Final Report March 2000
Establish National Organizations for ITS Planning and Coordination
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- Strengthen Leading Role of Government
- Ensure Continuous Financing Support
- Develop a Master Plan
- Conduct ITS Research and Development
- Establish Mid/Long-Term ITS Deployment Plans
- Provide Technical Assistance to Local Governments for ITS Deployment
- Maximize International Competitiveness in ITS-Related Private-Sector Industries
Establish National Organizations for ITS Planning and CoordinationPurpose of the national ITS organization is to promote and coordinate the development, deployment, integration, and acceptance of intelligent transportation technologies in the country. It should be a collaborative organization between the public and private sectors, and should be composed of various ITS stakeholders including delegates from the government, private sectors, and academia. Strengthen Leading Role of GovernmentIt is desirable that the government should play a leading role in ITS program as follows:
Ensure Continuous Financing SupportStable and continuous financing is essential for the successful implementation of ITS since it can only be achieved through large-scale multi-year research, testing, and deployment processes. The best way for ensuring the required financing is to establish the laws, such as ISTEA or TEA-21 in U.S., on which all ITS activities can be formally justified. Develop a Master PlanAn ITS master plan is the basic framework of ITS development that defines the ITS user services pursued by a country, specifies functional and spatial layout of systems deployment and schedule to implement them. The budget plan and financing methods must be specified in the master plan as well. It is desirable that the master plan should be prepared through agreements among various ITS stakeholders to be used as a base of ITS implementation of the country. Develop a System Architecture From the supply side, it is inevitable that ITS should be implemented independently by different local agencies as functionally and spatially separated systems. From the demand side, users must be able to get the same level of service from any system using a same kind of equipment. Therefore, the government must establish a national ITS architecture so that various independent systems can be seamlessly integrated and operated effectively. Promote Standardization Activities One of government’s essential duties is to build an integrated system, as pursued by the national ITS architecture, and keeps a standard of communication protocols between various ITS components. It is also important that the government builds a standard for performance specifications of ITS equipment (e.g., sensors, communication terminals, etc.) which is to be developed mainly by private-sector industries. Conduct ITS Research and DevelopmentVarious operating system software required for ITS implementation must cope with inherent domestic transport conditions. Also, as shown in many advanced countries, it is a common practice for the central government to support development of the parts of the systems that are universally applicable in all areas throughout the country. For the effective fulfillment of ITS R&D, the central government must provide a leadership in partnership with the local governments and private sector. Establish Mid/Long-Term ITS Deployment PlansThe government and public agencies responsible for ITS system deployment shall prepare the detailed mid/long-term plans for deploying their systems based upon the national ITS master plan. In reference to such deployment plans, conditions and functional requirements of ITS products must be fully reflected in the planning stage of product development through reviews with major purchasing organizations in the public sector. Provide Technical Assistance to Local Governments for ITS DeploymentLocal governments may be reluctant to deploy ITS as planned by the central government because they cannot afford to independently provide high-level technicians and experts needed for ITS operations and management. To cope with this, they could foster ITS technical teams as independent organizations under the control of central government, with the financial support so that local governments can maintain technical experts. Maximize International Competitiveness in ITS-Related Private-Sector IndustriesThe government should support the ITS-related private industries such as automobile, electronics, and communication facilities in order to accumulate the technologies and secure the production basis. At the same time, standards for the various ITS technologies and products need to be set up such that they are compatible with the international standards. As a result, the domestic private companies could occupy profitable positions in international market. 6.4.2 Tasks for the Development of New Rail Transit Modes The biggest tasks for the introduction of new rail transit technologies in the APEC countries, especially in developing countries, are technology transfer and financing assistance. In case of advanced countries, the task in new transport technology is to prove whether a theoretically proven system or a system which was confirmed through partial simulation is appropriate in the real situation, and whether it is even more efficient than the transport mode currently operated. In developing countries, it is general that the introduction of new transport technologies is slow and the need for them is not recognized easily both by policy makers and public, despite of serious urban transport problems. Even if the appropriateness for the introduction of new transport technology has been proved and technology can be transferred from the advanced countries, the funding for promoting the project remains as a big problem. Also, in developing countries, the government must bear the burden to guarantee a return on the investment because investors want to bear relatively low risk from the investment. In conclusion, there exist big gaps both in technology and financing capability between developed and developing countries. It could be suggested, accordingly, that any kind of cooperation both in the technology and financing is needed between countries, possibly via international organizations.
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