Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus: 1- Fasting blood glucose level (normal: 70 – 110 mg/dl) ▪ The patient should be fasting completely 6 hours before test. ▪ Fasting blood glucose level < 110 mg/dl rule out diagnosis of diabetes. ▪ Fasting blood glucose level > 126 mg/dl suggests diabetes mellitus. 2- Two Random blood glucose level (normal: < 200 mg/dl) ▪ Random blood glucose level > 200 mg/dl suggest diabetes mellitus. ▪ Associated with clinical manifestations of DM (Polyuria, polydipsia & polyphagia) Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) & Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG): - People with IGT are normoglycemic most of the time but can become hyperglycemic after large glucose loads. - People with IFG have increased fasting blood glucose levels but usually have normal levels following food consumption. - IGT and IFG are risk factors for future diabetes. Approximately 30-40% of individuals with IGT and IFG will develop type 2 diabetes within 10 years. - The pathophysiology of IFG and IGT is related primarily to increased insulin resistance whereas endogenous insulin secretion is normal inmost pts. Uncontrolled diabetic (pseudomembranous candidiasis) Periodontal abscess.
