and open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). "Low moist ground; marshes and swamps" (Hitchcock & Chase 1950). "Wet soils on the Coastal Plain" (Brown& Brown 1984). Frequency: "Throughout the state, common" (Shreve et al 1910).Records: Savanna and cedar swamp at Cypress Creek Savanna (Sipple & Klockner 1980). Cypress Creek Savanna (As A. virginicus; Sipple & Klockner 1984). 109. Anthoxanthum odoratum L. 1753. Shr.399, B&B.117 (Sweet Vernal Grass) Yellow-green low-growing perennial naturalized from Europe. Habitat: "In fields and meadows" (Britton 1901). "In swamps and meadows" (Shreve et al 1910). "In fields, waste places and roadsides" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Fogg 1956). "More frequent in upland and Piedmont than on Coastal Plain" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Patuxent Community Pond, in a meadow 5/2/1966, Stieber 65 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Manresa, in gravelly-clay along the railroad tracks 5/5/1966, Stieber 64 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). "Ivy Neck, solitary in garden at Colhoun's house" Higman 1155 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Beachwood Park, Beverly-Triton Beach, Broad Creek Park, Downs Park, Jacobsville Park, Kinder Park, Patuxent Community Pond, Poplar Ridge Park, Quiet Waters Park, "W" Section of Fort Meade (Longbottom 1991, 1993). BG&E transmission line r/w off Marley Station Boulevard by Sipple 6/3/2000 (see The Maryland Naturalist, Summer 2001). Sightings: Open ground near Round Bay Bog (Longbottom pc 1991). Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971). 110. Aristida curtissii (Gray) Nash 1901. B&B.123 (Aristida dichotoma var. curtissii A. Gray 1890) (Curtis' Wiregrass, Curtis' Three-awn) Annual. Habitat: "In dry soil" (Britton 1901). "Dry soils" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "Coastal Plain and Midland...uncommon" (Brown & Brown 1984). Heritage Rating: 1994: SU - Status Undetermined. Records: Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). 111. Aristida purpurascens Poir. 1810. B&B.123 (Arrow-grass, Needlegrass, Arrowfeather, Purple Three-awn) Native perennial. Habitat: "In dry soil" (Britton 1901). "Dry, sandy soils" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "Mostly on the Coastal Plain; frequent" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Manresa, in sandy soil along the shore of the Severn 10/3/1966, Stieber 61 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971). 112. Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Mert. and Koch 1823. B&B.137 [Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv. 1823] Shr.401 (Avena elatior L. 1753) (Tall Oatgrass) Tall perennial naturalized from Europe.
113. Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino 1912. B&B.76 Slender annual grass introduced from Asia.
(Longbottom pc 1991). 114. Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Chapm. 1860. B&B.23,196
(Arundinaria gigantea tecta Scribn. 1893) (Arundo tecta Walt. 1788) (Switch-cane, Giant Cane, Southern Cane) Shreve (1910), Hotchkiss & E. C, Leonard, A. V. P. Smith (1940), and Sipple & Klockner (1984) identified local plants as A. tecta, but Brown & Brown (1984), Riefner & Hill (1983), and others consider A. tecta an environmental form of A. gigantea. Hitchcock & Chase (1950) hold that A. tecta extends n. to s. Md., but A. gigantea only to N.C. Tall slightly woody native perennial.
1994: S-1 Highly State Rare. Threatened. Records: (1) "Stony Run (Robert K. Miller)" (See Shreve et al 1910). Stony Run 5/1/1937 Smith s.n. US (See Riefner & Hill 1983). (2) Near Glen Burnie; "...reaches its known northern limit at the well-known station at Stony Run ...the writer has found a new station near Glen Burnie...not so far north, however, as the Stony Run station" (A. V. Smith 1940). (3) E. side of Patuxent R. at Rt. 50, 5/25/1956, E. C. Leonard 21010 (US) (Stieber 1967, Riefner & Hill 1983). Patuxent River & Rt. 50, wooded slope 8/18/1960, Neil Hotchkiss & E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). (4) Woodland near Eagle Hill Bog (Riefner & Hill 1983), (Sipple & Klockner 1984). (5) South Grays Bog (Sipple & Klockner 1984; Sipple 1999, p.376). (6) Three sites in upper watershed of Lake Waterford near Woodland Road 11/11/1989 (Sipple 1993). (7) A station beside Mountain Road was threatened by a State Highways project about 1992 (source uncertain). (8) Cockey Creek. Upland adjacent to cedar swamp. "the largest area of giant cane...I have observed on the Western Shore" (Sipple 1999, p.365).
115. Avena sativa L. 1753. B&B.145 (Cultivated Oats) Erect annual; native of Europe and Asia.
116. Bromus commutatus Schrad. 1806. B&B.151 (Upright Chess, Hairy Chess, Brome Grass) Annual or biennial, naturalized from Europe. Habitat: "A weed in fields and waste places" (Hitchcock & Chase 1950). Frequency: "A common weed in fields and waste places" (Fogg 1956). "Common weed, in grain fields, widespread" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: "Infrequent along roads at Java Farm" (Stieber 1971). "Java Farm, infrequent along new entrance road and Fox Point Road" Higman 788, 891 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971). 117. Bromus inermis Leyss. 1761. B&B.153 (Smooth Brome, Awnless Brome-grass) Blue-green perennial introduced from Europe. Habitat: "Roadsides, ditch-banks and fields" (Brown & Brown 1984). Used as a pasture grass. Frequency: "Known from Howard and Prince George's Counties" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Wayson's Corner off Rt. 4, dense stands of other brome grasses, near a damp ditch 6/11/1966, 6/27/1966, Stieber 22 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). "Ivy Neck, solitary by tractor trail" Higman 854 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971) 118. Bromus japonicus Thunb. 1784. B&B.151 (Japanese Bromegrass, Japanese Chess) Annual adventive from Europe. Habitat: "Weed in waste places" (Hitchcock & Chase 1950). "Roadsides and waste places" (Stieber 1971). Frequency: "Uncommon, but known from Washington, Prince George's, Howard and Talbot Counties" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Patuxent R. at Rt. 50, in sandy clay 6/7/1966, Stieber 23 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). "Java Farm, solitary in old field south of Fox Creek marsh" Higman 890 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971). 119. Bromus racemosus L. 1762. Shr.404, B&B.151 (Smooth Bromegrass, Smooth Cheat, Upright Chess) Erect annual naturalized from Europe. 1-3 feet high. Habitat: "Fields and waste places" (Britton 1901). "In cultivated soils" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: Weed: "widely known in fields and waste places" (Jaques 1959). "Uncommon" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Manresa, damp lawn about 4 yards from the bank of the Severn R. 6/1/1966, Stieber 24 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). "Java Farm, in broken pavement on Fox Point Road" Higman 1112 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971). 120. Bromus sterilis L. 1753. B&B.148 (Barren Bromegrass) Annual naturalized from Europe.
121. Bromus tectorum L. 1753. B&B.148 (Downy Chess, Downy Brome-grass) Slender, erect annual or winter annual. Native of southern Europe. Habitat: "Dry sandy soil, especially along railroads and roadsides" (Jaques 1959). "Roadsides and waste places, abundant" (Stieber 1971). "In dry fields and waste places" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: A weed (Fogg 1956, Jaques 1959). "A common weed, mostly on the Coastal Plain" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Hills Bridge at Wayson's Corner, gravelly roadside 6/11/1950, L. B. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Patuxent R. at Rt. 50, clumps in sandy-clay 6/7/1966, Stieber 25 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: US & LCU (Stieber 1971). 122. Calamagrostis cinnoides (Muhl.) Bart. 1818 B&B.133 [Calamagrostis cinnoides (Muhl.) Scribn. 1895] Shr.401 (Arundo cinnoides Muhl. 1817) (Reed Bentgrass, Nuttall's Reed-grass) Tall erect unbranched perennial. Habitat: "Bogs, moist soils and salt meadows" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "Coastal and Midland Zones; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: Cypress Creek Savanna (Sipple & Klockner 1984). 123. Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth. 1840. [Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fernald 1943] B&B.83 [Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth. var. longispinus (Hack.) Fernald. [Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth. var. longispinus (Hack.) Jensen & Wachter 1949] (Cenchrus echinatus L. forma longispina Hack. 1903) (Field Sandbur) Low-growing, yellow-green, much-branched, spreading annual or perennial. Habitat: "Dry sandy soil of river banks and beaches" (Brown & Brown 1984). Roadsides and fields. Frequency: A weed (Jaques 1959). "Infrequent" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Farm area off Rt. 2, S. of Lothian, sandy area near a field 5/21/1966 & 9/2/1966, Stieber 97 & 98 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971). 124. Cenchrus tribuloides L. 1753. Shr.399, B&B.83 (Common Sandbur, Dune Sandbur, Bur-grass, Sandspur) Low native annual. Habitat: "On sandy shores and in waste places" (Britton 1901). "On beaches and sand-dunes of the Atlantic coast" (Fogg 1956). "Sandy open places, especially beaches" (Stieber 1971). Frequency: "A vile weed" (Gray 1967). A weed (Fogg 1956, Jaques 1959). "Coastal and Midland Zones" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common on coastal sands; sometimes a weed in sandy, cultivated fields" (Brown & Brown 1984). County Occurrence: "More or less plentiful on the truck farms of Anne Arundel County" (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910; p.192). Records: Sandy Point Park, sandy beach of Chesapeake Bay 9/14/1946, E. H. Walker (US) (Stieber 1967). Ivy Neck, infrequent on Sand Point beach, Higman 1013 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Fishing Creek Farm (Williams 1986). Beverly-Triton Beach, Downs Park (Longbottom 1993). Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971). 125. Cinna arundinacea L. 1753. Shr.400, B&B.133 (Wood Reedgrass, Stout Woodreed, Sweet Reed-grass) Tall native perennial. Habitat: "In moist woods and swamps" (Britton 1901). "In swamps and open wet situations" (Shreve et al 1910). Frequency: "Coastal and Midland Zones; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: "Infrequent in a valley of Muddy Creek and in an old field at Java Farm" (Stieber 1971). "Java Farm, infrequent on floodplain of Muddy Creek north fork" Higman 66, 85, 134 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Bacon Ridge Park, Broad Creek Park, Downs Park, Lake Waterford Park, Wet woods border of Marley Swamp below Rt. 100, Governors Bridge gravel pits (Longbottom 1991, 1993). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason, Longbottom, Swarth 1991). Directory: corner corner -> Cornerstone Tutorial, Inc. 2012. 2013 Directory corner -> Environmental Engineering Services Download 4.23 Mb. Share with your friends:
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