VI.3. Airport city: a dream or realistic ambition?
Airport city has a double meaning: while it could be a business model for several airports at the same time it is a new urban spatial development strategy for the airport region. The first concept belongs to the airport business management theory but the second is much more a concept of the municipalities of the airport’s surrounding area although in many cases these municipalities are shareholders of the airports!
It is shown that airports need have a certain passenger flow to be able develop and maintain such a lot of non-aeronautical business which can be considered as “airport city”. Based on low-cost carriers and low-cost travellers can’t achieve the revenue per sq.m. needed for the profitability of a top quality fashion shop or business centre at the airport. The same could be considered if we are talking about air traffic related services as aircraft maintenance or training of the airplane crew. It should be an airport where move enough aircraft which can profit of these services or there should exist enough service provider with the special manpower to offer these services at a high quality.
At those regions where the airport serves 15 million people in a year and there are direct flights to 40–50 destinations as a minimum while one air line carrier uses the airport as basic airport, there could be considered the development as an “airport city” offering a lot of non-aeronautical services for passengers and professionals in the air traffic related businesses. And on the other hand at those airports is needed to develop the offer of hotels and accommodations, restaurants, leisure and other special services (e.g. medical care, or entertainment).
At these regions can be projected the spatial planning by developing the airport’s surrounding area for air traffic related business activities and for residential area of these employees. If the need is strong enough it can projected the development between the airport region and the closest metropolitan poles for airport corridors. But in the meantime it can’t be forgotten develop the multimodal hubs because an airport of this level is functioning as a hub for the hinterland as well.
At airports and regions where these preconditions are not in place it is recommended to consider other possibilities to be a successful airport. First of all it should be studied the soci-economical environment of the airport and find the possible niche markets which could be appropriate for the airport. It can be “low-cost base”, or freight centre or other, special air traffic related activity. But in any case possibilities and strategic goals have to coincide! The airport city could be a dream for somebody while a realistic ambition for another.
Sources and Annexes
Sources
-
John D. Kasarda: Airport Cities: The Evolution; Chapter 1 (London: Insight Media, 2008)
-
Mathis and Michael Güller. From Airport to Airport City. Airports Region Conference, Barcelona Spain, 2001.
-
John D. Kasarda: The Way Forward; Global Airport Cities; Insight Media, 2010
-
Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model by Michael B. Charles, Paul Barnes, Neal Ryan, Julia Clayton
-
http://www.aerotropolis.com/files/2013_AerotropolisStatus.pdf
-
Eurostat regional yearbook 2012, European Commission; http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-HA-12-001/EN/KS-HA-12-001-EN.PDF
-
An Outlook for Europe’s Airports, Facing the Challenges of the 21th Century; ACI-EUROPE 2010
-
ACI EUROPE Economics Report 2012; https://www.aci-europe.org/policy/position-papers.html?view=group&group=1&id=6
-
Martin Hvidt Thelle, Torben Thorø Pedersen and Frederik Harhoff: Airport Competition in Europe, Copenhagen Economics, June, 2012 - ACI-EUROPE
-
ACI and York Aviation: „The social and economic impact of airports in Europe” January, 2004
-
http://www.aerotropolis.com/airportCities/publications
-
Annual reports of the studied airports
Annex
Nr.
|
NUTS3 region
|
Airport
|
1
|
Wien
|
WIEN/SCHWECHAT
|
2
|
Arr. de Bruxelles-Capitale
|
BRUXELLES/NATIONAL
|
3
|
Arr. Charleroi
|
CHARLEROI
|
4
|
Arr. Liège
|
LIEGE/LIEGE (CIV)
|
5
|
Hlavní mesto Praha
|
PRAHA/RUZYNE
|
6
|
Stuttgart, Stadtkreis
|
STUTTGART
|
7
|
München, Kreisfreie Stadt
|
MÜNCHEN
|
8
|
Berlin
|
BERLIN/SCHÖNEFELD
|
9
|
Berlin
|
BERLIN/TEGEL
|
10
|
Hamburg
|
HAMBURG
|
11
|
Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt
|
FRANKFURT/MAIN
|
12
|
Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt
|
FRANKFURT-HAHN
|
13
|
Region Hannover
|
HANNOVER
|
14
|
Düsseldorf, Kreisfreie Stadt
|
DÜSSELDORF
|
15
|
Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt
|
KÖLN/BONN
|
16
|
Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt
|
LEIPZIG/HALLE
|
17
|
Byen København
|
KØBENHAVN/KASTRUP
|
18
|
Thessaloniki
|
THESSALONIKI/MAKEDONIA
|
19
|
Attiki
|
ATHENS
|
20
|
Dodekanisos
|
RODOS/DIAGORAS
|
21
|
Irakleio
|
IRAKLION
|
22
|
Vizcaya
|
BILBAO
|
23
|
Madrid
|
MADRID/BARAJAS
|
Nr.
|
NUTS3 region
|
Airport
|
24
|
Barcelona
|
BARCELONA
|
25
|
Alicante / Alacant
|
ALICANTE
|
26
|
Valencia / València
|
VALENCIA
|
27
|
Eivissa, Formentera
|
IBIZA
|
28
|
Mallorca
|
PALMA DE MALLORCA
|
29
|
Málaga
|
MALAGA
|
30
|
Sevilla
|
SEVILLA
|
31
|
Fuerteventura
|
FUERTEVENTURA
|
32
|
Gran Canaria
|
GRAN CANARIA
|
33
|
Lanzarote
|
LANZAROTE
|
34
|
Tenerife
|
TENERIFE SUR/REINA SOFIA
|
35
|
Helsinki-Uusimaa
|
HELSINKI/VANTAA
|
36
|
Paris
|
PARIS/CHARLES DE GAULLE
|
37
|
Paris
|
PARIS/ORLY
|
38
|
Oise
|
BEAUVAIS-TILLE
|
39
|
Haut-Rhin
|
BALE-MULHOUSE
|
40
|
Gironde
|
BORDEAUX-MERIGNAC
|
41
|
Haute-Garonne
|
TOULOUSE/BLAGNAC
|
42
|
Rhône
|
LYON/SAINT-EXUPERY
|
43
|
Alpes-Maritimes
|
NICE/CÔTE DAZUR
|
44
|
Bouches-du-Rhône
|
MARSEILLE/PROVENCE
|
45
|
Budapest
|
BUDAPEST/FERIHEGY
|
46
|
Dublin
|
DUBLIN
|
47
|
Bergamo
|
BERGAMO/ORIO AL SERIO
|
Nr.
|
NUTS3 region
|
Airport
|
48
|
Milano
|
MILANO/MALPENSA
|
49
|
Milano
|
MILANO/LINATE
|
50
|
Napoli
|
NAPOLI/CAPODICHINO
|
51
|
Catania
|
CATANIA/FONTANAROSSA
|
52
|
Bologna
|
BOLOGNA/BORGO PANIGALE
|
53
|
Roma
|
ROMA/FIUMICINO
|
54
|
Luxembourg
|
LUXEMBOURG/LUXEMBOURG
|
55
|
Riga
|
RIGA
|
56
|
Groot-Amsterdam
|
AMSTERDAM/SCHIPHOL
|
57
|
Miasto Warszawa
|
WARSZAWA/CHOPINA
|
58
|
Grande Porto
|
PORTO
|
59
|
Algarve
|
FARO
|
60
|
Grande Lisboa
|
LISBOA
|
61
|
Bucuresti
|
BUCURESTI/HENRI COANDA
|
62
|
Stockholms län
|
STOCKHOLM/ARLANDA
|
63
|
Västra Götalands län
|
GOTEBORG/LANDVETTER
|
64
|
Bratislavský kraj
|
BRATISLAVA/M.R.STEFANIK
|
65
|
Tyneside
|
NEWCASTLE
|
66
|
Greater Manchester South
|
MANCHESTER
|
67
|
Liverpool
|
LIVERPOOL
|
68
|
Leicestershire CC and Rutland
|
EAST MIDLANDS
|
69
|
Birmingham
|
BIRMINGHAM
|
70
|
Luton
|
LONDON/LUTON
|
71
|
Essex CC
|
LONDON/STANSTED
|
Nr.
|
NUTS3 region
|
Airport
|
72
|
Outer London - West and North West
|
LONDON/HEATHROW
|
73
|
Surrey
|
LONDON/GATWICK
|
74
|
Bristol, City of
|
BRISTOL
|
75
|
Edinburgh, City of
|
EDINBURGH
|
76
|
Glasgow City
|
GLASGOW
|
77
|
East of Northern Ireland (UK)
|
BELFAST/ALDERGROVE
|
Europe State – of – Art Report
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