Education resource centre

- Meaning and objectives

- Importance of store management

- Functions of store manager

- Characteristics of store management

- Customer services:- meaning, types and benefits.

Students participate in the discussion.

Planning/organizing – meaning and benefits

- Leading/directing and controlling meaning and benefit

- Staffing – meaning/stages involve in staff recruitment

illustrates functions with examples in the

Student environment. Students participate

in the discussion and ask questions.

Visit a typical store that operate base on

Managerial function.

- Meaning/factors that affect store establishment

- Competition and types of business.

- Size of business

Students take note of the explanation and also participate in the discussion.

Charts showing factors to be considered in establishing a store.

- Security and capital

- Experience

- Source of supply.

- Concept of retailing :- meaning and functions.

- Factors to be considered in setting up a trade

- Types of retail trade

Students note explanation and participate.

- Self-service and branding

- Automatic vending

- Pre-packaging and e-retail sales

Students participate and attempt identifying the differences. Visit to a standard store or organization where self-service, branding, automatic vending, etc is in operation.

- Meaning of wholesaling and wholesaler

- Functions of a wholesaler to the manufacturer and retailer.

- Types of wholesaler.

Students note and participate in the discussion.

- Meaning of ware housing and ware house, and types of ware house.

- Importance of ware house.

- Problems that affect the siting of ware house

Visit a typical ware house in your locality

or take a trip.

- Meaning and means of

transportation:-land, water, air and

pipeline

- Land – benefits and problems

- Water – benefits and problems

Students participate and ask questions.

Take a trip to any airport, seaport etc.

Charts showing types transportation.

- Air and pipeline - benefits and

problems

- Factors that determine the means

of transportation: cost, risk,

distance, etc.

- Documents used in the various

means of transportation – Airway

bill, bill of lading, etc.

transportation e.g. bus ticket, airway bill, bill of lading, etc.

- Revision of first term examination

- Stock control – meaning of stock, control and reasons for holding stock,

- Types of stock:

i) Work in progress

ii) Consumable materials

iii) Finished goods

explain the meaning of stock and stock

control, reason for holding stock and

types of stock.

Students listen, note and ask questions.

Past question paper, charts showing

types of stock.

- Maintenance materials and components

- Types of stock record – bin card, stock card

- Stock requisition form, purchasing and the issuing procedure.

Stock records – stock card, bin card, stock list

- Manual method:

i) Perpetual method

ii) Periodic method

- Benefits and problems of each.

- Continuous stock tally:

i) Computerized methods

ii) Meaning, benefits and problems

- Stock accounting and verification:

purpose, procedure and reason for stock discrepancies.

- Maximum level – benefits and problems-Minimum level – benefits and problems Reorder levels – benefits and problems- First in first out (FIFO) – benefits and problems, factors to be considered.

Students participate in listing the benefits and problems.

- Last – In – First – Out (LIFO) – meaning and benefit

- Problems of LIFO

- Factors to be considered.

Students listen and ask questions

- Meaning and objectives

- Types of pricing method:

i) market skimming

ii) product line and their benefit and

problems.

- Factors influencing pricing decision

Students participate in the discussion of types of pricing.

List prices on cardboard paper.

- 1.Mark-up and mark-down : - benefits, problems, and

- a)Target on return pricing and

- b)Variable pricing - benefits and problems.

- 2. Organizational policy

- a) Meaning of organizational policy

- b) Characteristics of policies.

- 3 Policy decision

- a) on employment

- b) Customer services

- c) Code of conduct

Chart showing code of conduct characteristics of policies.

1. a) Health and safety

b) Finances

c) Fraud

d) Recycling etc. 2. Organizational standard and culture

- Definition, explanation and form of organizational standard. e.g. Code of

3. Productivity standard: customer service, human resources standard, dress standard (Code).

Students listen and ask questions. Screen projector and laptop.

1. Quality assurance standard, marketing standard, corporate presentation, documentation of standard, benefits of using standards

2. Organizational culture

a. Meaning of organizational culture

b. Types

3. Attitude to work (b) Relationship with workers (c) Relationship with boss (d) dress code (e) Benefits of organizational culture

Teacher uses role play to explain type of

Organizational culture; attitude to customers, relationship with co-workers and boss etc. Students watch films, participate in role- play, ask questions and take notes.

Teaching Resources

-Role play

-Screen projector

-Laptop

I. Meaning, goals of communication, importance of communication, importance of communication

II. Types of communication:

1. 
   Oral- benefits & problems
   
2. 
   Written communication- benefits & problems
   
3. 
   Non- verbal- benefits & problems
   

Forms of communication

Lists types of communication, benefits and problems.

Students listen, participate and ask questions.

I. meaning & types- a. business letter b. business memo, meaning and preparation

II. business reports- meaning and preparation

III. Circular- meaning & preparation

IV. Notices- meaning & preparation

Students listen, ask questions.

Business Documents

I. Meaning, means of electronic communication (a) Fax; explain & demonstrate the use (b) Telephone; explain II.Email- explain & demonstrate (d) radio message- explain

III. Electronic money transfer- explain& demonstrate the use.

-Students listen, join in the discussion, observe the communication gadgets while on excursion and discuss in class.

Fax machine, telephone, internet etc or trip to organizations that use these means of electronic communications.

I. aspects of business law (a) sale of goods act- meaning, features, implied provisions of sale of goods act 1993.

II. Rights of the seller & buyer

III. law of contract; meaning, features of contract (a) offer & acceptance (b) consideration

-state sale of goods act

-explain contract, rights of the seller & buyer to the buyer.

-students listen, ask questions, participate in class discussion.

Chart showing features of sale of goods, rights of seller and buyers etc

I. Intention to create legal backing (d) certainty terms of agreement

II.(e)All the parties must have constructional capacity.

III.(f) The concept of the parties must be genuine (g) formalities of a contract

Students listen, note the points and ask questions.

Bring in a resource person eg a lawyer.

II. Discharge of contract (b) Circumstances in which contract can be frustrated

III. Remedies for breach of contract.

Resource person e.g. a lawyer.

I. Law of agency (a) Money duties of the principal, rights of the principal

II. Agents, meaning, characteristics and

III. Classification of agents

-Meaning, character and classification of agents.

-Students listen, ask questions.

Teaching Resources

Resource person e.g. lawyer.

II. Agency cont.

III. Duties of an agent, rights of an agent.

Chart showing duties of an agent.

II. (a).Contract of employment meaning (b) duties of an employer

III. Rights of employers

Chart showing duties of an employer, rights etc

I. Duties of an employee

II. Rights of an employee

III. Rights of a woman in employment of dismissal of employment

III. Termination of contract of employment

-Students participate, note points etc

Chart showing duties/ rights of employee

I. Meaning, reasons for government regulation of business.

II. Methods of government regulation of business.

III. Benefits of e- government

Handbook on government regulation on business.

I. Standards Organization of Nigeria (SON)- meaning, functions

II. NAFDAC- meaning & functions

III. EFCC- meaning, duties

IV. NDLEA- meaning & functions

-Students listen, ask questions.

Resource person from NAFDAC, SON, EFCC,

• 
  Introduction to office practice
  
• 
  Meaning of practice
  
• 
  Objectives of office practice
  
• 
  Importance of office practice.
  

• 
  Meaning of an office.
  
• 
  Types of office [open or large, and close or small].
  
• 
  Advantages and disadvantages of small/close office
  
• 
  Advantages/disadvantages of large/open office.
  

Resources; pictures of different diagrams of office on chalk board, charts VCD showing different office setups. Projector (electronic/OHP).

• 
  Receiving information
  
• 
  Recording informing
  
• 
  Giving information
  
• 
  Safeguarding information.
  
• 
  Processing information
  
• 
  Storing information.
  

• 
  The reception
  
• 
  The open registry
  
• 
  The store.
  

Resources; pictures of an office.

• 
  The general office
  
• 
  Mail room and its equipment.
  

• 
  Meaning
  
• 
  Objectives of office organization
  
• 
  Smooth operation
  
• 
  Realization of organizational goals
  
• 
  Sharing responsibilities
  
• 
  Reduction of fatigue.
  

Resources; pictures, slide show of organization, charts, use projector [with accessories].

• 
  Meaning
  
• 
  Types.
  

Resources; use pictures, slide show of organization.

• 
  Meaning.
  
• 
  Types
  

Resources; charts.

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  Span of control
  
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  Unity of direction/command
  
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  Unity of function
  
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  Delegation
  
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  Specialization
  

Resources; use pictures, charts for illustration.

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  Meaning, clerical staff, drivers.
  
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  Confidential secretary
  
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  Their duties.
  

Resources; pictures, charts.

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  Typist/computer operator
  
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  Messenger
  
• 
  Cleaners
  
• 
  Their duties.
  

Resources; pictures, charts.

Meaning and functions of:

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  Administration
  
• 
  Accounts/finance
  
• 
  Personnel/human resource
  
• 
  Marketing/sales.
  

Resources; use charts, pictures.

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  Purchasing department
  
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  Transport
  
• 
  Production
  
• 
  Legal and customer service.
  

Resources; use charts, pictures, projectors, (electronic or OH with accessories).

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  Meaning and importance.
  
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  Types of office equipment-; manual and electric
  
• 
  Uses and care of these machines.
  

Resources; pictures, typewriter, computer, telephone, stapler, calculators, perforators etc

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  Manual typewriter
  
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  Perforator
  
• 
  Stapler
  
• 
  Office pins and clips
  
• 
  Office cabinet
  
• 
  Office stamp
  
• 
  Trolleys.
  

Resources; use pictures, some office equipment, office pins, trolleys, office cabinet etc

• 
  Electric typewriter (word processor)
  
• 
  Computer
  
• 
  Fax machine
  
• 
  Franking machine.
  

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  Photocopier
  
• 
  Scanning machine
  
• 
  Shredding machine
  
• 
  Overhead projector
  

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  Telephone
  
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  Duplicating machine
  
• 
  Calculator
  
• 
  Dictating machine
  
• 
  Envelop sealing machine.
  

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  Automated time stamp
  
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  Dating machine
  
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  Addressing machine
  
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  Folding machine
  
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  Letter opening machine
  
• 
  Factors to be considered in selecting office equipment.
  

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  Meaning of the reception and the Receptionist.
  
• 
  Job qualities and personal qualities of a Receptionist.
  
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  His/her duties/responsibilities.
  

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  Visitors book/register, visitors slip/form
  
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  Telephone message pad, business cards, telephone directory
  
• 
  Steps in answering telephone calls.
  

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  Importance, objectives of office procedures.
  
• 
  General office procedures.
  

Booklet/manual-meaning

Contents

Steps in changing office procedures.

• 
  Meaning.
  
• 
  Types of office documents
  

1. 
   Administrative documents:
   

1. 
   Nominal roll
   
2. 
   Calendar of events
   
3. 
   Leave roster, etc.
   

2. 
   Sales documents
   
3. 
   Purchasing/stores documents.
   
4. 
   Other office documents.
   

1. 
   Letter of enquiry
   
2. 
   Quotation
   
3. 
   Catalogue,
   
4. 
   Price list,
   

5. 
   Order
   
6. 
   Delivery notes/consignment note
   
7. 
   Invoice
   
8. 
   Pro-forma invoice
   

Resources; delivery note, invoice etc.

1. 
   Credit note
   
2. 
   Debit note
   
3. 
   Statement of account
   
4. 
   Receipts.
   

1. 
   Requisition form
   
2. 
   Stores record
   
3. 
   Types of store record.
   

1. 
   Bank statement
   
2. 
   Cheque book
   
3. 
   Deposit slip
   
4. 
   Withdrawal slip.
   

2

3

5.

6.

8

9

11

12

i) definition of insurance

ii) Insurer and the insured(Policy holder)

iii) Insurance Contract(parties involved in insurance contract)

iv) Essential features of insurance contracts:-Adhesion, Disclosure, Material factors, insurable interest, and warranty.

Historical development of insurance :-

i)pre independent insurance market

ii) Post independent insurance market

iii) Local legislator for insurance

Risks :-

ii) Classification of risk

1. 
   Fundamental risk
   
2. 
   Speculative risk
   

i)Pure risk

ii)particular risk

iii)Dynamic risk

iv)Static risk, examples of risks in homes, roads and risks organization is expose to

Hazards :-

i)Definition of physical hazard in property with examples(life, motor and liability)

ii) moral hazards : landlessness, dishonesty

Hazards (cont)

i)Meaning of peril

ii) relationship between risk and peril

iii) Relationship between peril and hazard.

(distinguish between risk and hazard)

Insurable and uninsurable risks:-

i)meaning if insurable risks

( a) insurable risk in life:-

-risk of pre-mature death

-risk of disability

-risk of retirement

-risk of medical expenses etc.

b)property risks

c)liability risks: employer liability

ii)meaning of uninsurable risks with examples- earthquake, war, bad publicity, natural cause.

Etc

Functions of Insurance:

I) Primary functions- spreading of insurance risk.

ii) Secondary functions- loss prevention, security.etc.

Benefits of Insurance;-

i)Important of insurance benefits

ii) Benefit of insurance to the individual, society and business organization.

iii)Primary, secondary functions of insurance

iv) Importance of insurance (reasons why insurance should be encouraged).

Insurable interest:

i)Meaning of insurable interest

ii) Legal requirements of insurable interest.

iii) Interest (insurable interest in various classes of insurance life assurance, property.

Insurance interest(cont):

Creation of insurable interest

ii) Different between insurable contract and wagering contract.

Revision

Examination

Instructional resources of word cards

Teacher gives brief history of insurance.

Students narrate the historical development.

Instructional resources; magazine, journal.

Teachers explain the concepts students participates. Give examples of risks at home/roads.

Instructional resources:-

Chart showing road accident victims/other risks.

Teacher states classes of risks.

Students participates by giving examples of risks at home, on the road and institutions

Teacher explains the concepts with examples.

Students participates in describing hazards

Instructional resources: - Use of school environments.

Teacher states the relationship between peril and risk.

Students distinguished between the concepts.

Instructional resources: - Use of school environments.

Teacher explains with examples.

Students participate in the discussion.

Instructional resources: - Cardboard displaying insurable and uninsurable risk in a tabular form, characteristic of insurable and uninsurable in a tabular form.

Teacher guides discussion on the concepts.

Students state the differences between these concepts.

Instructional resources: - Tabular presents.

Teacher enumerates and explains benefits of insurance.

Students state with the example s the benefits of each concept.

Instructional Resources: charts.

Teacher explains the concepts, state the essentials of insurable interest.

Students give example of insurable interest in life property

Instructional Resources: -magazine, chart.

Teacher explains the concept and enumerates differences between insurable contract and wagering contract.

Students listen and take down notes.

Charts.

Revision

2

3

5

6

8

9

11

12-13

i)creation of insurable interest

ii)difference between insurance contract and wagering contract

Principles of insurance

i)utmost good faith

ii) the insured and the insurer duty of disclosure

iii)facts required to be disclosed

iv) breaches of utmost good faith, effect of a breach

v) penalties for breach of duties disclosure

Principles of insurance (cont.)

Proximate cause:-

i) Definition of proximate cause, examples.

ii) Determination of proximate cause.

iii) application of simple claims

iv)effect of proximate cause on claims

Indemnity:-

1. 
   Definition, method of providing indemnity to insurance contract
   
2. 
   Options available to insurers to execute indemnity(cash, replacement, repair, reinstatement
   
3. 
   Application of indemnity in property and liability, insurance life.
   
4. 
   Limitations of indemnity
   

Meaning of subrogation

ii)subrogation rights

iii)reasons for subrogation rights

iv)How subrogation rights arises

v) Sources of subrogation (waiver of subrogation rights):- knock for – knock agreements, third party shaving.

Contribution:-

I definition of contribution

ii. How contribution may arise (conditions required for contribution to arise.

iii. Application of contribution

Iv. Methods/Example applying contribution in a contract, modification to the principles of contribution.

Insurance practice:

i) Proposal form: Meaning and features of proposal forms. Examples (a company , personal details, property details)

ii)function and uses of proposal form

iii) Contracts where proposal forms are used: Fire, burglary/theft, personal accident and sickness, motor insurance.

Cover notes:-

i)Meaning of cover note characteristic, functions and uses of cover notes

ii)contracts where cover notes are issued

Certificate of insurance:-

Definition of certificate of insurance

ii)certificate of insurance in

-motor insurance

-Marine insurance

-employer liability

Revision

Examination

Students identify the differences.

Instructional Resources: - chart.

Teacher explains with examples

Students itemize the point required.

Instructional Resources:-charts, magazine, word cards.

Teacher explains with examples

Students itemize the point required.

Instructional Resources:-charts, magazine, word cards.

Teacher explains with illustrations the concepts.

Students write down the meaning, classifies the insurance peril.

Teacher explains with examples

Students itemize the point required.

Instructional Resources: - charts and journal.

Teacher explains, gives options/ methods of selling indemnity.

Students state its application to property and life.

Instructional Resources:- charts

Teacher explains the concepts, state how subrogation rights arises

Students give meaning of concepts.

Instructional Resources: charts

Teacher explains with examples

Students mention conditions for contribution to arise.

Instructional Resources: - charts/ word card.

Specimen of proposal form.

Teachers explain and students identify the specimen together.

Instructional Resources:- specimen of proposal form from a recognized insurance company

Teacher explains cover notes, its function sand applicable contracts where it is issued.

Students state the functions/.characteristics.

Specimen of covered notes.

Teachers explain the concepts

Students enumerate the component of the typical certificates

Instructional Resources:- specimen document

Revision

Examination

2

3

5

6

8

9.

11

12-13

i)Cover notes

ii)certificate of Insurance

iii) marine insurance

Policy document:-

i)Definition of policy document

ii)component parts of a policy documents

iii) Contraction of a policy, uses of a policy document.

Reinsurance.

i)Meaning of reinsurance, parties to reinsurance contract

ii)Forms of reinsurance

facultative and treaty

iii) functions of reinsurance

iv)Application of reinsurance

Reinsurance (Cont.)

Insurance renewal:-

i)Meaning of renewal notice, need for renewal notice

ii)Consideration at renewals

iii)Procedure of renewals

iv)Duties of the insurer, insured in processing claims

Insurance renewal( cont)

i) Legal status of renewal notice.

ii) long term agreement (LTA)

iii)The use of NCD and LTD to ensure renewal

iv) Reasons for renewal of contracts.

Insurance claims:

i)Meaning of claims notification

ii) Duties of the insured and underwriters (insurer) in claims.

Insurance claims (cont.)

i) Duties of loss Assessors and adjusters.

Insurance premium:-

i)Meaning of premium, premium in life and non life

ii)Premium loading(factor that are considered before loading a premium.

iii) How premium can be returned.

Insurance premium cont.

i)Total return of premium

ii) Reason for total return of premium.

iii)Partial return of premium

iv)Reason for partial return of premium

Revision

Students identify specimen document.

Teacher explains the concepts,

Students identify the component parts of the policy documents.

Instructional Resources: - specimen document.

Teacher explains with examples.

Students identify and state two types of reinsurance and its functions.

Instructional Resources:- word card, chart

Teacher explains with examples.

Students identify and state two types of reinsurance and its functions.

Instructional Resources:- word card, chart

Teacher explains the concepts

Students identify the duties of the parties

Instructional Resources:-specimen documents.

.Teacher explains concepts.

Students state reasons for renewals

Instructional resources : chart

Teachers explains the concepts

Students identify specimen.

Instructional resources:-Charts.

Teacher explains the concept.

Students list duties of Loss Assessors.

Charts.

Teacher makes use of table to explain the concepts.

Use of chart.

Teacher .explains the concepts.

Student enumerate reasons for partial return of premium

Use of chart, use of word card

Revision

Examination

• 
  Meaning
  
• 
  Scope functions
  
• 
  Characteristics
  
• 
  E- commerce, meaning, and functions
  

Students to participate actively in class discussion from the board.

Resources; diagrams/charts.

• 
  Historical background of commerce in Nigeria.
  
• 
  Factors affecting the growth of commerce.
  
• 
  The barter system.
  

Resources; cowries and museum materials.

• 
  Meaning
  
• 
  Classifications; industrial, commercial and services occupation.
  
• 
  Factors that determine types of occupation and employment.
  

Students participate actively in the class discussion.

Resources; a diagram illustrating types of occupation.

• 
  Meaning and types of industry (primary & secondary).
  
• 
  Commerce (aids trade).
  
• 
  Services/tertiary (direct & indirect)
  

Students copy notes.

Resources; illustrate with a diagram.

• 
  Factors determining the volume of production.
  
• 
  Factors of production ; land, labor, capital, entrepreneur.
  
• 
  Division of labour; meaning, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Limitations to division of labour.
  
• 
  Specialization and exchange.
  
• 
  Interrelationship between production, division of labour, exchange and specialization.
  

Students participate actively in their groups.

Resources; charts, eco-journals.

• 
  Meaning and types of trade.
  
• 
  Home trade
  
• 
  Foreign trade
  
• 
  Entrepot trade
  
• 
  Relationship among the different types of trade.
  

Students copy the illustration.

Resources; diagram and chart.

• 
  Characteristics and functions of retail trade, highlight the features, advantages and disadvantages of retail trade.
  
• 
  Factors to be considered before setting up retail shop.
  
• 
  Small scale retailing; hawking, mobile shops, kiosk etc
  
• 
  Meaning, characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of each.
  

Students participate actively.

Resources; charts, journals, pictures.

• 
  Store/market trader- meaning, characteristics, features, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Unit/tied shop- meaning, characteristics, features, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Reasons for survival or small scale retailers.
  
• 
  Problems of small scale retail business.
  

Students argue for and against the elimination and survival of retailers and wholesalers in trade.

Resources; charts, pictures, journals.

• 
  Super market; meaning, features, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Departmental store; meaning, features, advantages, and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Multiple/chain store; meaning, features, advantages and disadvantages.
  

Students participate fully in the discussion.

Resources; examples of supermarkets and departmental store in Nigeria.

• 
  Mail order business r firms; meaning, features, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Hyper market- meaning, features, adv. & disadvantages.
  
• 
  Variety store/one top shop- meaning, features, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Retail/whole sale co-operative society; meaning, features, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  
  

• 
  Branding –meaning, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Self services; meaning, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  After sale services- meaning, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Describe necessary documents used in home trade.
  

• 
  Vending machine; meaning, advantages, and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Reasons why retail trade may fail.