Compiled by Colby B. Rucker Preface: Use of Copyrighted Material
Download 4.23 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- 34. Dioscoreaceae (Yam Family)
- 35. Amaryllidaceae (Amaryllis Family)
- 36. Iridaceae (Iris Family)
- 37. Orchidaceae (Orchis Family)
33. Liliaceae (Lily Family) 381. Allium canadense L. 1753. B&B.333 (Wild Garlic, Canada Garlic, Meadow Garlic) Bulbous native herb. Leaves flat, not hollow. Ht. to 1 ft. Habitat: "Moist meadows" (Gray 1867). "Low woods, thickets and meadows" (Stieber 1971). Frequency: "A weed...widely spread in moist meadows and fields" (Jaques 1959). Records: St. James Church, in clay soil near a fallow field 6/27/1966, Stieber 131 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971). 382. Allium sativum L. B&B.333 (Garlic) Bulbous herb introduced from Western Asia. Leaves flat. Habitat: "Roadsides and pastures" (Stieber 1971). Frequency: "Occasionally escaped; Queen Anne's County & W-B area" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Patuxent R. at Rt. 50, sandy-clay soil 6/7/1966, Stieber 132 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971). 383. Allium vineale L. 1753. Shr.416, B&B.333 (Field Garlic, Wild Onion) Bulbous herb naturalized from Europe; leaves round, lower part hollow. Ht. about 1 ft., fruiting stem up to 3 ft. Habitat: "Moist meadows and fields; a vile weed eastward" (Gray 1868). "In cultivated grounds" (Shreve et al 1910). "In fields, meadows and along roadsides. Common on sandy soil" (Jaques 1959). "Grasslands, fallow fields, near marshes" (Stieber 1971). Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "A...most diabolical lawn weed" (Fogg 1956). Records: No locale, 6/8/1880, John D. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967)). Rt. 424 at Rt. 50, also farm area off Rt. 2 S. of Lothian 6/27/1966, Stieber 133 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Throughout CBC, moderately abundant to abundant in old fields and in moist, moderately shaded sites, Higman 784 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971). 384. Amianthium muscaetoxicum (Walt.) Gray B&B.327 [Chrosperma muscaetoxicum (Walt.) Kuntze 1891] Shr.416 (Melanthium muscaetoxicum A. Gray 1837) (Melanthium muscaetoxicum Walt. 1788) (Fly-poison, Crow-poison, Hellebore) Erect perennial herb; raceme cylindrical, white. Bulb very poisonous.
385. Asparagus officinale L. 1753. B&B.341 (Asparagus officinalis L. 1753) Shr.417 (Garden Asparagus) Perennial herb naturalized from Europe.
386. Erythronium americanum Ker. Shr.416, B&B.339 (Trout Lily, Dog-tooth Violet, Yellow Adder's-tongue, Fawn-lily) Perennial. Mottled leaf. Flower yellowish, petals auricled at base. Habitat: "Low copses" (Gray 1867). "Rich ground" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "Rich woods, especially on floodplains, forming large colonies" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "Rare in the Coastal Zone, common in the Midland and Mountain Zones." (Shreve et al 1910) Records: "Lothian, abundant on floodplain of Rock Branch, above Sands Road, with Claytonia virginica" Higman 1386 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Sightings: Plentiful in a rich wooded swale at Truxtun Park with other non-typical wildflowers (Dutchman's breeches & Virginia bluebells). D. H. Williams stated 4/12/90 that the trout lilies have multiplied very rapidly; therefore, they must be of recent origin, almost certainly planted by a wildflower enthusiast. Another site where transplanted specimens (from the Patuxent) have spread and become naturalized is on a south-facing slope under large tuliptrees gardened by Mrs. Carl Ortman, Rt. 648 & Old Frederick Road, Arnold (4/22/1996). Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993). 387. Helonias bullata L. 1753. B&B.325 (Swamp Pink) Native perennial. Erect pink raceme above rosette of evergreen basal leaves. Habitat: "Wet places" (Gray 1867). "Confined to pine barren habitats" (Shreve et al 1910, p. 86). "It prefers the seclusion of almost inaccessible stream beds, where it flourishes on little hummocks just above water level". (Edgerton, 1936 Natural History Society of Maryland Bulletin). "Swamps and bogs" (Brown & Brown 1984). Sphagnous wet places. Frequency: "Rare and local" (Gray 1867). No Maryland stations known to Shreve et al 1910 - see p. 86,87. Only one Md. station (A. A. Co. 1952) noted by Broome et al Dec. 1979. In 1990 two stations were extant in Cecil Co., and two in upper A. A. Co. Heritage Rating: 1988: A2 (Nationally threatened, in danger of extinction rangewide). 1991: Endangered; Federal LT (Threatened). 2001: S2 (State rare) Endangered. Records: (1) In a floodplain meadow near "Forest Home" (Plitt 5/2/03, 4/29/05). This was probably the one Md. station (A. A. Co. 1952) noted by Broome et al (Dec. 1979). Extant in 1958 (See Haven Kolb, Maryland Naturalist 1958). Photographed for Maryland Naturalist by Charles Stine in 1964, according to Gene Cooley. See Reveal & Broome 1982: "The one Anne Arundel site where the plant was found in 1952 (Worthley, pers. comm., 1979, 1981; Kolb, pers. comm., 1979) has since been developed and the habitat destroyed." Rucker believes he located the site on Marley Creek Branch in March 1990. Stormwater runoff from apartment buildings has greatly eroded the upstream ravine, and a large alluvial fan has covered the floodplain meadow. No plants were seen in the dense, very wet shrub-swamp downstream. Also see Sipple 1999, pp.340-342. (2) A station found "in the swamp near Stony Run below Elkridge" by Plitt in 1904 (See Fessenden, Wildflower, July 1955, p.53) is thought to be the one relocated by Wayne A. Klockner about 1984. It is in a sphagnous lowland woods of pitch pine, ash, and red maple on BWI Airport property. Clearing of the site by the BWI authorities was narrowly avoided. (3) Stony Creek: Noted by C. C. Plitt, 1906 (Sipple 1999, p.345). Rediscovered by Nancy Kelly in 1988, while surveying the property for a new residential development. The site is a wooded sphagnous lowland of red maple and pitch pine on the watershed of Stony Creek, off Solley Road. This station has 200 or more plants along a tiny stream. Extensive bulldozing of the adjoining upland woods was underway on 4/12/90. (4) At the headwaters of Stony Run in Severn, a small privately-owned station was discovered ca. 1991. Near Cedar Drive, in Severn Ridge, it was reported (The Capital, August 1993) to be threatened by a proposed sewer-line project. (5) Three small patches near Waterford Branch above Elvaton Road 11/3/1989 by Wm. S. Sipple (Sipple 1993). 388. Hemerocallis fulva L. 1762. Shr.416, B&B.335 (Common Day Lily, Orange Day Lily, Tawny Day-lily) Perennial herb. Native of China, introduced from Europe. Many local plants have additional lobes within the six-parted corolla, and are, presumably, an old-fashioned selection. Habitat: "Roadsides and borders of thickets" (Stieber 1971). Frequency: "Throughout the state; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Common escape from cultivation. Records: Ivy Neck, infrequent near old house north of entrance road; persistent after cultivation; Higman 961 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989). Beachwood Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed: Rucker property, in poplar woods. Hopkins Creek watershed under powerline. Poplar woods, Kass tract, Bay Ridge 10/6/90. Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971). 389. Lilium canadense L. 1753. Shr.416, B&B.337 (Canada Lily, Wild Yellow Lily) Native herb; flowers drooping; leaves whorled, with rough margins. Habitat: "Moist meadows and bogs" (Gray 1968). "In swamps, meadows and fields" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Moist soil of fields and thickets (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "Rare on the Coastal Plain; infrequent elsewhere" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Margin of bog at Glenburnie (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910; p.185). 390. Lilium superbum L. 1762. Shr.416, B&B.337 (Turk's Cap Lily) Native perennial herb; flowers drooping; leaves whorled, smooth. Habitat: "Rich low grounds" (Gray 1867). "In moist open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). "In meadows and marshes" (Britton & Brown 1913). Frequency: "Throughout the state; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: Round Bay Bog (Sipple & Klockner 1984). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Floodplain of upper Waterford Branch 4/30/1993 (Sipple 1999, p.343). Sightings: Under power line at Nevamar (Longbottom, pc 1991). Severn Run NEA between Dicus Mill Rd. & New Cut Rd. 391. Maianthemum canadense Desf. 1807. B&B.343 [Unifolium canadense (Desf.) Greene 1888] Shr.417 (Smilacina bifolia var. canadensis A. Gray 1856) (Canada Mayflower, False Lily-of-the-valley) Low (2-5 in.) native perennial herb. Habitat: "Moist woods" (Gray 1867). "In moist woods and thickets" (Britton 1901). Records: (1) Near Forest Home, with Helonias (Plitt 5/2/03, 4/29/05); site thought to have been located on Marley Creek Branch, no plants seen 1990. (2) Stony Run, with Helonias; C. C. Plitt (Sipple 1999, p.347). (3) Waterford branch below Rt. 2, 8/26/1989 (Sipple 1993). (4) Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary 5/1/1992 (Sipple 1993).
392. Medeola virginiana L. 1753. Shr.418, B&B.347 (Indian Cucumber-root) Slender erect native herb, 1-2 ft. tall; leaves in one or two whorls. Habitat: "In moist woods and thickets" (Britton 1901). Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: No locale, 5/18/1878, John D. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Lothian, infrequent on margin of upland and floodplain of Rock Branch, above Sands Road, Higman 1375 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Lake Waterford 5/22/1990, Longbottom 607 (AACC). Beachwood Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Mill Creek (McCann property). Lower Plum/Gumbottom Branch 10/15/88. A. A. Community College Woods (Longbottom pc 1991). Vicinity Round Bay Bog (Longbottom pc 1991). Herbaria: CBC. AACC. US (Stieber 1971). 393. Ornithogalum umbellatum L. 1753. Shr.417, B&B.339 (Star-of-Bethlehem) Small perennial herb introduced from Europe; leaves linear, flowers erect, white. Habitat: "In fields and meadows" (Britton 1901). "In cultivated grounds" (Shreve et al 1910). Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "A weed...in lawns, fields, meadows and unsuspected places" (Jaques 1959). Records: St. James Church, in disturbed clay ground near a field 5/21/1966, Stieber 134 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, solitary along survey baseline in "poison ivy field", Higman 1146 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Poplar Ridge Park (Longbottom 1991). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property, Lots 705, 706). Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971). 394. Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. 1817. Shr.418, B&B.347 (Convalleria biflora Walt. 1788) [Salomonia biflora (Walt.) Britton] (Small Solomon's Seal) Native herb, leaves smooth above and below. Note that earlier manuals hold that P. biflorum is "sometimes smooth", or "pubescent beneath", a description now accomodated by P. pubescens. Habitat: "In woods and thickets" (Britton 1901). "Dry to moist, often rocky, woods and thickets." (Grimm 1968). Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: College Creek Woods (Williams 1986a). Sawmill Pond 8/26/1989 (Sipple 1993). Back Creek watershed (SPCA property - Williams 1989). Beachwood Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Longbottom 1991). Sightings: Rock Branch floodplain (Higman, margin note on 1977 study). Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Truxtun Park. Rays Pond watershed (woods above Iliffs pond 4/23/91). 395. Polygonatum canaliculatum (Muhl.) Pursh B&B.347 (Polygonatum giganteum Dietr. 1835) [Polygonatum commutatum (R.& S.) Dietr. 1835] Shr.418 (Convallaria commutatum R.& S.) (Salmonia commutata Farwell) (Great Solomon's Seal, Smooth Solomon's Seal) Arching native herb, 2-6 ft.; leaves glabrous both sides, 7-19 nerved. Habitat: "Meadows and river-banks" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In moist forests" (Shreve et al 1910). "In moist woods and along streams, rarely in dry soil" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Rich, moist woods and swampy thickets" (Grimm 1968).
(Convalleria racemosa L. 1753) [Vagnera racemosa (L.) Morong. 1894] Shr.417 (False Solomon's-seal, False Spikenard, Wild Spikenard) Native perennial herb.
397. Smilax ecirrhata (Engelm.) S. Wats. 1890. B&B.355 [Smilax ecirrhatus (Engelm.) S. Wats. ex A. Gray 1890] (Coprosmanthus herbaceus var. ecirrhata Engelm. 1850) (Upright Smilax, Upright Greenbrier) Native herb without prickles.
398. Smilax glauca Walt. 1788. Shr.418, B&B.19 (Smilax spinulosum J. E. Smith 1843) Md. specimens of S. glauca are probably var. leurophylla Blake; var. glauca occurs from Va. southward. (Glaucous Greenbrier, Glaucous-leaved Greenbrier, Cat Greenbrier) Prickly native woody vine.
Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary 5/1/1992 (Sipple 1993). Sightings: College Creek Woods. Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (As var. leurophylla; Stieber 1971). DBT: Smilax hederacea B&B: Not listed. Doubtful. This unknown taxon may be an error for S. herbacea.
399. Smilax herbacea L. 1753. Shr.418, B&B.355 (Coprosmanthus herbaceus Kunth 1850) (Carrion Flower) Native perennial herbaceous vine without prickles. Habitat: Rich moist soil. "In woods and thickets" (Britton 1901). Frequency: "Throughout the state; infrequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: Java Farm, solitary by old entrance road in mature hardwood forest, Higman 699 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Waterford Branch below Rt. 2 on 8/26/1989 (Sipple 1993). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Truxtun Park, east of pool. Herbaria: CBC. 400. Smilax pseudo-china L. B&B.353 (Smilax tamnifolia Michx.) Shr.418 (Halberd-leaved Greenbrier, Long-stalked Greenbrier, False China-root) Native unarmed climbing or upright herb.
401. Smilax rotundifolia L. 1753. Shr.418, B&B.21 (Common Greenbrier) Native woody vine with stout prickles.
Governors Bridge gravel pits (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker, Berry properties). Severn Run Environmental Area. College Creek Woods 9/14/90. Woods between Herndon Road & Blackwalnut Creek, Bay Ridge 10/6/90. Herbaria: CBC. LCU (Stieber 1971). 402. Smilax walteri Pursh. 1814. Shr.418, B&B.21 (Red-berried Greenbrier, Walter's Greenbrier) Native woody vine with prickles near base; coral-red berries. Habitat: "In wet soil, pine-barrens..." (Britton 1901). "Pine-barrens" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). Heritage Rating: 1988: B3 (State rare). 1991: Endangered. Records: (1) Glenburnie bog (C. E. Waters 1905). "Anne Arundel County, Patapsco River (Charles C. Plitt)" (perhaps no longer in A. A. Co.) (Shreve et al 1910). (2) Cypress Creek Cedar Swamp: C. C. Plitt 7/23/1904 (Sipple 1999, p.355). Extant (Sipple & Klockner 1984). (3) Blackhole Creek Bog: Dan Boone, 1985 (Sipple 1999, p.379). Sightings: Swamp at SW corner Boyd Pond by Gene Cooley 1987, and Longbottom 12/6/91 (Longbottom pc 1991). 403. Stenanthium gramineum (Ker) Morong 1894 B&B.327 [Stenanthium angustifolium (Ker) Kunth 1843] [Veratrum angustifolium (Ker) Pursh 1814] (Helonias graminea Ker 1813) (Featherbells, Grass-leaved Stenanthium) Tall perennial herb with long, grass-like leaves.
404. Uvularia perfoliata L. Shr.416, B&B.331 (Perfoliate Bellwort, Mealy Bellwort, Merry Bells, Straw Bell, Wild Oat). Native forked erect perennial herb. Habitat: "In moist woods and thickets" (Britton 1901). "In moist forests" (Shreve et al 1910). Frequency: "Throughout the state; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: 1.1 mi. s. of Odenton P.O. 5/3/1970, Danny Bystrak MARY #026628. Java Farm, infrequent in mature mixed hardwood forest west of Muddy Creek north fork and south of old entrance road, Higman 1247 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Community College Woods 4/27/90, Longbottom 541 (AACC). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Sightings: Rays Pond watershed (along woods road to Iliffs Pond 4/23/91). Vicinity Round Bay Bog 1991 (Longbottom pc). Herbaria: CBC. MARY. AACC. 405. Uvularia sessilifolia L. 1753 Shr.416, B&B.331 (Okesia sessilifolia S. Wats. 1879) (Sessile-leaved Bellwort, Straw Lily) Forked erect perennial herb.
(1) Near Forest Home with Helonias. (Plitt 5/2/1903, 4/29/05). Site thought to have been on upper reach of Marley Creek Branch. (2) Stony Run with Helonias. C. C. Plitt (Sipple 1999, p.347). (3) Lake Waterford tributary with Helonias. (Sipple 1999, p.347). (4) Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).
406. Veratrum viride Ait. Shr.416, B&B.331 (White Hellebore, American White Hellebore) Large leafy perennial herb. Habitat: "In swamps and wet woods" (Britton 1901). "In moist forests and swamps" (Shreve et al 1910). Frequency: "Common in Garrett County; rare on the Coastal Plain." (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Near Brooklyn (A. A. Co.? Plitt 4/12/1899). Sightings: Anne Arundel Community College woods, probably behind barn 1991 (Longbottom pc). 407. Yucca filamentosa L. 1753. B&B.341 (Adam's Needle) Native.
408. Dioscorea batas Dcne. B&B.357 (Cinnamon Vine, Potato Vine, Chinese Yam) Herbaceous twining vine introduced from China and naturalizing. Records: Sawmill Pond 8/11/1989 (Sipple 1993). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property; very plentiful in moist woods). 409. Dioscorea quaternata (Walt.) J. F. Gmel. B&B.357 (Four-leaved Wild Yam) Native herbaceous perennial twining vine with whorled leaves. Habitat: Rich moist open woods and thickets. Records: Java Farm, infrequent in mature hardwood forest south of old entrance road and in ravines on south slope above Muddy Creek tidal channel, Higman 1210 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property, lot 728). Charles Monroe property, Winchester. Rays Pond watershed (woods near Iliffs Pond 4/23/91). Herbaria: CBC. 410. Dioscorea villosa L. 1953. Shr.419, B&B.357 (Wild Yam-root, Atlantic Yam) Native perennial herbaceous vine. Habitat: "In moist thickets" (Britton 1901). Wet open woods and swampy thickets. Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: Head of the Magothy R. vining to a ht. of 4 m. on small trees at the edge of a thicket 1921, no name (US) (Stieber 1967). Severn Run above Dicus Mill 6/29/1989 Longbottom 194 (AACC). Jug Bay wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Swamp at SW corner Boyd Pond 12/6/91 (Longbottom pc). Sightings: Sewell Spring Branch (path crossing). Truxtun Park. Corcoran tract at Sandy Point 6/18/88. Lower Gumbottom/Plum Branch 10/15/88. Near Severn Run at Dicus Mill Road, Jan. 1990. Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993). AACC. US (Stieber 1971). 35. Amaryllidaceae (Amaryllis Family) 411. Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville 1894. Shr.418, B&B.361 (Hypoxis erectum L. 1759) (Ornithogalum hirsutum L. 1753) (Yellow Stargrass) Small native bulbous herb.
412. Narcissus poeticus L. B&B.359 (Poet's Narcissus) Introduced from Europe. Persists briefly after cultivation. Habitat: "Meadows" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). Records: Java Farm, solitary in yard of old house on hilltop at north boundary, Higman 601 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971). 413. Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. 1753. B&B.359 (Daffodil) Introduced from Europe, persistent after cultivation, establishing in meadows and floodplains. "Flowers often double" (Britton 1901).
ADD: Iris sp. (Iris, species unknown)
414. Iris germanica L. B&B.365 (Fleur-de-lis, Flag, Iris) Pale violet flowered European native.
415. Iris pseudacoris L. B&B.365 (Yellow Iris, Yellow Flag, Water Flag) Large hardy garden flower. Native of Europe. Stem 2-4 ft. Leaves to 4 or even 6 ft. Bright yellow beardless flowers. Habitat: In marshes, and along watercourses throughout Europe and Russian Asia, except the extreme north" (Bentham & Hooker VII; 1924) "Usually in swamps or marshes" (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "An infrequent escape; reported from Harford County" (Brown & Brown 1984). "In gardens...the seeds...sow themselves and become a weedlike nuisance" (Wilkinson 1943). Records: Lake Waterford Park (Longbottom 1993). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker’s swamp near spillway at county road) 5/27/2002; source unknown. 416. Iris verna L. 1753. Shr.419, B&B.365 (Dwarf Iris, Spring Iris) Blue-flowered native perennial herb. Habitat: "On shaded hillsides and in woods" (Britton 1901). "In moist forests on sandy soil" (Shreve et al 1910). "Wooded hillsides" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "Dry acidic sands or damp areas" (Stieber 1971). Frequency: "Coastal Zone; infrequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Now rare. Heritage Rating: 1988: B2 (Highly state rare). 1991: Endangered. Records: (1) Along a woods path to Glen Burnie Bog (Plitt 4/22/1899, 5/1/1906)(see Sipple 1999, p.338). Glenburnie bog (C. E. Waters 1905). "Glenburnie (Robert K. Miller)" (Shreve et al 1910). Margin of Glenburnie Bog (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910; p.185). (2) Curtis Bay (A. A. Co.? Plitt 5/13/1899). (3) Marley (Plitt 7/19/1899). Marley area, C. C. Plitt 5/3/1904, 5/5/1905 (Sipple 1999, p.338). (4) Odenton 5/15/1918, 5/20/1928 W. J. McAtee (US) (Stieber 1967). (5) Between Lake Waterford and Elvaton, C. C. Plitt 4/29/1922 (Sipple 1999, p.338). (6) "Along a transmission line on east side of Solley Road...over 500 flowering stems" 4/24/1998; only site now known on Maryland's Upper Coastal Plain. (Sipple 1999, p.340).
417. Iris versicolor L. 1753. Shr.419, B&B.365 (Iris virginica L. 1753) (Larger Blue Flag, Water Flag) Native perennial herb. Habitat: "Wet places" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In marshes, thickets and wet meadows" (Britton 1901). Frequency: "Throughout the state; being most common in fresh marshes and swamps im the Coastal Zone" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: Furnace Branch (Plitt 4/22/1899). Marley shore (Plitt 6/17/1899). Between Glen Burnie & Marley (Plitt 7/1/1899). Four county fresh-marsh stations mapped by Sipple 1978. Cypress Creek Savanna (Sipple & Klockner 1980). Severn Run 4/27/1983 (Sipple 1993). Picture Spring Branch: Nevamar Pond (Ecological Analysts 1983). Back Creek watershed, considered an escape (Williams 1989). Beachwood Park, also Marley Creek Swamp (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Sightings: Margin of Sullivan Cove Marsh. Stevens Creek. Sackett/Calvin Gray property at Rock Cove. 418. Sisrhinchium angustifolium Miller 1768. B&B.363 (Sisrhinchium montanum Greene 1899) (Common Blue-eyed-grass, Pointed Blue-eyed-grass, Stout Blue-eyed-grass, Northern Blue-eyed-grass) Native perennial herb.
419. Sisrhinchium atlanticum Bicknell 1896. B&B.363 (Sisrhinchium apiculatum Bicknell 1899) (Atlantic Blue-eyed-grass, Eastern Blue-eyed-grass) Native perennial herb.
(LCU). (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971). 420. Sisrhinchium graminoides Bicknell 1896. Shr.419, B&B.363 Habitat: "In moist forests and open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). "In grassy places, in moist or dry soil, sometimes in woods" (Britton & Brown 1913). Frequency: "Coastal and Midland Zone; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common throughout" (Brown & Brown 1984). Records: Patuxent Community Pond, moist sandy pond edge 6/14/1966, Stieber 142 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). 37. Orchidaceae (Orchis Family) 421. Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Willd.) Torr. 1826. B&B.379 (Cymbidium hyemale Muhl. ex Willd. 1805) [Aplectrum spicatum (Walt.) B. S. P. 1888] Shr.421 (Aretusa spicata Walt. 1788) (Putty-root, Adam-and-Eve) Native perennial herb with a single strongly-veined leaf green beneath. Habitat: "Rich woods" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In woods and swamps" (Britton 1901). "Rich woods" (Brown & Brown 1984). Rich low moist hardwood forests and moist ravines. Frequency: "Garrett County, Lower Midland, Cecil and Talbot Counties, frequent" (Brown & Brown 1984). Habitat sensitive; probably county rare. Records: South Beach, rich woods 5/28/1922, E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (periodic appearances of up to fourteen plants at Ruckers Ravine; four seen 4/1991). Rays Pond watershed (one plant near house in swale at Glen Oban). Mill Creek watershed (ravine leading from junction of Arnold Road and Rt. 648, according to Williams 4/12/1990). A. A. Co. Community College woods, south end (Williams, pc 4/12/1990). Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971). 422. Calopogon tuberosus BSP. [Calopogon pulchellus (Salisb.) R. Br. 1813] B&B.372 [Calopogon pulchellus (Sw.) R. Brown] (Limodorum tuberosum L. 1753) Shr.421 (Limodorum pulchellum Salisb. 1796) (Cathea tuberosa Morong) (Grass Pink). Habitat: "In open bogs and meadows" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "Sphagnum bogs or wet shores and meadows" (Brown & Brown 1984). Acid bogs, peaty meadows, sphagnum swamps, low pinelands. Frequency: "Infrequent" (Brown & Brown 1984). Heritage Rating: 1988: B2 (highly state rare). 1991: Endangered. 1994: S1 - Highly State Rare. Endangered. Records: "Border of a swamp 7/13/1901, C. C. Plitt 14 (US)(Reed 1964), (Stieber 1967). Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971). ADD: Corallorhiza sp. (Coral-root)
(Cymbidium odontorhizon Willd. 1805) (Autumn Coralroot, Small Coralroot, Late Coral-root) Native herb.
424. Corallorhiza wisteriana Conrad 1829. Shr.421, B&B.379 (Wister's Coral-root) Native herb lacking chlorophyll.
425. Cypripedium acaule Aiton 1789. Shr.419, B&B.369 [Fissipes acaulis (Ait.) Small 1903] (Pink Lady's Slipper, Moccasin Flower, Stemless Lady's Slipper). Two-leaved stemless native herb.
(Robinson & Fernald 1908). Loose, humus-rich, highly acidic woodland soils of low fertility. Mature sandy oak or pine woods. Frequency: "Coastal and Midland Zones; common in the Coastal Zone, less frequent in the Midland" (Shreve et al 1910). County-wide; probably most numerous on the Magothy Formation, and sandy hillside terraces on the Aquia. Records: Curtis Bay (A. A. Co.? Plitt 5/13/1899). "In a sandy woods, A. A. Co., 5/12/1900. C. C. Plitt (US)" (Reed 1964, Stieber 1967). Below Lake Waterford (Plitt 4/29/1905). "Marley 5/5/1906, A. E. Bussey (Reed Herb. 41287)" (Reed 1964). "Elvaton 5/9/1925, F. H. Burner (Reed Lib.)" (Reed 1964). "Crain Highway, N of Severn Run 10/14/1945, Reed 3765" (Reed 1964). "Woods along Chesterfield Road near North River & Rt US No. 50, 7/22/1951, Reed 26366" (Reed 1964). Java Farm, infrequent in moist mature forest of "western triangle" and on north slope of ridge above Phalaris meadow; Ivy Neck, infrequent on road to Corn Island, Higman 476, 669 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Waterford Branch below Rt. 2: 8/26/1989 (Sipple 1993). Pasadena Road gravel pit area 5/18/1990 (Sipple 1993). Marley Creek nr. Forest Home 8/9/1991. (Sipple 1993). Beachwood Park, Jacobsville Park, Poplar Ridge Park, Lake Waterford Park (Longbottom 1991). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Near pond near Shipleys Choice 5/17/1992 (Sipple 1993). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker, Berry, Iliff properties). Rays Pond watershed (near Iliffs Pond). Herbaria: CBC. REED. US (Stieber 1971). 426. Cypripedium acaule Aiton forma albiflorum Rand & Redfield B&B: forma not listed. (White-flowered Mocassin Flower)
427. Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. B&B.374 (Orchis spectabilis L. 1753) Shr.419 [Galeorchis spectabilis (L.) Rydb. ex Britton 1901] (Showy Orchis)
428. Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Brown 1813. B&B.381 (Neottia pubescens Willd. 1805) [Peramium pubescens (Willd.) MacM. 1892] Shr.420 [Peramium pubescens (Willd.) Salisb.] [Epipactus pubescens (Willd.) A. A. Eaton 1908] (Downy Rattlesnake-plantain) Low evergreen herb.
429. Hexalectris spicata (Walt.) Barnhart 1904. B&B.379 (Arethusa spicata Walt. 1788) [Bletia aphylla (Walt.) Nutt. 1818] (Crested Coral-root)
430. Isotria verticillata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf. 1808. B&B.369 (Arethusa verticillata Muhl. ex Willd. 1805) [Pogonia verticillata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt. 1818] Shr.420 (Whorled Pogonia, Five-leaved Orchid) Superficially resembles Indian cucumber-root. Habitat: "In dry forests, preferring sandy soil" (Shreve et al 1910). "In moist woods" (Britton & Brown 1913). Acidic woods. Colonies spread by root-shoots. In old fields, according to Wierenga (personal note by Klockner, ca. 1979). Frequency: "Throughout the state" (Shreve et al 1910). Scarce in Anne Arundel. Records: (1) "Glen Burnie, 5/7/1892, Wm. F. Wallis (Reed Lib.)" (Reed 1964). (2) Curtis Bay (A. A. Co.? Plitt 5/13/1899). (3) "Sandy Woods, 5/6/1900, Chas. C. Plitt 13 (US)" (Reed 1964, Stieber 1967). (4) "Marley, 5/5/1906, A. E. Bussey (Reed Herb. 29669)" (Reed 1964). (5) Severn Run at Gambrills Road (tentative ident.) June 1987 (Sipple 1993). (6) Jacobsville Park (Longbottom 1991). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property, Lot 725, colony of 78 plants. 21 in bloom 5/3/90). Reported near Davidsonville by David H. Williams. Herbaria: REED, US. 431. Liparis lilifolia (L.) L. C. Richard 1825 B&B.383 [Leptorchis lilifolia (L.) Kuntze] Shr.421 (Malaxis lilifolia Swartz) (Ophrys lilifolia L. 1753) (Large Twayblade) Two leaves; smooth, lustrous, basal. Flowers 5-15, lavender-purple.
432. Listera australis Lindl. 1840. B&B.385 [Ophrys australis (Lindl.) House 1905] (Southern Twayblade) Habitat: "In bogs" (Britton 1901). "Shady woods" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). Low, moist woodlands. Frequency: Reed 1964, indicated that this orchid had been found but twice in Md., (P. G. Co. & St. Mary's Co.); Reveal & Broome 1981 added that its existence was uncertain. Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State declining). 1991: Watchlist. Sightings: Plentiful in slightly sphagnous lowland sweetgum stand, Sandpiper Drive, Annapolis Neck, by D. H. Williams 4/12/90. 433. Platanthera blephariglottis (Willd.) Lindl. (Orchis blephariglottis Willd. 1805.) [Habenaria blephariglottis (Willd.) Torr. 1826] Shr.420 [Habenaria blephariglottis (Willd.) Hook. 1824.] B&B.375 [Blephariglottis blephariglottis (Willd.) Rydb. ex Britton 1901] (White-fringed Orchid, White-fringed Orchis)
434. Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindl. (Orchis ciliaris L. 1753.) [Habenaria ciliaris (L.) R. Brown 1813.] Shr.420, B&B.375 [Blephariglottis ciliaris (L.) Rydb. ex Britton 1901] (Yellow-fringed Orchid, Yellow-fringed Orchis) Habitat: "In meadows" (Britton 1901) "Peaty bogs and meadows" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). Acid swamps, in sandy soil. Frequency: "Coastal and Midland Zones; infrequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State declining). 1991: Threatened. Sightings: (1) Near Round Bay, at "the swamp" (Plitt 7/29/1899); this was, no doubt, Cypress Creek; see Sipple 1999, p.354. "Magothy Creek...16 specimens" [Cypress Creek] C.C.Plitt 7/23/1904; see Sipple 1999, p.355. Cypress Creek Bog 8/18/1960, N. Hotchkiss & E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). "Cedar swamp, head of Cypress Creek 8/15/1978, William Sipple #1891" (MARY 44532). Cypress Creek Savanna (Sipple & Klockner 1980, 1984). "Found one specimen" 8/13/1998 (Sipple 1999, p.369). (2) "Bank of R.R., low ground, Annapolis 7/11/1905, M. A. Chrysler" (MARY 027043). (3) Arden Bog 1998 (Sipple 1999, p.382). Sightings: Sullivan Cove cedar swamp. Herbaria: MARY. US (Stieber 1971). 435. Platanthera clavellata (Michx.) Luer. (Orchis clavellata Michx. 1803.) [Habenaria clavellata (Michx.) Spreng. 1826.] Shr.419, B&B.375 [Gymnadeniopsis clavellata (Michx.) Rydb. ex Britton 1901] (Small Green Wood Orchis, Green Woodland Orchid, Club-spur Orchid) Habitat: "Bogs and moist soil" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In moist forests, swamps and bogs" (Shreve et al 1910). Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: "Near Curtis Bay 12/11/1893, Adam Steitz (US)" (Reed 1964). "Glen Burnie 7/18/1894, C. E. Waters (US)" (Reed 1964). Near Round Bay (Plitt 7/29/1899). "A. A. Co. 7/26/1902, C. C. Plitt 6 (US)" (Reed 1964). NE of Bowie, in a swamp on Patuxent R. 7/4/1928, E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). Sightings: Just below north end of "dam" at Cypress Creek Cedar Swamp (7/22/83, tentative identification, not relocated). Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971). 436. Platanthera cristata (Michx.) Lindl. [Blephariglottis cristata (Michx.) Raf. 1836] [Habenaria cristata (Michx.) R. Br. 1813] Shr.420, B&B.375 (Orchis cristata Michx. 1803) (Crested Yellow Orchis) Habitat: "In bogs" (Britton 1901). "Peaty bogs and meadows" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In upland swamps and open situations with moist sandy soil" (Shreve et al 1910). Frequency: "Coastal Zone" (Shreve et al 1910). "Usually rare" (Brown & Brown 1984). Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State declining). 1991: Threatened. Records: Glenburnie bog (As B. cristata; C. E. Waters 1905). 437. Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. [Habenaria flava (L.) R. Brown 1813]. B&B.375 [Habenaria flava (L.) R. Brown ex Spreng. 1826.] [Habenaria flava (L.) A. Gray 1840] [Perularia flava (L.) Farwell 1900] [Perularia flava (L.) Rydb.] (Orchis flava L. 1753). (Pale Green Orchid, Pale Green Orchis, Southern Tubercled Rein-orchid) Anne Arundel specimens are var. flava, as opposed to the var. herbiola of Allegany, Frederick, and Garrett Counties. (Reveal & Broome 1981). Habitat: "In moist places" (Britton 1901). "Wet places" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). Neutral to subacid mucky soils. Swampy woods and bottomlands. County Occurrence: One Anne Arundel station (1949) noted by Broome et al 1979. Heritage Rating: 1988: B2 (Highly state rare). 1991: Threatened. Records: [All shown by Reed 1964 as var. herbiola (R. Br.) Ames & Correll]. Glenburnie bog (As Perularia flava; C. E. Waters 1905). "Mill Race Road, Patuxent Research refuge 6/1/1945, F. J. Hermann 11461 (USNA and US Fish & Wildlife Herb.)" (Reed 1964); apparently not seen since (Reveal & Broome 1981). Wayson's Corner, in an alluvial woods along Patuxent River, above Hills Bridge 6/26/1949, V. E. Rudd & S. White (US) (Reed 1964, Stieber 1967). Herbaria: USNA. US (Stieber 1971). 438. Platanthera lacera (Michx.) G. Don [Blephariglottis lacera (Michx.) Rydb.] [Blephariglottis lacera (Michx.) Farwell 1901] [Habenaria lacera (Michx.) Lodd. 1818] B&B.378 [Habenaria lacera (Michx.) R. Br. 1810.] Shr.420 (Orchis lacera Michx. 1803) (Ragged Fringed Orchid, Ragged Orchis, Green-fringed Orchid) Habitat: "In swamps and wet woods" (Britton 1901). "Wet or moist open ground" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). Open, sunny swamps. Records: "Glen Burnie 9/4/1893, Adam Steitz (US)" (Reed 1964). "A. A. Co., wet sandy woods 7/15/1904, Chas. C. Plitt 9 (US)" (Reed 1964, Stieber 1967). Cypress Creek Savanna (Sipple & Klockner 1980, 1984). Sightings: Gingerville Creek (personal note by Klockner ca. 1979). Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971). 439. Platanthera peramoena (A. Gray) (Habenaria peramoena A. Gray 1840.) Shr.420, B&B.378 [Blephariglottis peramoena (A. Gray) Rydb. ex Britton 1901] (Purple Fringeless Orchid, Purple Fringeless Rein-orchid)
440. Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker-Gawl. 1816. Shr.420, B&B.372 (Arethusa ophioglossoides L. 1753). (Rose Pogonia, Snake Mouth Orchid) Habitat: "In meadows and swamps" (Britton 1901). Open sphagnum bogs, swamps and acidic meadows. May spread by root-shoots. Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State declining). 1991: Watchlist. Records: (1) Cypress Creek: "Wet meadows, A. A. Co. 6/25/1904, C. C. Plitt (US)" (Reed 1964); this site was at Cypress Creek; see Sipple 1999, p.355. "Swampy ground, Round Bay 6/24/1907, A. E. Bussey (Reed Herb. 41563)" (Reed 1964); apparently Bussey accompanied C.C.Plitt, who visited the site on 6/24/1907; see Sipple 1999, p.355. C.C.Plitt 6/19/1909; see Sipple 1999, p.356. "Swampy ground, Round Bay 6/18/1910, Mr. Niepus (Reed Herb. 41562 & 41564)" (Reed 1964). "Cypress Creek near Round Bay on Magothy River 5/27/1953, Killip 43320 (US)" (Reed 1964). Cypress Creek, small colony 8/18/1960, N. Hotchkiss & E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). Cedar swamp, head of Cypress Creek 6/15/1978, William Sipple #1867 (MARY 44459). Cypress Creek Savanna (Sipple & Klockner 1980, 1984). Cypress Creek Savanna 6/26/1982, 6/25/1983 (Sipple 1993). (2) Fresh Pond: (Plitt 6/9/1906; see Sipple 1999, p.357). (3) Round Bay Bog: (Sipple & Klockner 1980, 1984). 6/26/1982 (Sipple 1993). Sightings: South end of Round Bay Bog, with W. Klockner, ca. 1977. Herbaria: REED. MARY. US (Stieber 1971). 441. Spiranthes cernua (L.) Richard. B&B.383 [Gyrostachys cernua (L.) Kuntze] Shr.420 (Nodding Ladies' Tresses) Herb. Habitat) "In meadows and swamps" (Britton 1901). "Bogs and wet land" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "Open soil, bogs, or low woods" (Brown & Brown 1984).
442. Spiranthes gracilis (Bigel.) Beck 1833. B&B.383 [Ibidium gracile (Bigel.) House 1905] (Neottia gracilis Bigel. 1824) [Gyrostachys gracilis (Bigel) Kuntze 1891] Shr.420 (Slender Ladies' Tresses). Habitat: "Dry soil" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In moist open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). Dry fields and open woods (Brown & Brown 1984). Frequency: "Coastal and Midland Zones; common" (Shreve et al 1910). County Occurrence: Reported by Wierenga (Personal note by Klockner ca. 1979). 443. Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & Gray 1845. B&B.383 [Ibidium vernale (Engelm. & Gray) House 1905] (Upland Ladies-tresses, Linear-leaved Ladies-tresses, Spring Ladies-tresses) Habitat: "Dry soil along the coast" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). Subacid loamy moist soil. Wet meadows, low swampy pastures, bogs. Records: "Bay Ridge 7/13/1897, F. H. Knowlton (US)" (Reed 1964). "Wet meadows, Anne Arundel Co. 7/9/1904, Chas. C. Plitt 16 (US)" (Reed 1964). "Mayo Beach 7/6/1946, G. R. Fessenden (ANSP)" (Reed 1964). "Open wet fields, Grays Creek, just N of Gibson Island 7/7/1951, Reed 25986" (Reed 1964). Herbaria: ANSP. REED. US (Stieber 1971). 444. Tipularia discolor (Pursh) Nuttall 1818. B&B.378 (Orchis discolor Pursh 1814.) [Tipularia unifolia (Muhl.) B.S.P. 1888] Shr.421 (Limodorum unifolium Muhl. 1813) (Cranefly Orchid, Cranefly Orchis) Habitat: "In moist and dry forests" (Shreve et al 1910). Moderately to strongly acid, humus-rich soil. Rich, moist, often somewhat sandy, mixed deciduous woods. Frequency: "Coastal Zone; infrequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Records: Round Bay (Plitt 4/8/1899). "A. A. Co. 8/7/1903, C. C. Plitt 26 (US)" (Reed 1964). "1 mi. E of Hardesty 8/3/1919, Maxon 6462 (US)" (Reed 1964). "Severn Hall near Sherwood Forest 9/21/1952, Reed 30852" (Reed 1964). "Just N of Rt. US 50 on Rt. 3, 8/19/1947, Reed 9488" (Reed 1964). Beachwood Park, Governors Bridge gravel pits (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker, Iliff properties). Rays Pond watershed (woods near Iliffs Pond 4/23/91). Belvoir (wooded ridges between house and BG&E r/w). Whitehall Creek (near Gov. Sharpe's Millpond). Truxtun Park 4/12/90. Kass tract at Bay Ridge 10/6/90. Round Bay Bog 2/1/90 (Longbottom, pc 1991). Deciduous swamp at Boyd Pond 12/6/91 (Longbottom pc). Downs Park (Longbottom pc 1991). Luce Creek watershed: Belle Grove property 1/7/1995. Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993). REED. US (Stieber 1971). Directory: corner corner -> Cornerstone Tutorial, Inc. 2012. 2013 Directory corner -> Environmental Engineering Services Download 4.23 Mb. Share with your friends:
|