110
16.2 numbers 2 The oil age began about (1)
150 / one hundred and fifty bi years ago. Today oil is still the main source of energy and provides about (2) 30% / the 30% of the world’s total primary energy supply, while the entire set of fossil energies makes up more than (3) eighty percent 80% . The average American consumes (4) 314 GJ / 314 GJs , whereas the pro-capita primary energy consumption in OECD countries is 195 GJ. The energy contained in (5) 1 / one barrel of oil is more than 6 GJ. Such heat content would be generated by human muscles in about (6) 2 .5 / two and a half years.
The average per-capita availability of all forms of energy remained low and stagnant fora very long period of time. The (7) U.S. / US consumption of fossil fuels surpassed that of biomass only in the early (8) 1880s / 1880’s . During the second half of the (9) 19th / XIX century , the average per capita supply of all energy forms increased by only twenty- five) per cent / percent . In contrast, human advances during the
(11) 20 / twentieth century were strongly linked with an unprecedented rise in total energy consumption.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that the delivery of energy from renewables will increase from 840 Mtoe to between 1,900 and 3,250 Mtoe in 2035 – more than (12) twice / two times and
(13) 4 / four times the current level, respectively. Specifically, IEA estimates that the share of renewables in the generation of global electricity will increase to almost (14) a third / 1 / 3 in 2035. The share of renewables in heat is expected to increase from (15) 10% to 16% / 10–16% , and the demand for biofuels will grow (16) four-fold / 4-fold in the same period. The European Commission has suggested that a (17) 80–95% / 80%–95% reduction should be achieved in GHG emissions in order to keep climate change below (18) 2°C / C / 2° c .
1.
150 2.
30%
3.
80%
4.
314 GJ
5. one
6. two and a half
7.
US / US
8.
s
9.
19th
10. percent / percent
11. twentieth
12. twice
13. four
14. third
15.
10–16%
16. fourfold (fold)
17.
80–95% / 80%–95%
18.
C
