COMMERCE SS1 SECOND TERM

• 
  Meaning and functions to the;
  

1. 
   Manufacture
   
2. 
   Retailer.
   

• 
  Differences between wholesaler and retailer.
  
• 
  Channels of distribution
  
• 
  Factors to be considered before choosing a particular channel of distribution.
  

Students copy notes from the board.

Teacher illustrates with diagram the channels of distribution.

Resources; diagram, charts.

• 
  Meaning, elimination and survival of the middlemen.
  
• 
  Criticism/reasons that may warrant the elimination of middlemen.
  
• 
  Types of wholesalers.
  
• 
  Merchant wholesaler; functions and types.
  
• 
  Agent middlemen; types, brokers, manufacturers, agent and aunctioneers.
  
• 
  Commission agent, delcredere agent.
  

Students participate in argument for and against the elimination of middlemen in the chain of distribution.

• 
  Warehousing;- meaning and importance.
  
• 
  Types of warehousing, bonded warehousing.
  
• 
  State/queen’s warehousing
  
• 
  Public warehousing
  
• 
  Manufacturer’s warehousing.
  

Students participate actively in discussing of types of warehousing.

• 
  Meaning and types (bilateral and multilateral)
  
• 
  Advantages and disadvantages of foreign trade.
  
• 
  State barriers to foreign trade.
  
• 
  Differentiate between export, import and entrepot.
  
• 
  Procedures for foreign trade.
  

Students writes notes on the topic.

Resources; diagram and documents of foreign trade and brochures from custom and exercise etc

• 
  Distinguish between balance of trade and balance of payment.
  
• 
  Reasons for imposing tariffs/restrictions in foreign trade.
  

Students participate actively in the discussion.

Resources; documents used in foreign trade (samples)

• 
  Mail transfer, documentary credit, letter of hypothecation.
  
• 
  Foreign bill of exchange, travelers cheque, telegraphic transfer, etc
  
• 
  Custom and exercise functions.
  
• 
  Nigerian export promotion council;- functions.
  

• 
  Nigerian airport authority and Nigerian ports authority;- functions.
  
• 
  Nigerian export authority;- functions.
  
• 
  Commodity exchange;- meaning, types of tradeable commodities, agricultural produce, solid minerals, oil and gas. (list commodities and classify)
  
• 
  Requirements for trading, grading system, warehousing, clearing system, standardizing.
  

Students differentiates types of commodities, i.e agricultural produce, solid minerals, oil and gas.

Resources; organize excursion to airport, etc, use pictures, charts, and sample of commodities.

• 
  Types (spot, forward features), method of trading, open, outcry, electronic.
  
• 
  Benefits of commodity exchange.
  

• 
  Increase in agricultural production.
  
• 
  Stabilization in agricultural product pricing.
  
• 
  Encourage exploration of solid minerals,
  
• 
  Foreign exchange earnings,
  
• 
  Increased agricultural output and quality.
  

• 
  Constraints to commodity trading;
  

• 
  Inadequate supply
  
• 
  Poor storage
  
• 
  Bad weather
  
• 
  Ethical issues
  
• 
  Middlemen, inadequate knowledge of commodity exchange.
  

Students copy notes on commodity exchange.

Resources; pictures, charts, samples of commodities.

• 
  Differentiate between commodity and stock
  
• 
  Items traded; tangible and intangible methods of pricing.
  
• 
  Sole proprietorship; meaning, features and sources of capital, advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Partnership; meaning, types, formation and agreement.
  

Students suggest the advantages, disadvantages and the sources of capital.

Resources; journals and charts.

• 
  Sources of capital;- advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Dissolution
  

Students participate in class discussion and copy notes.

Resources; sample of partnership deed.

• 
  Types of occupation
  
• 
  Career opportunity
  
• 
  Requirements for the various careers, factors to be considered before choosing career.
  
• 
  Career hazard
  

Students listen to and ask questions.

Resources; pictures of workers at work.

• 
  Definition, formation, characteristics and history of co-operative movement.
  
• 
  Types of co-operative societies;
  
• 
  Consumer co-operative
  

• 
  Producer cooperative
  
• 
  Wholesaler cooperative
  
• 
  Retailer cooperative
  
• 
  Thrift and credit societies
  
• 
  Multi-purpose.
  

Students participate actively in the class discussion.

Resources; co-operative society’s constitution.

• 
  Advantages, disadvantages, and problems of co-operative societies in Nigeria.
  
• 
  Public enterprises; meaning, formation, management and sources of capital.
  

Students participate actively in the class discussion.

Resources; co-operative society’s constitution.

• 
  Reasons for government ownership of public enterprises.
  
• 
  Advantages and disadvantages of public enterprises.
  
• 
  Discuss various types of public enterprises and their methods of formation.
  

Students identify public enterprises in their locality.

Resources; memorandum and article of association.

• 
  Meaning,
  
• 
  Types; private and public
  
• 
  Formation (legal requirement for the formation of a limited liability company), memorandum of association, article of association, prospectus, certificate of incorporation and trading.
  

Resources; memorandum and article of association, share certificates.

• 
  Sources of capital;
  

1. 
   Shares, debentures, retained profit, loans, and overdraft, etc
   

• 
  Other sources of capital; trade credits, equipment/leasing.
  
• 
  Advantages and disadvantages of limited companies.
  
• 
  Liquidation/dissolution of a limited liability company.
  

Resources; memorandum and article of association, share certificates.

• 
  Definition and examples
  
• 
  Aims and functions
  
• 
  Chamber of commerce;- meaning, aims, functions, and structure.
  
• 
  Consortium, cartel, amalgamation/merger/combine trust holding.
  

Students participate in the visitation to a local chamber of commerce.

Resources; pamphlets on trade association constitution.

• 
  Meaning, history/ evolution of money.
  
• 
  Qualities of money
  
• 
  Types and forms of money.
  
• 
  Similarities and differences between money and other communities used for exchange in trade by barter.
  

Students participate actively in the discussion.

Resources; forms of money, paper, coins etc.

• 
  Meaning, importance and forms.
  
• 
  Land (road & rail) advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Water (advantages and disadvantages).
  

• 
  Forms of transportation; air transportation;- advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Pipeline; advantages and disadvantages.
  
• 
  Identify documents used in transportation.
  

Students provide some documents too.

Resources; delivery notes, advice note etc

• 
  Definition
  
• 
  Types;- oral, written, visual, non-verbal etc
  
• 
  Advantages and disadvantages of communication.
  

Students mention and explain types of communication.

• 
  What is literature: various definitions of literature.
  
• 
  Functions of literature
  
• 
  Difference(s) between literature in – English and English Literature
  

• 
  Definition of Drama
  
• 
  Characteristic (features) of drama.
  
• 
  Types of Drama
  

• 
  Professional Terms such as stages, audience, dialogue, soliloquy, aside, character, flashback, fore shadowing, prologue, epilogue, prompt, script, backdrop, costume etc
  
• 
  Draw a chart of terms used in drama
  

• 
  Definition of prose
  
• 
  Characteristics (features) of prose.
  
• 
  Types of prose
  
• 
  Narrative Techniques: first person narrative/third person narrative etc
  
• 
  Draw up a chart of Narrative persons
  

• 
  Various definitions of poetry
  
• 
  Characteristics (features) of poetry
  
• 
  Types of poetry
  

• 
  Rhyme, Rhythm, Stanza, metre, Poetic license, poetic personae
  

• 
  Discussion on figures of speech such as : simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron, onomatopoeia, alliteration, assonance, etc
  
• 
  Various examples of each
  

• 
  Further discussion s on figures of speech such as: Paradox, Irony, Euphemism, Hyperbole, Synecdoche, Metonymy, Litotes, Malapropism, pun, etc
  
• 
  Various examples of each
  
• 
  A list of the figures of speech on cardboard sheet.
  

• 
  Definition of Literary Appreciation
  
• 
  Discussions on what to appreciate and how:
  

- Special Syntax of poetry

• 
  Professional Terms used in Literary
  
• 
  Appreciation such as: Themes, style, setting, tone, mood, symbolism, etc
  
• 
  A list of literary terms on cardboard paper.
  

• 
  Distinct features of each of the genres
  
• 
  Differentiate between Drama, prose and poetry
  
• 
  Similarities between drama, prose, and poetry
  

• 
  Definition of plot
  
• 
  Difference between plot and story
  

• 
  Background of the Novelist (Author)
  
• 
  Background and setting of the Novel
  
• 
  Plot summary/plot
  

• 
  Discussions on the theme(s) in the text
  
• 
  Analysis of the style
  

• 
  Discussions on the major characters in the Novel
  
• 
  Analysis of their roles and significances
  

• 
  Discussions on the minor characters
  
• 
  Analysis of their roles and significances
  
• 
  Relationship between the characters.
  

• 
  General discussions/compete with /project work, or pair students up for discussions. Question and answer sessions on the text.
  

• 
  Background of the dramatist(playwright)
  
• 
  Background and setting of the play
  
• 
  Plot summary
  

• 
  Discussions on the theme(s) in the text
  
• 
  Analysis of the style
  

• 
  Discussions on the major characters
  
• 
  Analysis of their roles and significances
  

• 
  A discussion on the minor characters
  
• 
  Analysis of their roles and significances
  
• 
  How are the characters related
  

• 
  Role-play the actions of the major characters in the text
  
• 
  Role-play on the actions of the minor characters in the play /text
  

• 
  Background and setting of the poet/poem
  
• 
  Background of the poem subject-matter/summary
  
• 
  Effective use of poetic devices/techniques
  
• 
  Effective use of imagery/symbolism
  
• 
  A cardboard/print out picture of someone growing older.
  

• 
  Analyze the Theme(s) of the poem
  
• 
  Relate the Themes to personal life encounters
  
• 
  Analyze the style
  
• 
  Use portions of the text to explain themes
  

• 
  Background and setting of the poet/poem
  
• 
  Background of the poem subject-matter/summary
  
• 
  Effective use of poetic devices/techniques
  
• 
  Effective use of imagery/symbolism
  
• 
  A cardboard/print out picture of someone growing older.
  

• 
  Analyze the Theme(s) of the poem
  
• 
  Relate the Themes to personal life encounters
  
• 
  Analyze the style
  
• 
  Use portions of the text to explain themes
  

• 
  Background of the Novelist
  
• 
  Background and setting of the Novella
  
• 
  Plot summary/state sequence of major events and show cause-effect relationship.
  

• 
  Analyze the major themes in the text.
  
• 
  Relate the themes to personal life encounter(s)
  
• 
  Discuss the styles in the Novella
  

• 
  Mention and discuss the major characters in the text
  
• 
  Discuss their various roles and significances
  
• 
  State the relationship between the characters
  

• 
  Mention and discuss the minor characters in the text
  
• 
  Discuss their various roles and significances
  
• 
  State the relationship between the characters
  

• 
  Compete with /Give project work or pair students (group) for discussion
  
• 
  How does the story relate to human life?
  
• 
  Man’s entire struggle in life is vanity.
  
• 
  Why does the old man keep dreaming about lions and baseball?